阳极的

First, a full three-dimensional numerical model is developed, which considering not only the rib resistance to the species, but both the single- and two-phase flow and transport in the gas channels and diffusers at both the anode and cathode sides of PEM fuel cell. Two sets of boundary conditions, one for a conventional flow field and the other for an interdigitated one, are presented. A detailed discussion of the numerical techniques for the PEM fuel cell model is given with a flow diagram to provide an overview of the solution procedure using FORTRAN language.

该模型考虑了双极板上流道间的筋部对于反应气体传递阻力以及电流密度分布的影响，从而使模型具有三维特性；建模过程中进一步考虑了流道和扩散层中可能存在的液态水，从而将现有的单相流动模型拓展成为两相流动模型，因此，该模型可以同时模拟电池内部阴极、阳极侧流道和扩散层中两相流动的发生和分布情况；分别给出了平行流场燃料电池和交指型燃料电池的边界条件；详细讨论的三维模型的耦合求解算法和技巧；用实验数据验证的该模型的准确性。

The experiment of the auxiliary heated arc plasma generator shows that thekey arc root has contraction under the condition of having magnetic field when thekey arc root is at the edge of the cathode surface.

在辅助加热电弧等离子体发生器的实验中看到：在有外磁场的情况下，主弧弧根在阴极边缘时，弧根有收缩的迹象，而当主弧弧根在阴极中心附近时，观察不到明显的弧根收缩迹象，并拍摄到有双弧柱的图片；当关掉磁场和弧电流〓时，主弧在阴极和阳极之间稳定的燃烧，主弧弧根稳定在阴极中心附近的一点上，而且弧根没有收缩的迹象，主弧弧根亮区的直径约为6.8毫米，与弧柱段的亮区直径相差无几；因而从实验结果分析可以看出，阴极表面温度的升高，能使主弧弧根直径增大：另一方面，由于主弧弧根直径的增大(即也意味着主弧弧根截面积的增大)，因而使电弧通过主弧弧根传入阴极表面的有效比热流降低，从而减少了阴极烧损。

The main research work of this dissertation is as follows: Based on the chemical reaction engineering theory and the nitrobenzene electroreduction mechanism, the plate and frame electrolyzer was designed and applied to the process of electroreduction nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol. This dissertation measured the residence time distribution data of the electrolyzer by means of the pulse response method and studied the rule of flow pattern along with the current capacity change. Under different conditions ,this dissertation studied the cyclic voltammetry properties of nitrobenzene on different electrodes by means of the dynamic cyclic voltammetry method and the electrode materials applied to the NB electroreduction have been selected primarily.Baseed on the results of cyclic voltammetry tests, this dissertation used p-electrode systems to measure the steady-state- polarization curves of nitrobenzene on different electrodes in H-type diaphragm cell, and obtained each primary factor s influence rule and the exchange current density value of each electrode.And then on the basis of the conclusions of fundamental researchs upword, the effects of influence factors on the the yield of p-aminophenol and the current efficiency,such as electrode material, current density, quantity of electricity circulated, nitrobenzene concentration . sulpuric acid concentration and so on, have been studied in detail in the systems of hign temperature , strong acidity and oxygen-poorthrough a series of electrolysis experiments in this paper.After all using Pb as anode Monel metal as cathode Dupont Nafion 417 cation-exchange membrane as membrane, this dissertation obtained the optimum technological condition: reaction temperature about 85C, current density 500A m-2, sulphuric acid concentration 20%wt.

论文的主要研究工作为：运用化学反应工程理论，结合硝基苯的电还原机理，设计出用于硝基苯直接电还原合成对氨基苯酚实验的板框式电解槽，并利用脉冲响应法测定了该板框式电解槽的停留时间分布数据，研究了流型随流量变化的规律；通过动态循环伏安法研究了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的循环伏安特性，初步评选出了用于硝基苯电还原的电极材料；结合循环伏安的测定结果，在H型隔膜电解槽中采用三电极体系测定了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的稳态极化曲线，得到了各主要因素的影响规律及硝基苯在各个电极上电还原的交换电流密度数值；在基础研究结论指导下，采用板框式电解槽，在高温、强酸、贫氧系统中，进行了一系列的电解实验，分别考察了电极材料、电流密度、通电量、硝基苯浓度、硫酸浓度等因素对收率及电流效率的影响，最终选择以蒙乃尔合金电极作为阴极、铅合金为阳极、Dupont Nofion 417阳离子交换膜为隔膜，得到由硝基苯直接电还原制对氨基苯酚的最佳电解工艺条件：反应温度85℃，电流密度500A·m~(-2)，硫酸浓度20％wt。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。