阳离子的

Salty and sour directly transduction by apical channels that are non-gated channel or chemically-gated channel. Bitter compounds in saliva activate particular T2R/TRB isoforms which activate gustducin heterotimers, activated α-gustducin stimulates PDE to hydrolyze cAMP, the decreased cAMP may disinhibit cyclic nucleotide-inhibited channels to elevate intracellular Ca2+.

咸和酸直接通过顶部非门控或化学门控离子通道转导唾液中的苦味化合物激活T2R/TRB同型体，激活导致味导素异聚体的激活，被激活的α-味导素又激活PDE，PDE水解cAMP，cAMP水平的降低使环核苷酸抑制的阳离子通道去抑制，从而使细胞内Ca2+升高。

Bitter compounds in saliva activate particular T2R/TRB isoforms which activate gustducin heterotimers, activated α-gustducin stimulates PDE to hydrolyze cAMP, the decreased cAMP may disinhibit cyclic nucleotide-inhibited channels to elevate intracellular Ca2+.

唾液中的苦味化合物激活T2R/TRB同型体，这种激活导致味导素异聚体的激活，被激活的α-味导素又激活PDE，PDE水解cAMP，cAMP水平的降低使环核苷酸抑制的阳离子通道去抑制，从而使细胞内Ca2+升高。

The structures of the isomers were assigned by using 2D NMR techniques such as gCOSY. Comparing to the eluates from the chromatographic column, the first band contains the m2, the second band contains the ml.

利用一维及二维核磁共振(2D NMR)技术，结合三元胺中吡啶环的磁屏蔽效应，对两个异构体在溶液中的结构进行了解析，对应于Dowex 50Wx 2柱色层分离的第一包带的H离子为n2(cmen的2位胺基与Cl处于邻位)：第二色带的阳离子为ml。

Main contents of the course includes: related conceptions, matter of soil, soil texture, soil organic matter, soil humus, soil structure, soil moisture, soil air, soil acidity and soil alkalinity, soil colloid, cation exchange, soil former soil-forming process, soil classification, distributions and properties of soil great group in China (fores soil, steppe soil, main non-zonal soil, paddy soil, etc), soil erosion, soil contamination, soil utilization, conservation of soil resource, soil investigation, etc.

土壤地理学是地理科学专业的主要基础课程之一，是一门必修课程；要求掌握土壤地理学基本的理论、知识和方法；主要内容有：有关概念、土壤组成物质、土壤质地、土壤有机质、土壤腐殖质、土壤结构、土壤水分、土壤空气、土壤酸碱性、土壤胶体、土壤阳离子交换、土壤形成因素、土壤形成过程、土壤分类、中国主要土壤类型（森林土壤、草原土壤、主要的非地带性土壤、水稻土等）的分布及其性质、土壤侵蚀、土壤污染、土壤资源的利用与保护、土壤调查研究等。

This article introduces the development of antibiotic and disinfectant hand cleaner with skin-cared effect, on the precondition of its disinfectant effect, by treating with contents of trace of copper sulfate, dramatically enhancing the effectiveness of disinfection in cationic surfactants with cetylpyridinium chloride, and avoiding treating with other special sterilizations for disinfection.

在保证杀菌效果的前提下，通过添加微量硫酸铜的办法，对阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基吡啶氯化铵的杀菌能力进行大幅增效，使得消毒杀菌洗手液中不再添加其他专用消毒剂。并通过选择温和表面活性剂复配、限制表面活性剂总量等办法，最大程度地减少消毒杀茵洗手液对皮肤的损害。再辅添芦荟浸膏等护肤成分对皮肤进行修复和保湿。由此研制出具有良好杀菌、护肤和去污效果的护肤型消毒杀菌洗手液

The larger basal spacing (d001) of HDTMA-bentonite corresponds to the formation of bilayers in which the long-chained surfactant cations are in direct contact with each other10, leading to the formation of organic phases consisting mostly of the C16 hydrocarbon groups into which solutes are partitioned.

Surfactant阳离子是在径直的联系有各自的other10，领导的到阶段由……组成主要地C16烃组的形成，到哪个溶解物的分割。

CTAB could form well-stabilized films on the surface of HPAM solution, this process is dependent on the linear density and conformation of the polymer chain; it is reasonable to suppose that a complex, which is surface active, was formed between CTAB and HPAM.

阳离子表面活性剂能在HPAM水溶液的表面成膜，表面活性剂的成膜能力与它本身的HLB有关，还与亚相中HPAM的线性电荷密度以及高分子在溶液中的分子构象有关。

Greenhouse soils displayed apparent phenomena of salt accumulation in topsoil (0–20cm) and salt leaching downwards to the bottom of the soil (80–100cm), especially NO3- that seriously affected the quality of groundwater in the area. Apart from HCO3-, the contents of NO3-、SO42、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+ were increased to different degree in greenhouse soils, and NO3-、SO42- and Ca2+ were the major ions in the soils.

此外，盐分离子的大量累积和向底层迁移，特别是NO3-的淋溶已严重影响到部分地区的地下水水质。4）设施栽培后，土壤中的NO3-、SO42-、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+均有不同程度的累积，阴离子以NO3-和SO42-为主，阳离子以Ca2+为主。

The wide ionic substitution in NZP materials makes their physical properties tailorable to meet application needs when changing the composition. Thermal expansion behavior of NZP ceramics is one example.

NZP型陶瓷材料的最大特点在其晶体结构中，三种阳离子(Na/sup +/，Zr/sup 4+/，P/sup 5+/)的晶格位置都有广大的取代空间，使得NZP型材料可以藉由成分的变换，来调整其物理性质，以配合实际应用上的需求。

The results are:(1) The higher of altitude,the less of soil acidity in soil C horizon at Dinghushan;(2) There are more NH4-N,total K,available K, exchangeable K,exchangeable Na,exchangeable Mg and the content of exchangeable cations in lateritic red soil at low altitude than those in yellow soil at high altitude;(3) With increasing altitude,the contents of sio2 and Mn decrease,and the concentrations of this two minerals in lateritic red soil are higher than those in yellow soil.

结果为：（1）鼎湖山土壤剖面C层随着海拔梯度的上升，土壤酸度降低。（2）鼎湖山位于海拔低的赤红壤的NH4-N，全钾，速效钾，交换性Na，交换性钾，交换性Mg和阳离子含量比位于海拔高的黄壤的对应养分含量要高。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。