防治

Objective: By observing and probing into the etiology、pathogenesis、prevention and cure medicine of children"s bronchial asthma in catabasis in clinic and experiments,we try to find medication of children"s bronchial asthma in catabasis and probe into the prevention and cure elements on air-way inflammation in catabasis.

目的：本文旨在从临床及实验方面对儿童哮喘缓解期的病因病机和防治方药进行系统观察与探讨，寻求儿童哮喘缓解期的防治药物，探讨中药对哮喘缓解期气道炎性损伤的防治机理。

Objective:By observing and probing into the etiology、pathogenesis、prevention and cure medicine of children's bronchial asthma in catabasis in theories、clinic and experiments,we try to find new medicine of children's bronchial asthma in catabasis and probe into the prevention and cure elements on air-way inflammation in catabasis.

目的：本文旨在从理论、临床及实验方面对儿童哮喘缓解期的病因病机和防治方药进行系统观察与探讨，寻求儿童哮喘缓解期的防治新药，探讨中药对哮喘缓解期气道炎性损伤的防治机理。

Chinese Association of STD and AIDS prevention, AIDS prevention and control of China's largest NGO, for China's AIDS prevention and control contributed to the work, as well as the expansion of the Association in the area of the impact of AIDS, so that has gradually become a national non-governmental organizations engaged in AIDS focal points.

中国性病艾滋病防治协会，是中国艾滋病预防控制方面最大的NGO，为我国艾滋病防治工作做出了贡献，同时也扩大了协会在艾滋病防治领域的影响，使之逐步成为国内非政府组织从事艾滋病工作的牵头单位。

In order to effectively prevent and control industrial pollution, the Chinese government has drawn up three major policies for environmental protection, i.e.,"putting prevention first and combining prevention with control,""making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it" and "intensifying environmental management."

为有效地防治工业污染，中国政府制定了"预防为主，防治结合"、"谁污染，谁治理"、"强化环境管理"三大环境保护政策，以及资源综合利用政策、结合技术改造防治工业污染政策、城市环境综合整治政策、环保技术政策、环保产业政策等。

Results The class coverage rate of...

结果以学校班级为单位结核病防治知识、政策和信息宣传教育覆盖率为100%；致家长一封信回收率为96.3%；7125个班级开展了不同形式的健康教育活动；学生结核病防治知识知晓率达到95%以上；每名学生把结核病防治知识传递给3名以上周围群众。

Methods The degree of knowing about the prevention and control of AIDS,the rate of high risk behav-ior,the number of condom use,and the change of the incidence rate of veneral disease were investigated and analysed before and after the programme.The effect on prevention and control was apprasied.

调查分析临湘市艾滋病综合防治示范区实施艾滋病综合防治措施前后，社会人群对艾滋病防治工作的认知程度、艾滋病知识知晓率、高危行为率、安全套消耗量、性病发病率的变化，评价其防治效果。

Strategies and approaches of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in preventing and treating CKD are:(1) enhance the study of optimized scheme for single entity;(2) accelerate the step of new drug exploitation;(3) augment the study of action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating CKD;(4) strengthen the study of the mechanism of Chinese crude drug which is poisonous to kidney and its prevention and cure;(5) utilize the systems biology to study the essence of kidney;(6) establish a guideline for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in prevention and treatment of CKD;(7) preach up the general knowledge of CKD, pay attention to mass screening and early prevention of CKD.

中西医结合防治慢性肾脏病有优势，但也存在不少困惑。中西医结合防治慢性肾脏病的思路和方法是：（1）加强单病种优化方案的研究；（2）加强确有疗效的新药开发研究；（3）加强中医药治疗肾脏病作用机制的研究；（4）加强有毒中药肾损害的机制及防治研究；（5）利用系统生物学的方法，探索中医肾本质的研究；（6）组织编写《慢性肾脏病中西医结合防治指南》；（7）大力宣传，重视普查，早期预防。

Strategies and approaches of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in preventing and treating CKD are:(1) enhance the study of optimized scheme for single entity;(2) accelerate the step of new drug exploitation;(3) augment the study of action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating CKD;(4) strengthen the study of the mechanism of Chinese crude drug which is poisonous to kidney and its prevention and cure;(5) utilize the systems biology to study the essence of kidney;(6) establish a guideline for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in prevention and treatment of CKD;(7) preach up the general knowledge of CKD, pay attention to mass screening and early prevention of CKD.

慢性肾脏病已经成为全球性公共健康问题，其患病率和病死率高，并明显增加心血管疾病的危险性，产生巨额的医疗费用。中西医结合防治慢性肾脏病有优势，但也存在不少困惑。中西医结合防治慢性肾脏病的思路和方法是：（1）加强单病种优化方案的研究；（2）加强确有疗效的新药开发研究；（3）加强中医药治疗肾脏病作用机制的研究；（4）加强有毒中药肾损害的机制及防治研究；（5）利用系统生物学的方法，探索中医肾本质的研究；（6）组织编写《慢性肾脏病中西医结合防治指南》；（7）大力宣传，重视普查，早期预防。

For each strategy, a corresponding exploitation plan of groundwater was designed. Then each designed exploitation plan (except scheme 3) was put into the model for calculation and simulation. The analysis on the forecasting results every plan indicates that:(1) Shuting down the self-provided wells is the most direct and effective method, playing an important role in the land subsidence prevention.(2) The resumption of compressed soil by groundwater artificial recharge is limited. So the artificial recharge can\'t provide essential effect for the resumption of land subsidence, unless the artificial recharge is much more than the groundwater withdrawal.(3) The method of "adjusting the exploitation stratum of groundwater to the shallow" has an obvious effect on the land subsidence prevention.(4)"Sand wells" can increase the leakage recharge for confined aquifer, and thus can slow and prevent the development of the land subsidence.(5) For the groundwater exploitation in Xi\'an, emergency self-provided wells should be managed according to the well spacing of 1600m, 2000m and 1600m, respectively, in the river terrace area, alluvial-proluvial fan area and loess tableland area to exploit the first confined groundwater. Corresponding individual well yield can be set as 2500m~3/d, 1500 m~3/d and 200 m~3/d. Make emergency self-provided wells pump in the dry year and stop pumping groundwater to restore and conserve underground water sources in average years and wet years. In this way, groundwater withdrawal of 162000m~3/d can be obtained to provide for the supplement of water supply in Xi\'an. As a result, the water supply stress can be released in dry years. The groundwater depression formed in the exploiting year can resume in 3-4 years. At the same time, this exploitation manner will not lead to obvious land subsidence.

本文利用所建的模型预测了现状开采条件下未来20年的地下水位和地面沉降的变化，在此基础上，提出了防治西安市地面沉降的五个地下水开采方案，利用所建的地面沉降模型对各个设计方案其进行了模拟和预报，对预测结果的分析表明：①封停自备井是防治地面沉降最为直接和最有效的对策，对防治地面沉降起着最为积极的作用；②采用人工回灌方法使被压缩的土层得到的恢复是非常有限的，对地面沉降不能起到根治作用，只有回灌量明显大于开采量时才能有一定的效果；③&调整开采层次，在浅层取水&对防治地面沉降的效果十分明显；④布设&砂井&可以增加对承压含水层的越流补给量，从而可以有效地缓解和控制地面沉降的发生和发展；⑤对西安市的地下水开采，可在河流阶地区、冲洪积扇区和黄土塬区分别采用1600m、2000m、1600m的井间距布置应急自备井，分别采用2500m~3/d、1500 m~3/d和200 m~3/d的单井开采量，开采第一承压水，在平水年或者丰水年不开采，涵养地下水源，在枯水年启动这些应急自备井开采，在输出分析范围内共可获得162000 m~3/d(5913万m~3/a)开采量，可以有效地补充西安市的供水水源，缓解供水紧张局面，开采年开采导致的下降的水位可在停采3～4年后得到基本恢复，同时，这种开采方式不会造成大的地面沉降量。

And the lesion number of severest diseased stem is over 100, the percentage of disease in Brown Spot is around 60%. From the result of fungicide test, we know the Difolatan, Benlate and Orthocide are the more effective for controlling Stem Blight, but the percentage of prevention don't reach the perfect effect. The effect of other fungicides is not good. So we must continue to work to search for safe, and ideal fungicides as the index of prevention.

由药剂试验结果，以Difolatan（预防率：100p.p.m为80.95%，200p.p.m为83.33%），Benlate（预防率：100p.p.m为85.71%，200p.p.m为92.85%），Orthocide（预防率：100p.p.m为71.42%，200p.p.m为73.80%），三种药剂对茎枯病之防治效果最佳，但预防率未达百分之百，其他药剂之防治效果不佳，故仍需进一步寻求安全、有效之防治药剂，以供今后笋农防治茎枯病之依据。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。