阳离子的

This thesis consists of three main parts of the research work on the syntheses, structures and reactivities of the olefin-coordinated transition metal carbene and carbyne complexes. In chapter 1, on the basis of our previous research works on the reacitivites of the cationic carbyne complexes of transition metals with metalcarbonyl anions, we explored the reactions of the cationic carbyne complexes of manganese (1) and rhenium (2) with polymetalcarbonyl anions, and developed a new method for the preparations of heternuclear trimetal bridging carbyne complexes.

本论文对烯烃配位的过渡金属卡宾和卡拜络合物的合成、结构和反应性能进行了研究，主要进行了如下三方面的工作：第一章在本小组过去的研究基础上，进一步考察锰和铼的阳离子卡拜络合物1和2与羰基金属阴离子化合物的反应，用来合成异核多金属桥卡拜络合物，发展合成多金属桥卡拜络合物的新方法和新路线。

The results indicated that the soil physical fertility characteristic of super high-production cornfield was high, mainly display in the topsoil was deep, soil bulk density changed between 1.01-1.26 g/cm3, disarrangement rate of soil structure was...

研究结果表明，超高产玉米田土壤物理肥力特性较高，主要表现在耕层较深厚，土壤容重变化在1.01～1.26g/cm3，土壤的结构破坏率较低；在土壤的化学环境特征方面，土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等均未表现出明显的变化规律；所有超高产田的土壤阳离子交换量均不同程度地高于普通生产田，这与超高产田的定向培育有直接关系；一些超高产田有机质低于普通生产田，其原因与超高产田氮素施用量较高、促进了土壤有机质矿化有关。

In this paper, firstly, a detail analysis、 study and discussion of the existing disposing-chlorine method were made, on this condition, a new method based on the way of oxidation and deoxidization was discussed, phosphoramidic acid chelate resin and DOOl cation exchange resin were chosen as framework materials, two kinds of new disposing-chlorine materials could be obtained by loading Fe~(2+) on the skeleton of the materials, the surplus residual chlorine was disposed by taking advantage of chlorine oxidizing Fe~(2+).

本文在对已有的余氯去除方法进行分析、研究、探讨的基础上，提出一种基于氧化还原方式的吸附除氯方法，实验以氨基磷酸螯合树脂和D001强酸性阳离子交换树脂为骨架材料，并对这两种材料载Fe~(2+)改性得到两种新型除氯剂，通过固载的Fe~(2+)与水中余氯(Cl_2、ClO~-、HClO)的氧化还原作用将水中的余氯除去。

Because both ions in A and B sites of these compounds can be substituted by other ions with different electrovalence and radius in a wide range, their dielectric property is adjustable and can be optimized in a large scale. This implies that new type MWDC with advanced dielectric property may be exploited from these compounds and widely used.

该类化合物由于A、B位均可能被电价与半径不同的阳离子在较宽的范围内取代，所以其介电性质有较大范围的调节与优化的可能性，因此从该类化合物中极有可能开发出具有广泛应用前景的新型高性能微波介质陶瓷材料。

The relationship between the orientation of tetrahedral [SO4]2- in sulfate crystals such as barite,anhydrite, epsomite and jarosite and their morphology was studied from the standpoint of crystal chemistry,and the formation inechanisin of their morphology was analysed according to the structural orientation of tetrahedral [SO4]2- and the bonding energy between [SO4]2- and metal ions [M2+] during growth.

本文从硫酸盐类晶体中负离子配位多面体的结晶方位和相互联结的稳定性出发，探讨了硫酸盐类晶体中[SO4]2-结晶方位与晶体结晶形貌之间的关系；认为[SO4]2-四面体与金属阳离子（Ba2+、Ca2+、Mg2+…）结合时，由于晶体结构和生长条件的不同，在晶体各族晶面上的叠合速率和取向不同；晶体的结晶形貌迥然有别。

The reaction characteristics of flocculus formed in the reaction of cationic polymer to hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and the mass ratio of cationic polymer to HPAM in complete reaction were investigated experimentally. The flocculus has good ability to reduce the core permeability and the capability of washout resistance.

室内实验结果表明，阳离子聚合物与阴离子聚合物发生反应可产生稳定的絮状沉淀，完全反应时阳、阴离子聚合物的质量比为 30∶1；当絮状沉淀的浓度较高时，它具有很好的携砂能力，絮状沉淀可使岩心的渗透率降低 88%以上，且具有良好的抗冲刷能力。

These phenomena are explained as follows thatduring the hydration of α-hemihydrate gypsum, cations have significance influence on theζpotential of α-hemihydrate gypsum, thereby the dispersed state and the dissolving ratesof α-hemihydrate gypsum are changed. But anions have slight influence because it isdifficult that anions enter the double-layer.

产生这一现象的主要原因是：在α半水石膏的水化硬化过程中，阳离子对α半水石膏的ζ电位产生较大影响，从而改变了α半水石膏颗粒的分散程度和溶解速度；而阴离子很难进入双电层，因此对水化过程的影响较小。

At last, HF/4-31G means was used to calculate the model molecules of the 4 complexes, the calculated results revealed the relationships between the bioactivity of Huperzine A analogues and the Mullicken Bonding Populations, Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital energies of HupA analogues.

四个复合物模型分子的量子化学研究结果揭示了化合物的生物活性与复合物中化合物和酶之间的Mullicken键级、活性状态化合物的LUMO轨道能量等量子化学参数之间的联系，初步指出了阳离子-π作用的重要性。

At last, after all these researches, ILs were finally proved to promote the reaction on the improvement of catalytical activity and selectivity.

这一效果的产生，是整个离子液体助催化剂共同产生的，并不是单独的阴离子和阳离子所能的达到的效果。

The results show that coal tar pitch and PMB can be used to synthesize COPNA resin, the reaction mechanism of which is a positive ion-typed condensation polymerization catalyzed by acid. There exist many micro fibers with a uniform distribution in the COPNA resin. The fibers grow with increase of modification time, and then intertwist and amalgamate. Moreover, the COPNA resin possesses good thermo-stability and high coke value.

研究表明煤沥青能与PMB合成COPNA树脂，其反应机理为酸催化下的阳离子型缩聚反应；COPNA树脂的合成中出现很多微纤，随交联聚合程度的加深，微纤相互缠结并融合；COPNA树脂具有很好的耐热性和较高的炭收率。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。