阶层的形成

Captain Roland remarked, The marvel is that the draftee divisions were able to generate and maintain any esprit de corps at all. Formed originally by mixing men indiscriminately from throughout the nation, thus severing all personal, social, community, and regional bonds, identified by anonymous numbers and replenished through the notorious Repple Depples, their only source of morale, other than the shared experience of hazard and hardship, was the character and patriotism of the soldiers.

罗兰德上尉评论，令人惊异的是，被征召的各师都能够产生并维持团体精神，这些征召师最初是由来自全国各地的人们不加区别地混杂而成，因此分断了所有的诸如个人所好、阶层认同、同袍邻里，地方乡亲所形成的纽带，所有人都是无名小卒，都被装进臭名昭著的拉仆递仆兵站，因而彼此之间无甚差别，他们仅有的士气源泉，不是分担风险、同赴艰难，而是他们的个性品质和作为战士的爱国热情。

What form tremendous contrast with afore-mentioned opinion on public affairs is, yo ever stated the company already was planning to finish work of generation lead plane before Yves Guillemot of green jade president two days, strive for heavy dice to bet expected affection to be in overtones again, the power that proves dynastic changes once more comes from only possibly suffer from not all small or petty proprietor and beggarly estate, like EA this kind of landlord moneybags that insists green hill to be not loosened is only too anxious to all one's life so generation lead plane.

与上述言论形成巨大反差的是，育碧总裁Yves Guillemot前两天曾表示公司已在规划下一代主机作品，争取重掷骰子再赌一把的期盼之情溢于言表，再度证明改朝换代的动力只可能来自患不均的小业主和赤贫阶层，像EA这种咬定青山不放松的地主老财巴不得一辈子就这么一代主机。

The newspapers, which were based on the mass-production of the capitalism, just served for this part of population.

上海社会商业化、贸易化的发展，在带来现代西方经济观念的同时，也在逐渐瓦解着中国人的小农意识，形成了中国最早的具有城市市民意识的群体，报纸就是为了更好地服务于这个阶层而产生的。

It pointsout that Huji system of new China is formed with connection with the heavy industry biasdevelopment strategy,"the anti-urbanization logic",and the attitude to civil right of government,whose effects not only appear on the dual social structure of city versus countryside,but alsoon social inequality among different regions,or the Huji hierarchy.

提出了新中国的户籍制度是在偏重重工业的发展战略、&反城市化&的逻辑以及国家关于个人权利界定的意识形态共同作用下而形成的，它的社会影响不仅仅表现在城乡二元结构方面，而且还表现在户口切割的地区及阶层差别，即户籍等级结构方面。

After they reached Yunnan, Hans migration had become Yunnan people from foreigner through garrisoning, opening up wasteland, growing food grain, settling and combining with land. Their distribution showed that they concentrated on main cities, important military fort, and inner basin plan and along traffic lines and pushed forward to the mountain areas where minority lived. Consequently, the status where an area inhabited by Han and other nationalities established the nationalities distributing pattern of Yunnan in latter-day. Th productivity labor of Hans migration pushed forward the social productivity of Yunnan.

他们的定居分布具有中心城镇屯聚、内地坝区密集屯田、交通干线的驿堡屯戍并向次要道路和边远民族山区层层推进的态势，奠定了云南近代汉族与少数民族杂居而形成的各民族大杂居、小聚居的分布格局；他们的生产活动推动了明代云南社会生产力的巨大发展；他们土著化过程中的阶级分化，不仅促进了云南地主经济的广泛发展，推动云南的社会变革，更重要的是汉族移民壮大云南知识分子力量和人口基础，促进知识分子士绅阶层在明代云南社会中广泛兴起，标志着云南人口素质有了很大提高，对云南社会产生了深远的影响。

At that time, not only the society and economy developed rapidly in all regions, but also political and military conflicts broke out among five hegemonies and seven major states.

在这个时代，各大地区的社会经济先后迅速发展，政治军事上出现了五霸七雄之争，文化上则由于出现广大士人阶层，他们顺应社会历史巨变，纷纷提出自己的救世主张，形成以儒、法、道、墨为代表的百家争鸣，显示着中华民族学术思想文化空前的生机和活力，为后世学者们所仰慕，引起持久的憧憬和热烈研究的兴趣。

In view of executive power to intervene in the allocation of resources over the reality of the situation, should intensify their efforts to clean up the recent各种乱收费, levies, and shut the power of the currency market of the "gray channel" reflects the strong focus on cleaning up the community, do not lead to monopolies fair competition policy, and actively create a fair and regulated competitive environment, maximizing the contribution of income and reflected on and so on; to be a more effective means of remediation of illegal income, seek to abuse the interests of individuals or small groups with severe punishment imposed for corruption ; At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the political system, and promote democratization and openness in decision-making, and strengthen the public service and acts of administrative bodies at all levels of supervision and constraints on the exercise of such power by the process of forming a comprehensive and reasonable mechanism for binding.

当中产阶级成为一个国家的主流群体时，就会结成一张维护社会长治久安的&安全网&。如果说&社会稳定是压倒一切的政治任务&的话，那么，扩大中产阶级的比重就是实现稳定的社会基础。如何促进中国中产阶级的快速发展？笔者认为当前应特别重视以下几个方面：（1）加强法律保护的力度。实践证明，只有依法保护私人产权和维护社会公正，才能促使人们凭借勤劳和智慧去创造财富，才能抑制少数人依仗权势&寻租&和通过贪污腐败手段暴富，才能防止百姓的私有财产不被权贵势力非法侵吞。这样，所有的人将可平等地获得上升的机会，私人资本和职业阶层也会有更大的成长空间。（2）大力发展公共教育事业。知识能够帮助人们改变命运，只有大力发展公共教育，才能使更多的人得到平等分享经济增长成果的机会，这是知识经济时代培育中产阶级的&树人工程&。我们要尽快普及12年制义务教育，大力开展终身教育，打造更多的学习型组织，营造学习型社会的氛围，从而使更多的人通过攀登知识阶梯而升入中产阶级。（3）加快金融创新。中国居民目前工资收入在家庭收入中的比重平均为70％左右，大大高于发达国家50％的水平。工资收入在家庭收入中的占比过大，自然会减缓大多数人进入中产阶级行列的步伐。我们认为，要提高居民收入中非工资收入的比重，最重要的措施就要培育居民的投资意识，并通过金融创新为他们提供多样化的投资工具（如形式多样的共同基金等）。（4）提高专业技术人员、经营管理者、教师、研究人员、公务员等智力劳动者的收入，鼓励智力劳动者进行智力投资，并保护相应的合法权益。（5）建立职业经理人激励机制（包括年薪、奖金、红股、期权等方式），形成职业经理人致富与企业发展互动的财富积累机制。

Both China's "urban villages" and the squatter settlements in other developing nations arise from the influxes of surplus agricultural labor lured to cities where economies are growing but governments are unable to provide sufficient affordable housing for huge numbers of low-income families, and both are troubled with problems of fire control, living conditions and public security.

中国的城中村现象与其他发展中国家的贫民窟皆导因於城市经济迅速发展吸引大量农村剩余劳动力前来，而政府却无力解决庞大低收入阶层廉租住宅问题所形成的违法营建现象，两者虽皆面临消防安全、环境品质与治安等问题，但城中村却又另有原村民间的血缘关系、土地合法使用权之持有、房东与房客组成的人口结构与村内特有之正式管理组织等异於一般发展中国家贫民窟的特点。

Both China's "urban villages" and the squatter settlements in other developing nations arise from the influxes of surplus agricultural labor lured to cities where economies are growing but governments are unable to provide sufficient affordable housing for huge numbers of low-income families, and both are troubled with problems of fire control, living conditions and public security. However,"urban villages" are distinguished from their counterparts by the villagers' tightly-knitted family relations, legitimate land-use rights, the demographic composition characterized by dominance of landlord/tenant elements, and the existence of state-authorized administrative establishments.

中国的城中村现象与其他发展中国家的贫民窟皆导因於城市经济迅速发展吸引大量农村剩余劳动力前来，而政府却无力解决庞大低收入阶层廉租住宅问题所形成的违法营建现象，两者虽皆面临消防安全、环境品质与治安等问题，但城中村却又另有原村民间的血缘关系、土地合法使用权之持有、房东与房客组成的人口结构与村内特有之正式管理组织等异於一般发展中国家贫民窟的特点。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失