降低

Valinomycin, a photophosphorylation uncoupler, decreased significantly the fast phase (related mainly to the membrane electric potential) millisecond delayed light emission of C. reinhardtii. Nigericin, another photophosphorylation uncoupler, decreased the slow phase (related mainly to the proton gradient) and partly also the fast phase of ms-DLE. Both valinomycin and nigericin can decrease the net ATP content under light and photosynthetic rate of C. reinhardtii, but the degree of inhibition of net ATP content and photosynthesis by nigericin was higher than that by valinomycin.

光合磷酸化解联剂缬氨霉素显著降低衣藻毫秒延迟发光的快相，对慢相影响不大；另一个光合磷酸化解联剂尼日利亚菌素则显著降低衣藻毫秒延迟发光慢相（主要与跨膜质子梯度有关），同时也降低部分快相。valinomycin和nigericin均可降低光下藻细胞中的ATP净含量和光合作用速率，但是nigericin对ATP含量和光合作用速率的抑制程度比valinomycin强。

To have the level of fourth-generation technology, thanks to good fortune by the German-made automatic winding machine AC338 for example, with the third-generation type of comparison, the practical winding speed of nearly 30 percent, most can be as high as 2 000 m / min;筒纱quality increased yarn Uster CV value of the two machines are basically the same though, but the quality of yarn, such as details of 1000 meters from 14.5 to 12, 17.24 percent lower; km thick section from 134.3 to 121.7 , 9.38% lower; Neps kilometers from 121.6 to 115.5, lower 5%; 3 mm in length Hairiness (months / 10m) from 135 down to 102, reduced 24.4%; 14.36% increase in production; production efficiency 8.5%, not筒纱the use of high-quality, the following procedures brought about by economic interests.

以具有第四代技术水平的，由德国赐来福公司制造的AC338型自动络筒机为例，与第三代型机比较，实用卷绕速度提高了近30%，最可高达2 000 m/min；筒纱质量大幅度提高，乌斯特条干CV值两机虽然基本相同，但纱的质量如千米细节由14.5降至12，降低了17.24%；千米粗节由134.3降至121.7，降低了9.38%；千米棉结由121.6降至115.5，降低了5%；3 mm长度毛羽(个/10m)也由135降到102，降低了24.4%；产量提高14.36%；生产效率提高8.5%，这还不算使用高质量的筒纱后，后道工序所带来的经济利益。

Observe the formula's effects to the diabetic nephropathy rat model cause by small dose STZ injured, high lipin feed and hemiresection, the results showed that can decrease significantly blood sugar after diet 2h, control availably hyperplasia of glomerulus mesenteric cell, inhibite tumefaction of glomerulus capillary endothelial cell, keep integrality of podocytic process and basement membrane, relieve vasal cavum stricture, reduce the GFR and excretory rate of 〓-MG, improve the status of high blood lipin, specially decrease significantly TC, reduce the 〓 and T/K, improve the status of microcirculation obstacle, elevate the activity of 〓-〓-ATP enzyme.

观察降糖益肾方对小剂量STZ诱导并单侧肾切除，高脂饲料喂养的糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的影响实验结果：对2h后血糖有显著降低作用（p.05），能有效抑制肾小球系膜基质的增生，减轻肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞肿胀，保持足突与基底膜的完整性，减轻血管腔狭窄，降低GFR、尿微量白蛋白以及〓-微球蛋白的排泄率（p.05），能改善高血脂状态，降低血TG、TC含量（p.05），降低〓与T／K比值（p.05），改善微血管循环障碍的状态；能升高肾组织中〓-〓-ATP酶的活性（p.05）。

The SPC-2S fraction with 30% EtOH were constituted epicatechin and epicatechin gallate ester ;The SPC-2S fraction with 50% EtOH contained epicatechin and dimeric procyanidins, another SPC-3S contained epicatechin ,dimeric procyanidins and trimeric procyanidns ;Dimeric procyanidins and trimeric procyanidns constitute SPC-5S fraction;monomer dimer trimer tetramer pentamer of procyanidins were the major fractions in 70% acetone elute solution.

1和 2.01：1，也以添加0.1%SPC酒样中两者的比例最为协调；对小曲酒中酸的影响表现为，添加SPC后有利于降低酒样中乙酸的含量，各酒样中乙酸的量随着SPC添加量高粱外种皮中原花青素及其对小曲白酒挥发性成分影响机制研究的增加而降低；对醛类的影响为，添加SPC可降低酒样中糠醛的含量，其中以添加 0.1%SPC酒样中含量最低，为对照组的39.3%，而4个酒样中乙醛含量则无明显差别；低SPC添加量有降低酒样中杂醇油含量的趋势。

The rate of wetting front advance and infiltration rate under certain ponded infiltration was significantly reduced by Sodium Polyacrylate , and as a result effectively reduced water in a sandy soil leaking to a deeper layer under the plough layer.

砂土的饱和导水率随着高分子化合物聚丙烯酸钠用量增加而降低，在恒定水头入渗条件下，聚丙烯酸钠降低了水分向深层运移的速度，同时降低了砂土的入渗速率，可以有效降低砂土水分的深层渗漏。

Results: in contrast with model group, SSM can (1) increase the survival rate of ARF in rats, cut down Scr and BUN at 24hr, improve renal function, slightly surpass Vp in its therapeutic effect;(2) mitigate the extent of renal pathologicchanges, decrease the numbers of renal tubule necroses and casts;(3) protect renal ultrastructure such as microvilli, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum of TEC, podocytic process of glomerulus epithelial cell,endothelial cell etc, better than Vp;(4) enhance SOD activity, lower MDA contents in renal cortex;(5) enhance NO contents in serum, reduce ET levels in plasma;(6) evidently cut down TNF- a contents in serum, superior to Vp;(7) antagonize calcium overload in TEC;(8) alleviate renal pathological changes in ARF metaphase (at 3d), advance regeneration and recovery of TEC, restore renal structure in ARF convalescence (at 5d), and better than Vp;(9) increase the expression of TEC PCNA and prepro EGFmRNA in ARF metaphase.

结果：与模型组相比，SSM能(1)提高ARF大鼠的存活率，降低24hr时Scr及BUN，改善肾功能，其疗效略优于维拉帕米；(2)减轻ARF肾脏病变程度，减少24hr肾小管坏死数及管腔内管型数；(3)对肾脏的超微结构如肾小管上皮细胞微绒毛、线粒体、内质网、肾小球上皮细胞足突、内皮细胞等形态结构均有一定的保护作用，其疗效略优于维拉帕米；(4)提高肾皮质SOD活性，降低MDA含量；(5)提高血清NO水平，同时降低血浆ET含量；(6)显著降低血清TNF-α的水平，疗效明显优于维拉帕米；(7)拮抗小管上皮细胞[Ca~(2+)]_i的升高；(8)使ARF中期(第3d时)肾组织病变较同期其它两组明显减轻，并使肾小管细胞再生修复提前，至ARF恢复期(第5d时)肾组织结构恢复重建良好；作用明显优于维拉帕米；(9)促进ARF中期肾小管上皮细胞PCNA的表达及EGF前体mRNA的合成，从而增加EGF的合成释放，而维拉帕米无此作用。

This may be explained by follows: First, Decoction Shenkangling can regulate the homeostasis of NEI network and reduce the increased activity of NF-κB to restrain the action of inflammatory-sclerotic media; Second, it can redress the disequilibrium of the ratio of TXA2/PGI2 to reform the hypercoagulable state; Third, it can enhance albumin and reduce cholesterol and triglyceride; Fourth, it can amend the renal damage and protect the function of renal tubule and stroma to prevent the transformation from MCD to FSGS; Last, it can lessen urine protein in AN rats markedly and relieve the side effects of prednisone.4. NF-κB, TXA2 and PGI2, along with the renal pathomorphology and so on can all be the indexes of the diagnosis of Symptom of "Kidney Deficiency and Blood Stasis" and the application of Methods of "Benefiting the kidney and Promoting blood circulation" in TCM.5. The curative effects on AN rats by treatment of integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with prednisone are much better than using prednisone only. And the curative effects on AN rats by treatment of matching Decoction Shenkangling, having the function of "Benefiting the kidney and Promoting blood circulation", with Prednisone are much better than using Prednisone only.6. When it referred to decreasing urine protein, cholesterol and triglyceride and increasing albumin, Decoction Zhibodihuang excesses Decoction Taohongsiwu. However, when it referred to regulating the disequilibrium of TXA2/PGI2 and meliorating renal lesion, Decoction Taohongsiwu exceeds Decoction Zhibodihuang.7. The curative effects on AN rats by treatment of matching Methods of "Benefiting the kidney and Promoting blood circulation" with Prednisone overmatches using Prednisone matching Method of "Benefiting the kidney" or Method of " Promoting blood circulation" only.

益肾活血中药肾康灵能显著改善AN鼠的肾虚血瘀证的临床表现和实验指标，这可能与中药肾康灵能调理AN鼠机体的NEI网络功能稳态，降低异常升高的NF-κB活性，抑制免疫炎症/硬化介质环节，纠正失衡的TXA2/PGI2，改善AN鼠血液高凝状态，提高AN鼠的血清Alb，降低Ch和TG，减轻AN鼠的肾脏组织病理学变化，保护肾小管－间质功能，阻止MCD向FSGS转化；显著减轻AN鼠的尿蛋白水平以及减轻激素副作用有关。4、NF-κB、 TXB2和6-keto-PGF1α以及肾脏病理形态学改变等，都可作为中医肾虚血瘀证诊断和益肾活血法应用的客观指标。5、中西医结合干预AN鼠疗效优于单纯激素治疗；强的松配合益肾活血中药肾康灵组的综合疗效显著优于单纯强的松组。6、知柏地黄汤组在降低尿蛋白、提高血清Alb、降低Ch和TG疗效上优于桃红四物汤组；桃红四物汤组在纠正失衡的TXA2/PGI2和减轻肾脏病理损害方面优于知柏地黄汤组。7、激素配合益肾活血法干预AN鼠在一定程度上优于激素配合益肾法或活血法。

I have therefore generated several p130cas RNA interference transgenic lines to determine the possible function of p130cas during neurogenesis. Knockdown of p130cas expression in developing neurons resulted in partial fusion in the commissures axon fascicles of CNS, photoreceptor axon targeting and guidance defects, and bulged synapse boutons at the neuromuscular junction. Moreover, reduced expression of p130cas in sensory organ precursor cells and proneural clusters resulted in bristle development defects.

为了了解p130cas的功能以及更进一步的分析p130cas在神经发育过程所扮演的角色，我建立一系列可以执行RNA干扰技术的转殖果蝇，结果显示在果蝇的神经中降低p130cas的表现会造成腹部神经索中原来排列整齐的commissure axons神经束偶尔会出现不正常的融合；若将p130cas专一地在果蝇眼睛中降低则会造成果蝇视神经突触目标辨识与突触导向的缺陷；而如果局部的运动神经系统中降低p130cas的表现会造成在神经肌肉接点的神经突触有澎大的现象；此外在果蝇的感觉器官前细胞以及原神经细胞丛，降低p130cas的表现则会导致刚毛发育的缺陷。

When aborted rats in group E were treated with the dose of 50 IU/g IFN-γ, expression of TNF-αin this group was compared with the other four groups, the results were as follows: Compared with group A, the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami and pars intermedia had a highly expression of TNF-α, in the other nuclei of hypothalamus, neurohypophsis and adenohypophysis, the change was not significantly, the expression of TNF-αin follicle and corpus luteum were decreased distinctly, the variation in uterus was slight and no difference was exsited; Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-αin nucleus nucleus lateralis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis and uterus presented a remarkable enhancement, conversely, the TNF-αexpression in the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, follicle and corpus luteum had been significantly decreased; Compared with group C, the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis, pars intermedia and uterus had upregulated the expression of TNF-α, however, it was decreased in the nucleus periventricularis hypothalami and corpus luteum; When compared with group D, the expression of TNF-αin nucleus lateralis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, pituitary, follicle and ovary stroma were obviously enhanced, while in the nucleus supra-opticus and nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, the situation was definitely opposite, in the other parts, the change was not significant.

外源腹腔注射50 IU/g IFN-γ后，同A组相比：E组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑视前内侧核、视前大细胞核、室周核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、弓状核、垂体中间部显著增高，在下丘脑其它核团、神经垂体、垂体前叶较A组差异不显著，在卵泡、黄体中阳性产物表达均较A组显著降低，在子宫中表达较A组变化不明显；同B组相比：E组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑外侧核、腹内侧核、弓状核、垂体前叶、子宫均显著增高，在视前内侧核、视交叉上核、视上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、神经垂体、卵泡、黄体中阳性物质表达均显著降低；同C组相比：E组下丘脑视前内侧核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、弓状核、垂体前叶与中间部、子宫均显著增高，在室周核、黄体中均显著降低；同D组相比：E组下丘脑外侧核、背内侧核、腹内侧核、垂体各部、卵泡、卵巢基质均显著增高，在视上核、弓状核显著降低，在其它部位表达变化差异不显著。

When aborted rats were injected with 10 IU/g IFN-γin group D, compared with group A, expression of TNF-αinmmuopositive substance in the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami were highly increased, conversely, the ones in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, neurohypophsis, adenohypophysis, ovary were obviously decreased, the change in the uterus was not remarkable; Compared with group B, expression of TNF-αin the arcuatus hypothalami was obviously enhanced, while in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, pars intermedia, ovary, the results were on the contrary, the uterus had no significantly variation; Compared with group C, expression of TNF-αin the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis and pars intermedia had an obviously risen trend, however, the variation in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, pars intermedia, follicle and corpus luteum was completely opposite, uterus had no obviously change.

外源腹腔注射10 IU/g IFN-γ后，同A组相比：D组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑视前内侧核、视上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、弓状核显著增高，在视交叉上核显著降低，在其它核团较A组无显著差异，在神经垂体、垂体前叶、卵巢中阳性产物表达均较A组显著降低，在子宫中的表达较A组变化不明显；同B组相比：D组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在弓状核显著增高，在视交叉上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、神经垂体、垂体中间部、卵巢各部阳性物质表达均显著降低，在子宫表达变化不显著；同C组相比：D组下丘脑视前内侧核、视上核、室旁核、弓状核、垂体前叶与中间部均显著增高，在视交叉上核、室周核、神经垂体、卵泡、黄体中均显著降低，子宫中表达变化不明显。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。