闭环增益

As shown, the amplifier is operated closed-loop with a gain of one.

在图中的状态为，放大器工作于闭环增益为1的情况。

Typically, the closed-loop gain will be between +20 and +30dB.

典型的闭环增益会在+20到+30dB之间。

According to the requirement of closed-loop frequency spectrum, a new PID parameters solving method based on closed-loop gain shaping is presented.

摘 要 根据闭环频谱要求，给出一种新的基于闭环增益成形的PID参数求解方法。

Third, rail-to-rail AMPLIFIER OUTPUT stages exhibit load-dependent gain which affects AMPLIFIER open-loop gain, and hence closed-loop gain accuracy.

第三，轨到轨放大器的输出状态表现出影响开环增益从而影响闭环增益精度的负载增益效应。

It is of instructive significance to the design of robust controller when the closed-loop gain shaping algorithm is used to decide the magnitude of the model perturbation.

为了给出闭环增益成形算法的模型摄动形式，用小增益理论和H 混合灵敏度算法的结果进行推导，发现闭环增益成形算法的模型摄动形式与灵敏度函数的形式相同，该结论对用闭环增益成形算法设计鲁棒控制器时系统所能忍受的模型摄动大小的确定具有指导意义。

Note 6: Differential voltage gain for the 48LC8M16A2-75 is specified as an open-loop parameter because external resistors are used to set the closed-loop gain.

注6：48LC8M16A2 - 75差动电压增益是指定为开环参数，因为外部电阻用来设置闭环增益。

This paper adopted a course keeping nonlinear robust controller based on closed-loop gain shaping algorithm and exact feedback linearization algorithm and a speed robust controller which was based on closed-loop gain shaping algorithm.

该文采用基于闭环增益成形算法和精确反馈线性化算法的航向保持非线性鲁棒控制器与基于闭环增益成形算法的速度鲁棒控制器。

This circuit gives a closed-loop gain equal to the ratio of the sum of R1 and R2 to R1 and a closed-loop 3 dB bandwidth equal to the amplifier unity-gain frequency divided by the closed-loop gain.

和反相电路相比，其最大的不同点在于，其输出信号和输入信号是同相的，其输入阻抗也是相当高的，为 OP 差模输入阻抗与环路增益的乘积(环路增益为：开环增益/闭环增益)。

The algorithm shapes the closed-loop gain without selecting weighting functions in H∞ control algorithm. Its core is to determine the final shape of the transfer function of the closed-loop system, the robust PID controller is directly constructed using parameters having engineering sense. The algorithm guarantees fundamentally that the designed controller has fine control performance and robustness.

该算法避免了常规H∞控制算法中权函数的选择而对系统进行闭环增益成形，其核心是确定闭环系统传递函数的最后希望的形状，用闭环系统具有工程意义的参数直接构造出鲁棒PID控制器，从根本上保证了设计出的控制器具有良好的鲁棒性和鲁棒稳定性。

The results indicate: 1 closed- loop gain and open-loop gain to meet basic relationship; 2 the stability of feedback is enhanced and output resistance increased. Furthermore, the result of open-loop and closed-loop gain of theoretical calculation is consistent with simulation which is applied by EWB software, which confirmed elementary conclusions and relationships in negative-feedback amplifier quantitatively.

结果表明：闭环增益与开环增益满足基本关系式；引入负反馈后稳定性得以提高，输出电阻增大；同时使用EWB对开环与闭环增益也进行了仿真分析，结果与理论计算一致，从而定量地验证了负反馈放大电路中的结论与关系。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。