阴离子的

30U、P30W、P30S1 and P30S2 were isolated from PIP30, and P60U、P60W、P60S1 and P60S2 were isolated from PIP60, and P1W、P1S1 and P1S2 were isolated from PIWE1-10, and P10W、P10S1 and P10S2 were isolated from PIWE10-100, and P100U、P100W、P100S1 and P100S2 were isolated from PIWE100 using DEAE Sepharose F. F. The proliferation rates of lymphocyte in vitro of each polysaccharide fractions obtained during the isolation and purification were detected in order to observe their immune activities. The results showed that crude polysaccharides both obtained from ethanol precipitation and ultrafiltrate had the promoting effects on lymphocyte proliferation in various degrees. P30U、P30W、P30S1、P30S2、P60U、P60W、P60S2、P1S1、P1S2、P10S1、P10S2、P100U、P100W、P100S1 and P100S2 had the promoting effects on lymphocyte proliferation.

IP30经阴离子交换层析(DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow)得到分级多糖P30U、P30W、P30S1和P30S2，PIP60经阴离子交换层析得到分级多糖P60U、P60W、P60S1和P60S2，PIWE1-10经阴离子交换层析得到分级多糖P1W、P1S1和P1S2，PIWE10-100经阴离子交换层析得到分级多糖P10W、P10S1和P10S2，PIWE100经阴离子交换层析得到分级多糖P100U、P100W、P100S1和P100S2；采用体外刺激淋巴细胞增殖实验对离子柱分级分离的多糖进行活性实验表明P30U、P30W、P30S1、P30S2、P60U、P60W、P60S2、P1S1、P1S2、P10S1、P10S2、P100U、P100W、P100S1和P100S2是有活性的。P60W、P60S1、P1S1、P10S1和P100S1经凝胶柱(Sephacryl S系列材料)层析获得五个纯多糖组分P60w1、P60s1、P1SP1、P10SP1和P100SP1。

Double chain naphthyurea/thiourea piperazine derivatives complex with linear dicarboxylate anions with a high stability constant and 1∶1 stoichiometry of the complex-and the complex was formed through six hydrogen bonds.2 Photophysical behaviors and anion binding of three N,N-dimethylaminochalcone derivatives were studied.

二研究了三种N，N-二甲基氨基查耳酮衍生物的光物理行为及与阴离子的结合能力。4'位不同的取代基-氨基和苯脲基对查耳酮的的分子内电荷转移能力有一定的影响，它们减弱了查耳酮衍生物的分子内电荷转移能力，导致发射光谱蓝移。

XRD indicated that the replacement of the terephthalate anion by the polytungstate anion had little effect on the structure.

结果表明，经过同多钨酸根阴离子的交换以后，垂直于水滑石层板方向的平行层板方向的晶格参数值变小，平行层板方向的晶格参数值不变，(003)、(006)、(009)衍射峰处的层间距值比为3：2：1；交换过程没有改变水滑石的结构，水滑石原位生长在γ-Al2O3表面及内孔，比表面积由γ-Al2O3载体的219m2/g增加到247m2/g，孔径分布则由原来的2～11nm变化为3～4nm。

XRD indicated that the replacement of the terephthalate anion by the polytungstate anion had little effect on the structure.

结果表明，经过同多钨酸根阴离子的交换以后，垂直于水滑石层板方向的平行层板方向的晶格参数值变小，平行层板方向的晶格参数值不变，(003)、(006)、(009)衍射峰处的层间距值比为3：2：1；交换过程没有改变水滑石的结构，水滑石原位生长在γ-Al2O3表面及内孔，比表面积由γ-Al2O3载体的219平方公尺/g增加到247平方公尺/g，孔径分布则由原来的2~11nm变化为3~4nm。

Adjacent helical chains are racemic. The Ag atom is linked to two nitrogen atoms of the 2-pyridyl and 4'-pyridyl groups from two different 2,4'-bpy ligands as well as to the oxygen atom of the counterion. In 17 and 19, the adjacent helical chains are linked to wavy two-dimensional network structures by the nitrate counterions.

相邻的螺旋链间是外消旋的，Ag 原子与分别来自两个不同2，4'-联吡啶的2-吡啶基和4'-吡啶基的氮原子以及阴离子的氧原子配位，在配合物17和19中，相邻聚合螺旋链被硝酸根离子桥连接起来，变成了一个波浪形的二维网络结构；配合物18是首次通过无桥连配体支持的Ag ××× Ag键将相邻螺旋链连接成二维非穿插的网络结构。

Antioxidative activity of flavonoids from Lespedeza bicolor were investigated by examining the scavenging effects on hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion O2(superscript - and the inhibitions on auto-oxidation of lard, rape seed oil, and linoleic acid, The results showed that LBF had significant scavenging functions to free radical and superoxide anion, and the scavenging effect increased with the increase of the content of LBF; LEF can remarkably inhibit auto-oxidation of lard, rape seed oil, and linoleic acid, indicating its potential as a natural antioxidant.

通过二色胡枝子黄酮(Lespedeza bicolor flavonoids， LBF)清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子的效果及抑制猪油、菜油、和亚油酸的自氧化来研究二色胡枝子黄酮的抗氧化活性。其研究结果表明，二色胡枝子黄酮对清除自由基有显著性作用，且清除率随黄酮浓度的增加而增大；能够极显著地抑制猪油、菜油、亚油酸的自氧化(P.01)，抑制作用随浓度的增大而增强。作为天然的抗氧化剂，二色胡枝子黄酮具有一定的开发利用价值。

Most of water-soluble cyanine dyes have -SO3H and –COOH in their molecules, which will influence the biomolecules' functional characters. A new kind of water-soluble cyanine dyes with several cations in molecules were designed and synthesized, preparation conditions of intermediate and dyes were researched and optimized, the yield of dye is 25%. The novel kind of cyanine dye are water-soluble , spectrum characters was researched , all the dyes were charactered by 1H NMR and TOF-MS, spectrum in different solvent of novel dyes were focused on, one of the kind dyes show higher fluorescence quantum yield than the result reported. Because of several cations in the structure, it is promising when used in DNA assay and other bio-assay field.

大多数水溶性的菁类荧光染料分子结构中都带有-SO3H和-COOH等基团，过多的阴离子的引入容易造成对生物分子的功能属性的影响，本论文设计并合成了分子结构中带有多个正电荷的水溶性的一类新型菁染料，考察并且研究了中间体和染料的合成条件，最终的目标产物产率达到25％，染料通过了质谱和核磁的表征，新型的染料具有良好的水溶性，研究了新染料在多种溶剂的的光谱性质，其中一种染料的在水中的荧光量子产率比文献报道得到了提高，由于富集了正电荷，这类菁染料在DNA标记等生物中有一定应用前景。

The structures of borates and borophosphates are primarily influenced by polyanions,and in borates M_xB_yA_z the number of coordination of B atoms increases with theelectronegativity of A atoms.

硼酸盐及硼磷酸盐的结构主要来自聚阴离子的影响，A代硼酸盐中，A的电负性越大，B的共价配位数越高。

The scavenging effect of polyphenols extracted from grape seeds such as monomers, dimers and trimers on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals is studied with the ESR spin trapping method. The results are comparable with those obtained from chemiluminescence method. It has been proved that polyphenols extracted from grape seeds have a strong scavenging effect on Oxygen free radicals. Probably this is the reason why drinking some grape wine every day is good for one's health.

用ESR自旋捕集技术研究了从葡萄籽分离的单体、二聚体和三聚体等多酚类物质对羟基自由基和超氧阴离子的精除作用，并与化学发光法的测定结果进行了比较，得到了较一致的结果，证明葡萄籽中多酚类物质对氧自由基的确有较好的清除作用，这很可能是喝少量葡萄酒有利于身体健康的原因。

In this paper, a series of lipophilic metal phthalocyanine derivatives were synthesized and used as the carriers for PVC membrane electrodes, the anion response properties of the resulting membranes were investigated, and the response mechanism of the electrodes was also studied.

本文合成了一系列脂溶性的金属酞菁，用作制备PVC膜电极的载体，考察了其对阴离子的响应性能，并对电极的响应机理进行了研究。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。