阴离子的

However the addition order of tartrate and phosphate on activity of enzyme adsorbed by goethite produced the greatest impact.

胶体表面类型（硅氧烷表面或羟基化表面）及阴离子配体对胶体表面负电荷的贡献量在酶的吸附及活性保持中的重要性；B阴离子配体后加入时酶的吸附量一般比配体先加入时的高；C）配体加入顺序对二氧化锰的影响最显著，对砖红壤和高岭石的居中；对针铁矿的次之；对黄棕壤的最小。D）乙酸或草酸加入顺序对高岭石上固定化酶比活性的影响最大，而酒石酸或磷酸则对针铁矿影响最大。

Under the instruction of above-mentioned theoretical results, in the thesis chapter 10, the strongly electron-withdrawing anion, C_5O_5~(2-)[dianion of croconic acid (4,5-dihydroxycyclopent-4- ene-1,2,3-trione)], was chosen as the chelator to coordinate with boron to form lithium salt, which will yield high ionic conductivity solutions, and exhibit wide electrochemical stability windows and high thermal stability. As described in the chapter, two new lithium salts containing C_5O_5~(2-), lithium bisborate and its novel derivative, lithium borate for Li-ion battery electrolytes were synthesized.

在上述理论结果的指导下，论文第十章选择了克酮酸二价阴离子——具有很强的酸性、较好的芳香性、较大的电荷分散性、形成的配合阴离子具有较显著的共轭性——作为配体与B配位，合成了二种新的锂盐，通过实验测定了它们的结构和在有机溶剂中的溶解性。

Can induce the reaction of cleavage H atom from methyl on the ring of deactivated toluenes,such as nitrotoluene. The carbanions caused by base are the very important reaction intermediums, which determined the reaction rate and reaction effect.

该反应体系中，NaOH的加入对此催化反应起着相当关键的作用，研究表明强碱也能像温度一样促进苯环卜甲基的摘氢速度，使底物形成相应的硝基苯甲基阴离子，稳定的硝基苯甲基阴离子是氧化反应进行的重要中间体。

Synchronous fluorescence showed that the addition of POM could enhance the fluorescence intensity of CV, which was explained in terms of the hindrance of the formation of the nonfluorescent twisted intramolecular charge transfer states of CV by the assembled POM-CV system, and the surfactant CTAB could enhance the luminescence by coordinated assembly.

具有同样Keggin结构的4种稀土杂多阴离子与结晶紫的作用总体一致，稀土元素不同体系的光活性会表现出一定的差异。实验证实，阳离子表面活性剂CTAB的存在会进一步增强体系的发光活性。三者协同作用，形成了更稳定的杂多阴离子－CV-CTAB三元超分子体系，而β-CD的存在对稀土杂多酸盐与结晶紫的超分子体系稳定不利。

In addition, the invention further relates to a catalyzer combination used for polymerizing a conjugated dialkene monomer and the anions of an optional mono-vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon into a polydiene polymer having high and medium vinyl content. The catalyzer combination comprises an organolithium compound used as an anionic polymerization initiator, at least an alkali metal alkoxide compound expressed by the formula as a structure regulator.

此外，本发明还涉及一种用于将共轭二烯烃单体和任选的单乙烯基芳烃阴离子聚合成具有中高乙烯基含量的聚二烯聚合物的催化剂组合物，其包含作为阴离子聚合引发剂的有机锂化合物，和作为结构调节剂的至少一种式所示的碱金属醇盐化合物。

The molecular designs and synthesis of triarylamine-based picolinic acid derivatives used as ancillary ligands, and their cyclometalated iridium complexes used as red-and green-emitters, as well as optoelectronics properites of these compounds were investigated in order to solve current problems of organic/polymeric electroluminescent materials and devices.

本论文针对目前有机/聚合物电致磷光材料和器件存在的问题，开展了新型三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体及其红光和绿光环金属铱配合物电致磷光材料的分子设计、合成和光电性能研究，主要包括：(1)设计、合成了三种新型的三芳胺吡啶羧酸类双齿阴离子型辅助配体；(2)以三芳胺吡啶羧酸衍生物作为双齿阴离子型辅助配体，合成得到了两个系列的红光和绿光环金属铱配合物；(3)研究了三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体分子结构对环金属配合物的紫外吸收和光致发光性能的影响；(4)以环金属配合物为客体，聚芴和恶二唑衍生物为主体，制作了聚合物电磷光器件，研究了含三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体、环金属配合物客体材料和聚合物主体材料等分子结构对电致发光性能的影响。

The effects of solution\'s pH value, mol ratio between phenyl aldehyde and L-Arginine, concentrations of sodium chloride, ammonia chloride andL-Lystine, initial concentration of L-Arginine on precipitation rate of a -tolylene arginine were investigated, the results indicated that phenyl aldehyde precipitation method\'s appropriate pH value was higher than 11, suitable mol ratio between phenyl aldehyde and L-Arginine was 1.25, initial concentration of L-Arginine was must higher than 15g/L, sodium chloride had little effect on precipitation rate, on the contrary, ammonia chloride and L-Lystine had great effect on it, both of them must be eliminated; At the same time, adsorption isotherm at 25 C of L-Lystine on anion exchange resin A was measured, the result showed that the maximal equilibrium adsorbance was 30mg/g, the influences of solution\'s pH value, temperature, concentration of chloride ion on adsorption of L-Lystine by anion exchange resin A were also studied, the results indicated that appropriate operational pH value was 0.5 0.2, the effect of temperature on adsorption ratio was little, process could be operated at room temperature, the concentration of chloride ion must be eliminated.

考察了溶液pH值、苯甲醛与L-精氨酸摩尔比、氯化钠与氯化铵浓度、L-赖氨酸浓度、L-精氨酸初始浓度对苯甲醛沉淀L-精氨酸的影响，结果表明，沉淀反应的适宜pH值大于11，苯甲醛与L-精氨酸的适宜摩尔比为1.25，(来源：Aa6BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)L-精氨酸适宜的初始浓度在15g/L以上，氯化钠的存在对沉淀率基本上没有影响，而氯化铵和L-赖氨酸的存在使沉淀率下降；同时测定了25℃时阴离子交换树脂A吸附L-赖氨酸的吸附等温线，表明其最大平衡吸附量为30mg/g，考察了溶液pH值、温度、氯离子浓度对阴离子交换树脂A吸附脱除L-赖氨酸的影响，结果显示从L-精氨酸和L-赖氨酸混合液中吸附分离出L-赖氨酸的适宜pH值为10.5±0.2，温度对L-赖氨酸吸附率影响不大，吸附过程可在室温下进行，氯离子的存在使L-赖氨酸的吸附率降低。

One valley lied between two peaks(flower beginning period and fruit maturating period).When meeting blood serum,the electron on the ring B-C and A-C of quercetin molecule would move and make -OHs of Ring B and A ionizated and one anion with double negative charge would present.

遇到血清时，槲皮素分子结构中的B环和C环、A环和C环形成的两套共轭体系中的电子，发生转移并使酚羟基解离，形成带双负电荷的阴离子，此阴离子将与人血白蛋白结构中结合位点上的氨基酸残基以离子键的形式结合。

Therefore,it is necessary to develop new routes to prepare anion exchange membranes without such chloromethylation process.As for cation exchange membranes, mostly-perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers,such as Nafion~ series,have been wildly used due to their high proton conductivity and substantial durability.

对于强碱性的阴离子交换膜的制备，由于传统路线中的卤甲基化步骤中不可避免的采用强致癌物质二氯甲醚，因此无论是从经济成本还是环境保护方面，开发不采用氯甲基化步骤的阴离子交换膜制备方法是目前的一个迫切要求。

With regard to anion exchange membranes,the traditional preparation method involves a much complicated process—chloromethylation,in which the commonly used chloromethyl methyl ether and bis-chloromethylether are now considered carcinogens.Therefore,it is necessary to develop new routes to prepare anion exchange membranes without such chloromethylation process.As for cation exchange membranes, mostly-perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers,such as Nafion~?

对于强碱性的阴离子交换膜的制备，由于传统路线中的卤甲基化步骤中不可避免的采用强致癌物质二氯甲醚，因此无论是从经济成本还是环境保护方面，开发不采用氯甲基化步骤的阴离子交换膜制备方法是目前的一个迫切要求。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。