阶

Using augmented Dickey-Fuller test, the result shows that BDI logarithm series is nonstationary but the first difference is stationary, i. e. it is integrated of order one. High-level ARCH effect was certification in the BDI logarithm series by ARCH LM test, and GARCH (1, 1) model was used to eliminate the conditional heteroscedasticity. Through variance ratio test, the result shows, that the random walk hypothesis of BDI logarithm series can be rejected and international dry bulk shipping market is inefficient.

运用ADF检验方法对BDI的对数序列进行平稳性和单整检验，结果证明BDI对数序列是一个非平稳过程，经一阶差分后是平稳过程，即BDI对数序列是一阶单整过程；通过ARCH LM检验认为BDI对数序列存在高阶ARCH效应，并用GARCH(1，1)模型消除了残差序列的条件异方差性；通过方差比检验法对国际干散货航运市场的收益率序列进行了检验，结果显示BDI的对数序列的随机游走假设被拒绝，国际干散货航运市场不是一个有效的市场。

Twenty four anisometropic amblyopes and another 30 normal subjects were investigated by simultaneous recording of mVEP and mERG.

对多焦闪光同步记录的mERG、mVEP的一阶反应、二阶反应和多焦图形同步记录的mERG、mVEP的二阶反应分别进行弱视眼及其对侧眼的比较，并比较视网膜-皮层传导时间，将结果与正常对照比较。

The third-order optical nonlinearities and lime responses were measured by a phase conjugate forward, 3-dimensional degenerate, four-wave mixing technique. Comparing polymer's third-order NLO coefficient, it shows that the χsuperscript (3 value increasecs with the introduction of the azobenzol side-chain.

通过简并四波混频飞秒激光系统对各个接枝聚合物的三阶非线性极化率系数进行了测定，考察了偶氮侧链的引入对聚合物主链三阶非线性的影响，并考察了侧链上不同取代基的电子效应对主链三阶非线性的影响。

Kinds of Schiff base derivatives of 2-N-benzylidene Furanmethanamine have been designed. The Net Charges of main atoms, bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles, IR have been calculated by means of HyperChem6. 0 program. 36 kinds of Schiff base derivatives of benzylidene adenine have been designed. Also the net charges of main atoms, bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles, IR, the energy gap △E between HOMO and LUMO and the nonlinear second-order polarizability β have been calculated by means of HyperChem6. 0 program. The calculated results indicated that the nonlinear second-order polarizability β were up in accordance with the △E down.

设计了腺嘌呤缩苯甲醛36种衍生物，计算了这些分子的气相几何，腺嘌呤缩苯甲醛中各原子的电荷分布，最高占有轨道HOMO和最低未占有轨道LUMO的能量以及它们之间的能量差△E，同时还计算了这些分子的二阶非线性极化率β，我们发现腺嘌呤缩苯甲醛的二阶非线性光学系数与△E有近似一致的变化关系，随着△E的减小，二阶非线性光学系数有增大的趋势。

On strength computation,the finite element models of rotating mirror were established according to the real structure of the mirror,and the rotating three-faced beryllium mirror were analysed.Results display that the surface deformation magnitude of the mirror is approximately 0.334 6 μm,and the maximum stress is 0.204 GPa at 600 m/s of edge linear speeed.The regions of maximum stress are on the axial hole and symmetric to symmetrical planes of mirror body,and keep beelines to surfaces.On the modal analysis,the results show that the first and second modals of bending vibration exist around 3.4×105 r/min and 6.6×105 r/min,which appear binate and orthogonal respectively,and another modal belongs to the first torsional vibration that occurs by 5.13×105 r/min.

运用该方法得出转镜镜面变形量、内部应力分布和振动模态参量的定量数值：在边缘线速度600 m/s下，三面体铍转镜的最大变形量为约0.334 6 μm；最大应力0.204 GPa，位于轴孔附近并与镜面距离最短处；两个在互相垂直平面内的一阶弯曲振动模态发生在3.4×105 r/min附近，一阶扭振点位于5.13×105 r/min附近，两个二阶弯曲振动点位于6.6×105 r/min附近。

First,the determinant is regarded as a function of or- der n and denoted by D;Second,the determinant is expanded by row or by column,then the relation in both of Dand subdeterminants will be examined in details to set up certain a recursion,generally speaking,it must be a homogenous or a non homogenous recursion;fi- nally the coefficients of the general solution are found out with the aid.

给出了用递归关系方法求任意 n 阶行列式的值的一般方法：首先，把已知的 n 阶行列式看作为阶数 n 的一个函数，记为 D；其次，按行或按列展开这个行列式，并仔细观察存在于余子式及 D里的关系，建立关于 D的某一递归关系，此关系总为一个齐次的或非齐次的递归关系；最后，借助于 D(0)、D(1)和D(2)等求出递归关系的通解的系数。

Near the Panzhihua village,a few gullies and the crests between them are dextrally offset by the Mengzidongshan fault with a displacement of 40～50m,other gullies are incised 10m in depth in piedmont alluvial fans.

冲沟在山前形成了年龄分别为31kaBP和39kaBP的2级洪积阶地，呈现出年轻阶地位错量大于老阶地的反常现象。

In chapter Ⅰ, a historial review of structure control is given; In chapter Ⅱ, A discussion of the controllability and observablity of flexible structures is given, Two kinds of controllability and observablity index are defined, and applied to actuator allocation; chapter Ⅲ considers the reduction of high order flexible structure mode; the content of chapter Ⅳ is about the basic problem of distributed parameter control system design. It is proved that a stable controllor in mode space may be unstable in real use in distributed paramater systems, also, by closed loop mode concept, a pole assignment method of flexible structure controllor design is given; chapter Ⅴ is about the low-authority controllor design, it is pointed out by use of high order eigenvalue/eigenvector perturbation, a better controllor can be designed; chapter Ⅳ considers flexible structure reduced order control; chapter Ⅶ disscusses the basic problem of flexible structure computer control, analyses discreate controllablity and observablity and its computing, the sample period and coefficient wordlength; chapter Ⅷ is on the problem of low flexibility compensation; chapter Ⅸ is a design example.

在第一章简要回顾了挠性结构控制的历史，并且指出控制中的一些问题；第二章讨论了挠性结构的能控性与能观性，定义了两类能控性程度和能观性程度指标，还将能控性程度概念应用于执行器位置的确定；第三章论述了高阶模型的降价问题，比较了适于挠性结构模型降阶的方法，指出其适用范围；第四章内容是分布参数系统设计的基本问题，首先证明在模态空间中设计的稳定的控制器在实际分布系统上可能是不稳定的，进而根据闭环模态的概念，获得挠性结构控制器设计的极点配置方法；第五章的内容是关于低权控制器的设计问题，指出利用特征值高价摄动和特征向量的摄动，可以设计出更加完善的低权控制器；第六章讨论挠性结构降阶控制问题；第七章讨论挠性结构计算机控制的基本问题，分析了时间离散化模型的能控性和能观性及其计算问题，讨论了采样周期选择和系数字长问题；第八章讨论低挠性结构的补偿问题；第九章的设计例子用来说明第二章和第四章的结果。

Under the affecting of longitudinal and latitudinal wind stress together, longitudinal wind stress of zero class that is symmetrical to equator has no effects on equations. Nevertheless, longitudinal wind stress of one class that is dissymmetric to equator changes the result and makes longitudinal flow not equal to zero.

在经向风应力和纬向风应力的联合驱动下海洋会有不同的响应，零阶的经向风应力也即对赤道对称的经向风应力没有影响到最后结果，而只有一阶的经向风应力也即对赤道反对称的经向风应力，或者说具有辐合辐散的经向风应力对最后的速度场和位势场造成影响，而且一阶经向速度也不再为零。

One is a hierarchy of endogamous status groups –castes - constituted by rules of propriety and a division of labour among castes, a hierarchy from the lowest to the highest, the most polluted to the purest, in which aspiration to rise in the hierarchy can be realised by caste, or sub-caste mobility, through domination converted into caste, or by acquiring higher caste accomplishment and changing or disguising one's natal status.

一个是族内婚姻群体阶序——种姓制度——各种姓间要遵循等级适当原则和劳动等级分工。该阶序从最底等级到最高等级，最污浊等级到最纯洁等级。在该阶序中，等级上升的愿望可以通过种姓或亚种姓的改变而实现。改变种姓或亚种姓的方法有通过正式的皈依进入种姓，或者取得较高种姓的成就，以及改变或隐瞒其天生的等级地位。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。