阻尼器

An upright piano includes a fall-board (12) hinged to a upper sill (10f) and connected through a pair of flexible coupling (13) to side arms (10b), and each of the flexible couplings has a rotary damper (13b) embedded in the side arm and an Oldham's coupling (13a/ 13c/ 13q) connected between the fall-board and the rotary damper so that the Oldham's couplings take up misalignment between the rotational axis (AX1) of the fall-board and the rotational axes (AX2) of the rotary dampers.

一种立式钢琴包括铰接在上部横梁（10f）上、并利用一对挠性联轴节联接在所说侧臂板（10b）上的一个落式盖板（12），每个挠性联轴节具有嵌埋在侧臂板中的一个旋转阻尼器（13b）和联接在落式盖板与旋转阻尼器之间的一个奥德海姆联轴节（13a／13c／13q），从而奥德海姆联轴节可以消除落式盖板的旋转轴（AX1）与旋转阻尼器的旋转轴（AX2）之间的对准误差。

Based on the conformation and working principle of this damper,the model of damping force corresponding to the viscous damper is constructed.

为了充分利用线性阻尼器的优点，并改进其不足，本文研制了一种调节阀式粘滞阻尼器该阻尼器由缸筒

In this study, the following studies have been carried out(1)Test on a typical MR damper employed in this study was carried out, Neural network model based a direct model and a inverse model were established. The performance of the models were cpmpared with the Bingham model and the hyperbolic tangent model. Results show that ANN model can describe the mechanical behavior of MR damper perfectly as a nonparmetric model.

本文主要进行了以下三个方面的工作：(1)对一种典型的磁流变阻尼器进行了性能试验，利用实验实测数据建立了阻尼器的Bingham模型、双曲正切模型两种参数模型以及基于神经网络的正向和逆向模型，对三种计算模型进行了仿真分析，并与试验结果进行对比研究，结果表明，神经网络模型比两种参数模型能更好地模拟阻尼器的动态性能。

In order to solve the nonlinear problem of lampers, a pure-shear magneto-rtheological damper was designed. In view of its non-linear characteristics, it was proposed to make use of the radial basis function neural networks non-linear mapping capabilities and establish MR dampers inverse model to solve its problem of non-linear.

为了解决阻尼器的非线性问题，设计了一种纯剪切型磁流变阻尼器，并针对其非线性特性，提出了利用径向基函数神经网络的非线性映射能力，以建立磁流变阻尼器的逆模型。

In chapter 3, this paper describes the various models of the passive dampers for analysis and calculation taking account into the precision and other aspects, and points out the Maxwell model is enough to limn the characteristic of the fluid viscous damper under stress in most operating condition; in chapter 4, this chapter. further validates the rationality and advantage employing the fluid viscous damper in practical project and the reliability of the adopted model on the base of referring relevant experiments overseas and their data.

在文章的第三章，着重讨论了基于精确度等方面考虑而建立的被动阻尼器的各种受力分析计算模型，并指出Maxwell模型足以描述在大多数工况下粘滞阻尼器的受力特性；第四章则是在参考了国外的相关实验及其数据基础上进一步验证了工程上使用粘滞阻尼器的的合理性和优越性及分析计算模型的可靠性。

The results show that there will be slight decrease of the control efforts when the mean absolute value or the root mean square value of the optimal control force is taken as the maximum designed control force, while the maximum control force of MR damper can be decreased by 85% compared with the maximum optimal control force. The decrease in the designed control force can not only significantly increase the capability of MR dampers, but also reduce the dimension of MR dampers for pratical application in engineering.

研究表明，当设计值取最优控制力的平均绝对值或均方根值时，MR阻尼器的最大控制力比最优控制力的最大值降低了85%，而控制效果降低不多，可以满足对结构的控制要求；降低最大控制力设计值后，不但可以充分发挥MR阻尼器的出力性能，而且可以缩小MR阻尼器的设计尺寸，便于工程应用。

The fluid film bearing-flexible rotor nonlinear system with squeeze film damper is modeled practically using the finite element method and the Hamilton principle.(3) The film forces produced by fluid film bearing and squeeze film damper are determined by finite element method at any moment, and the Jacobian matrix is also determined.(4) A method for analyzing the dynamics of a large system with local nonlinearities is presented. The stability and bifurcation of the equilibrium position and the unbalance responce of a fluid film bearing-flexible rotor system with squeeze film damper are investigated based on the assumption of an incompressible lubricant together with the long bearing approximation for fluid film bearing, short bearing approximation for squeeze film damper and the"π"film cavitation model.

主要研究内容包括下面几个方面：（1）对挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统中的非线性现象进行了机理方面的研究；（2）应用有限元方法及Hamilton原理对复杂的挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统进行了建模分析；（3）对滑动轴承及挤压油膜阻尼器中任一时刻的油膜力及相应的Ja-cobi矩阵的确定进行了分析；（4）对一类具有局部非线性的多自由度动力系统，提出了一种可以有效地分析其动力特性的方法；（5）采用实验与理论分析相结合的方法，对挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统的动力特性进行了分析。

A modified Sigmoid model, which has simple expression, clear meaning, and less parameters, is proposed.

提出了MR阻尼器的修正的sigmoid模型，该模型表达式简单、含义明确、参数较少，其参数可以根据阻尼器试验曲线做灵活的修改，能够准确描述MR阻尼器的动力特性。

As the Coulomb friction of the damper is increased, the vibration amplitude of the rotor system is decreased near the undamped critical speeds, but is increased in a range between the first and the second undamped critical speeds.

随着磁流变液阻尼器的库仑阻尼力的增大，支承在磁流变液阻尼器上的转子系统在无阻尼临界转速处振幅明显下降，但在两阶无阻尼临界转速之间的一定转速区振幅反而增加。

The operating case of current liquid dampers, in which have been used in engineering, has been investigated by analyzing the distribution of oil kinetics parameters such as pressures and flow velocities based on finite element method for design of constructer of the new MR fluid damper and its characteristic simulation.

通过分析目前工程中的轿车液力阻尼器工作原理，采用有限元法对阻尼器内部流体的工作状态进行了分析；探讨了油液在工作过程中的压力、流速及其流场分布的动力学特征，为流体阻尼器结构设计及其阻尼特性的数值模拟分析提供了理论依据。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。