阻尼的

A ship course controller is designed for Norrbin nonlinear ship mathematical model with matching uncertainty. Combining the backstepping algorithm with the nonlinear damping algorithm to design controller, the nonlinear damping is used to cancel the uncertainty. The integral item is introduced in the design to improve the performance of the controller. Now, general ships can only use the electric gyrocompass to measure the course angle, but they have no equipments to measure the angular velocity, so in this article another ship course controller of output feedback is designed for Norrbin nonlinear ship, firstly the angular velocity is estimated by the observer and then the ship course controller is designed.

本文基于含有匹配不确定项的Norrbin非线性船舶数学模型，将backstepping算法和非线性阻尼算法相结合设计船舶航向控制器，利用非线性阻尼来抵消系统的不确定项，同时为了更好地改善系统的性能，在设计过程中引入了积分项；由于目前一般船舶只有电罗经用于测量船舶的航向角，还没有测量船舶航向角速度的设备，因此，针对Norrbin非线性船舶模型设计了一种输出反馈控制器，首先利用观测器对船舶航向角速度进行估计，然后再设计船舶航向控制器。

Then according to the research of the state matrix, a concept that the system general damping coefficient keeps constant is proposed, which is helpful for understanding the interaction of all the dynamic components and impacts for the distribution of dampings.

论文在回顾特征值分析方法基本概念、步骤的基础上，通过对系统状态矩阵的研究，提出了广义系统阻尼守恒的概念，这便于理解系统中各动态元件的相互影响和对系统阻尼分配所起的作用。

In this part, the characteristics of transient responses of flexible rotor systems with arbitrarily distributed mass on isotropic or anisotropic supports passing through several critical speeds seguencially are examined. Here, the current knowledge of rotor dynamics on the eigenproblem of damped free whirling vibration, the generaliged damped mode theary, the transient forced vibration and so on combined with KBM asymptotic method in the nonlinear vibration theory is employed and extended.

作者综合运用并引伸推广转子动力学关于阻尼自由回旋振动的特征问题、广义阻尼模态理论、瞬态强廹振动等現代理论和方法，结合非线性振动理论中的KBM渐近法，提出自己独創見解和覌点，成功地建立起正回旋和逆回旋两种情况下转子通过临界点的瞬态振动一阶微分方程组，可以在临界点的邻域内从事方程的数值积分计算。

In order to analyze the influence of filled metal particles on impact force for hydraulic pile hammer, analytical solution of mathematic model for pile hammer filled with metal particles considering effects of metal particles was presented. In the solution, lumped mass were used as metal particles, a spring was used as contact stiffness between metal particles and hammer body, different variable lumped masses were used as pile hammer, the ram and anvil, a spring and a dashpot were used as the anvil cushion and pile respectively.

为分析填充金属颗粒对打桩锤锤击力的影响，考虑填充金属颗粒的作用，用集中质量块表示填充的金属颗粒，用弹簧模拟金属颗粒与锤体相碰处的接触刚度，用不同的集中质量块表示桩锤、砧座和桩帽，用并联的弹簧、阻尼器表示锤垫，用弹簧表示桩垫，用阻尼器表示桩，建立了平衡方程。

Based on the current development of VED in structural control and its fractional derivative model, the finite element formula of VED is erected by using three different assumptions of the shear strain.

针对粘弹性材料的分数导数模型，采用不同的剪应变的假设，推导了粘弹性阻尼器的有限元计算公式，通过粘弹性阻尼器在一单自由度系统的控制上的应用，确定了其计算模型。

Using this method,we discussed for generalized Burger equation with variable coefficients and linear danping,obtained its symmetry group,simliar reduced equations,infinitesimal generator and Lie algebras;In chapter 6,using the Exp-function method,the generalized solutions of combined KdV-mKdV equation with variable coefficients are discussed.

首先介绍了Lie群分析法的基本思想，其次用Lie群分析法得到了带线性阻尼项的变系数广义Burgers方程的无穷小变换、无穷小算子的李代数结构，并具体求出了带线性阻尼项的变系数广义Burger方程的群不变解和约化方程。

The influence of the interaction on the mode shapes of the dam is also analyzed. Based on the above analyses, two modified models, which are massless damping foundation and part of mass foundation, are presented to simulate the dam--foundation interaction mechanism. A new method to form the non-proportional damping matrix is proposed.

在此基础上，为了更好地模拟坝—地基相互作用的机制，提出了两种改进的地基计算模型：无质量有阻尼地基模型和部分有质量地基模型，建立了形成体系非比例阻尼矩阵的方法，并用来分析了相互作用对重力坝的地震反应的影响。

Using these elements, the nonlinear dynamic response of laminated structure under the visco elastic damping were numerical studied. Many beneficial conclusions were obtained.

用本文构造的几何非线性单元，对粘弹性阻尼作用下的层合结构动响应及粘弹性阻尼衰减效果进行了计算和分析，得到了一些有益的结论，可作为材料和结构设计的指导。

The invention discloses a device for spreading machine docking with trucks, which consists of damping mechanisms installed on both side between the spreading machine and the roller; the damping mechanism consists of side plate 1, sliding block 2, flexible element 3, and shaft 4, the flexible element 3 is sleeved on the shaft 4 of which one end linked with spreading machine and the other with sliding block 2, side plate is on upper section of sliding block 2 and fixed on the machine, lower section of sliding block is linked with roller.

本发明公开了一种摊铺机与卡车对接缓冲装置，它为设置于摊铺机机身前端与推滚之间的左、右各一副阻尼机构(10)；所述阻尼机构(10)包括端板(1)、滑块(2)、弹性元件(3)和轴(4)，弹性元件(3)套于轴(4)上，轴(4)的一端与推铺机机身(5)相连，滑块(2)与轴(4)的另一端相连，端板(1)位于滑块(2)上段之外，并固定于推铺机机身(5)上，滑块(2)的下段与推滚(6)相接。

It is the first time to use powder damping technique in reducing the vibration and noise of cold saw clamp.

把粉体阻尼技术首次用于冷锯机夹盘的减振降噪，通过对其降噪效果及频谱的测量分析，发现粉体阻尼不但是一种简单实用的技术而且对夹盘的强度和固有特性影响小。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。