阴离子的

These phenomena are explained as follows thatduring the hydration of α-hemihydrate gypsum, cations have significance influence on theζpotential of α-hemihydrate gypsum, thereby the dispersed state and the dissolving ratesof α-hemihydrate gypsum are changed. But anions have slight influence because it isdifficult that anions enter the double-layer.

产生这一现象的主要原因是：在α半水石膏的水化硬化过程中，阳离子对α半水石膏的ζ电位产生较大影响，从而改变了α半水石膏颗粒的分散程度和溶解速度；而阴离子很难进入双电层，因此对水化过程的影响较小。

At last, after all these researches, ILs were finally proved to promote the reaction on the improvement of catalytical activity and selectivity.

这一效果的产生，是整个离子液体助催化剂共同产生的，并不是单独的阴离子和阳离子所能的达到的效果。

It was also found that inorganic and organic anions restrained strongly with molybdate removal, but organic cations accelerated the molybdate removal.

研究也发现，溶液中存在的无机和有机阴离子均对钼的去除效果产生不同程度的抑制作用，而阳离子却能显著的促进水中钼的去除。

Nine multiparous and 12 primiparous cows were fed diets containing an anionic salt supplement and moderate Ca (0.99%) or high Ca (1.50%) concentrations for 21 d prepartum to determine the effects of dietary Ca concentration on serum and urine electrolytes and on postpartum intake and milk yield.

通过产前21天连续给予9只经产和12只初产的奶牛喂食含有阴离子盐补充剂和中等浓度（0.99%）或高浓度（1.50%）钙的饲粮来检测饲粮中钙的浓度对血清中和尿中电解质的影响以及对产后采食量和牛奶产量的影响。

In this paper the thymus DNA of calf and the pBs plasmid are the main objects of our studies in ultraweak luminescence. By means of PIAS(Photon-counting image acquisition), ultraweak luminescence detector and Lambda Bio 40 of UV/VIS spectrophotometer, we studied the UL of DNA induced by the three oxygen free radicals: singlet oxygen Oa, hydroxy radical and superoxide anion(O2 ). We found that the OH can greatly increase the UL intensity of DNA.

本论文以小牛胸腺DNA和质粒pBs为实验材料，利用光子图像探测系统(Photon-counting image acquistion，PIAS)、微弱发光测量仪和UV／VIS分光光度计和生物统计学的成组比较法原理对单线态氧(~1O_2)、羟自由基、超氧阴离子(O_2~-)三种氧自由基诱导DNA超弱发光的变化过程进行了研究，结果发现这三种氧自由基中·OH能诱导DNA的超弱发光发生显著的增强变化，而其他两种氧自由基对DNA的超弱发光并无显著诱导作用。

In this thesis, a totally new type of chiral heteropolyanion, [Sb_5_(10)Mo_5O_(26)]~(7-), has been isolated as racemic compound 1. The racemate was further resolved into enantiomerically pure crystals L-2 and R-2 by addition of organic units.

本文我们得到了一个由新的手性多阴离子[Sb_5_(10)Mo_5O_(26)]~(7-)构筑的外消旋体1，通过向外消旋体1的溶液中加入有机基团，实现了对外消旋体1的拆分得到了纯旋光活性化合物2，即L-2和R-2。

Theoretical results, which are in good agreement with the experimental work, suggest that the stable ability of doped c-ZrO2 could be described qualitative by the Coulomb repulsive force of neighboring oxygen ions.

即c-ZrO2 的稳定作用可定性描述为近邻氧离子之间Mulliken电荷的库伦排斥力的大小，且此方法也可成功的应用于解释第三相阴离子或阳离子掺杂c-ZrO2复合材料的稳定机理。

The crystal structure analyses of 5-7 reveal that the position of the substitutive second metal in the Keggin anion plays an important role in the structures of the compounds.

其中，5、6和7的单晶结构分析表明Keggin型杂多酸阴离子上单取代的位置对化合物的结构有着较大的影响。

The results showed that:The reductions in the shoot and root dry weights, leaf area,stern diameter of grafted plants were lower than those of ungrafted plants under the same NaCl stress.Na~+,MDA,H_2O_2 contents,O_2~- producing rate,Na~+/K~+ ratio, Na~+/Ca~(2+) ratio were lower,whereas K~+,solube sugar,shoot water content,SOD,POD, CAT,APX activity,the stability of AsA/DHA,Photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in the leaf of grafted plants were higher than those of ungrafted plants at the same NaCl stress.Intercellular CO_2 concentration of grafted plants decreased whereas that of ungrafted plants increased significantly under salt stress.

结果表明，盐胁迫下，嫁接苗地上部和根干重、叶面积、茎粗受抑制的程度显著低于自根苗；嫁接苗叶片中Na~+、MDA、H_2O_2含量、超氧阴离子产生速率、Na~+/K~+和Na~+/Ca~(2+)比值显著低于自根苗，而叶片中K~+含量、可溶性糖含量、地上部含水量、SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性、AsA/DHA的稳定性、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著高于自根苗；嫁接苗的胞间CO_2浓度显著下降，自根苗的则显著上升。

Due to the condition of electroneutrality, the transport of cations and anions through IEMs showed coupling characteristics, which reduced the fluxes of univalent salts.

由于电中性条件的限制，阳离子和阴离子透过膜的迁移具有耦合的特性，因而降低了一价盐分的通量。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。