阴极电流

Compared with the conventional cold cathode glow discharge, the hot cathode glow discharge is a new type of gas discharge. It has many new characters, one of which is that the discharge current is quite high-about

相对于常规冷阴极辉光放电而百，热阴极辉光放电是一种新型放电形式，具有许多新的特性，其中重要一点是具有较高的放电电流(6.0~10.0A)。

That is less copper anion in the environment. PASP has the effect of corrosion inhibition in hydrochloric acid solution. In addition the potation of cathode summit current turned negative as increasing PASP concentration, and the potential of anode summit current turned positive, it can constrain the corrosion of copper. That is to say PASP is a mixed corrosion inhibitor and can constrain the corrosion of copper surface.

循环伏安测试结果表明： PASP的加入同时抑制了铜表面的阴阳极反应，使阴极峰和阳极峰电流都减弱，说明此环境中的铜离子的含量较少，PASP对铜在盐酸中有缓蚀作用；另外阴极峰电位随着PASP添加浓度的增大而依次变负，而阳极峰电位依次变正，抑制了铜的腐蚀，说明PASP是混合型缓蚀剂，有效地阻止了铜表面的腐蚀。

The results show that catholic reduction of pyrolusite can be conducted, but the reduction rate is low. The effects of temperature to pyrolusite reduction on the cathode are remarkable. The exchange current density increases with the increase of temperature. The presence of irons is favorable to reduce pyrolusite.

结果表明软锰矿粒可以在阴极上还原，但所占比例较少，温度对软锰矿影响量大，软锰矿在石墨阴极还原的交换电流密度随温度的升高而增大，阴极极化的传递系数很小，添加铁离子有利于软锰矿的还原。

Simulation results also show that saddle-shaped distributed AMF can more effectively inhibit constriction of vacuum arc.

对于小电流扩散态真空电弧，重点仿真分析不同电弧电流与不同纵向磁场对其关键特性的影响，部分仿真结果进行了实验验证；对离子处于超音速流动的收缩态真空电弧的仿真表明，真空电弧的磁收缩主要是由于霍尔效应引起的，离子温度和电子温度沿轴向先增大后减小，马鞍形分布的纵向磁场能够更有效地抑制真空电弧的收缩，而且阴极斑点分布对真空电弧特性也有着显著的影响；对离子处于亚音速流动状态的大电流真空电弧的仿真表明，部分等离子体不能到达阳极而损失，马鞍形分布的纵向磁场能够更有效地抑制电弧等离子体的损失，同时能使阳极电流密度和能流密度的分布更加均匀。

The impregnated cathodes with sub-micron scandia doped tungsten matrix exhibited excellent emission property. The current densities of more than 30 A/cm^2 at 850℃ b could be obtained, and the emission homogeneity was improved with the ordinary scandate cathode.

湿法冶金方法制备的亚微米结构钪钨基扩散阴极850℃时电流密度可达47A/平方公分，且阴极表面的发射均匀性较普通钪酸盐阴极有明显的改善。

As a result, to chang the current density, pH have huge influence on cathodal overvoltage, to alter electrolyte concentration have little influence on cathodal overvoltage, and to chang the overvoltage will change the dimension of the powder directly.

结果表明：电流密度、pH值的改变对阴极过电位影响显著，电解液浓度的改变对阴极过电位无显著影响；而过电位的变化直接引起粉体粒径的变化；在阴极过电位高的条件下。

This paper describes the distribution of potentials and current densities and the chemical changes in the presence of cathodic protection,the mechanism of cathodic protection against crevice corrosion,the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion of pipeline steel beneath disbonded coatings.

综述了在有阴极保护的条件时剥离涂层下缝隙内电位电流的分布和化学环境的变化、阴极保护防止缝隙腐蚀的机理、微生物腐蚀的机理以及前人提出的关于剥离涂层下微生物腐蚀与阴极保护相互作用的规律，并展望了对于解决剥离涂层下微生物腐蚀难题需进一步的实验研究

The key difference between hot cathode glow discharge and conventional cold cathode glow discharge is that the cathode is in a hot state with the temperature about 700～1600℃ in a hot cathode glow discharge.

热阴极直流辉光放电区别于常规冷阴极辉光放电的关键之处在于，在辉光放电过程中，阴极处于700-1600℃的&热&状态，并且放电电流大，工作气压高。

The diamond film deposition experiments with hot cathode glow discharge PCVD shows that the cathode temperature has no apparent influence on deposition rate and film quality. With the increase of gas pressure, the gas density, electron temperature, gas dissociation rate in the plasma region change differently.

在热阴极辉光放电PCVD沉积金刚石膜中，适当的阴极温度是保证大电流、高气压辉光放电稳定工作的必要条件，它影响着辉光放电阴极位降区的放电性质，但对金刚石膜的沉积速率和膜品质基本没有影响。

The main research work of this dissertation is as follows: Based on the chemical reaction engineering theory and the nitrobenzene electroreduction mechanism, the plate and frame electrolyzer was designed and applied to the process of electroreduction nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol. This dissertation measured the residence time distribution data of the electrolyzer by means of the pulse response method and studied the rule of flow pattern along with the current capacity change. Under different conditions ,this dissertation studied the cyclic voltammetry properties of nitrobenzene on different electrodes by means of the dynamic cyclic voltammetry method and the electrode materials applied to the NB electroreduction have been selected primarily.Baseed on the results of cyclic voltammetry tests, this dissertation used p-electrode systems to measure the steady-state- polarization curves of nitrobenzene on different electrodes in H-type diaphragm cell, and obtained each primary factor s influence rule and the exchange current density value of each electrode.And then on the basis of the conclusions of fundamental researchs upword, the effects of influence factors on the the yield of p-aminophenol and the current efficiency,such as electrode material, current density, quantity of electricity circulated, nitrobenzene concentration . sulpuric acid concentration and so on, have been studied in detail in the systems of hign temperature , strong acidity and oxygen-poorthrough a series of electrolysis experiments in this paper.After all using Pb as anode Monel metal as cathode Dupont Nafion 417 cation-exchange membrane as membrane, this dissertation obtained the optimum technological condition: reaction temperature about 85C, current density 500A m-2, sulphuric acid concentration 20%wt.

论文的主要研究工作为：运用化学反应工程理论，结合硝基苯的电还原机理，设计出用于硝基苯直接电还原合成对氨基苯酚实验的板框式电解槽，并利用脉冲响应法测定了该板框式电解槽的停留时间分布数据，研究了流型随流量变化的规律；通过动态循环伏安法研究了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的循环伏安特性，初步评选出了用于硝基苯电还原的电极材料；结合循环伏安的测定结果，在H型隔膜电解槽中采用三电极体系测定了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的稳态极化曲线，得到了各主要因素的影响规律及硝基苯在各个电极上电还原的交换电流密度数值；在基础研究结论指导下，采用板框式电解槽，在高温、强酸、贫氧系统中，进行了一系列的电解实验，分别考察了电极材料、电流密度、通电量、硝基苯浓度、硫酸浓度等因素对收率及电流效率的影响，最终选择以蒙乃尔合金电极作为阴极、铅合金为阳极、Dupont Nofion 417阳离子交换膜为隔膜，得到由硝基苯直接电还原制对氨基苯酚的最佳电解工艺条件：反应温度85℃，电流密度500A·m~(-2)，硫酸浓度20％wt。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。