长期存在的

Persistence of grazing mixed pasture has been a key issue in environment conservation and sustainable utilizing of resources in karst region. Under moderate grazing with Corriedale sheep, the productivity and botanical composition of Trifolium pratense mixtures were studied over a 20-year period in karst region of southwest China. Four mixtures consisted of Trifolium pr...

用考力代绵羊轮牧，在牧前和牧后草地现存量(干物质，DM，drymatter)分别为1800~2500(草层高15~18cm)和900~1200kg·hm-2(草层高3~5cm)的适度放牧利用条件下，对亚热带最常见的豆科牧草红三叶与禾本科牧草的两两混播草地的群落生产力和持久性开展长期研究。20年的结果表明：适度放牧利用下，群落地上总生物量长期稳定，各组合间差异不显著，总盖度20a后仍高达97%以上；适度放牧有利于牧草的生产力持久性，红三叶、鸭茅、多年生黑麦草和黑穗画眉草都在群落中长期存在；群落净产量和持久性是尺度依赖的，群落长期净生产力以红三叶+鸭茅的最高(DM产量353.3g·m-2·a-1)(P.05)，对杂草侵入的抵抗力最强，而前10a红三叶+多年生黑麦草有很高的净生产力DM产量449.8g·m-2·a。。。

Model 2:Model 1 can predicts various indicators of the regional population, but the parameters trends to uncertainty during the long-term, and the cumulative effect of error is significant.

模型一能得到关于各区域人口的各项指标，但在对人口长期趋势进行预测时，模型一中各参数存在较大的不确定性、且误差的累积效应明显，在进行长期预测时达到人口高峰后一直下降，不再有波动，这与实际历史上的三次高峰不符合，故在模型二中挖掘数据内在的相关信息，利用2001-2005年中国国家统计年鉴数据及模型一中短期预测的人口总数建立灰GM(1，1)模型对我国人口总数进行长期预测。

This paper,however,has extended the scope of employment structure studies by introducing exchange rate as a new variable in positivist studies and the methods of co-integration test and error correction model in the comparison of the relationships between real exchange rate and the proportion of tertiary industry production value and between the proportion of employ...

实证结果表明，从长期看日本第三产业就业比重上升与实际汇率升值正相关，而中国的相应变量间不存在类似长期关系。比较分析得出结论：只有在汇率适度浮动，资源在部门间流动壁垒减少这两个条件满足时，汇率升值才会产生资源配置作用，推动劳动向非贸易部门转移，逐步优化就业结构。

The result shows that:① Annual scale of China's inbound and domestic tourism growth process can be divided into 3 parts: trend, cycle, and impacts of the incidents.② The trend and cycles of inbound tourism are different from the domestic. Inbound tourism grows lineally while domestic grows exponentially.③ Inbound tourism experienced two different kinds of cycles.

结果发现：(1)近20多年来我国入境和国内旅游的成长，在年际尺度上均可分解为趋势项、周期项和事件冲击项3个部分；(2)入境旅游和国内旅游客流量的增长趋势存在一定的差异，入境旅游长期趋势为直线增长，国内旅游长期趋势为指数增长；(3)入境旅游存在2个时间尺度的客流量波动周期，较长的周期为20年，较短的周期为6年，而国内旅游只存在一个10年左右的周期。

Because our country executes is tax will be separated model, thus determine the tax on taxable profit in the confirmation and accounting, between many differences, must have permanent differences also has difference, the timing of the long-term equity investment difference compared to the equity method to control, because when the accounting of a long-term equity investment measured by employing the equity method under the condition of a long-term equity investment obtained from the disposal to every link existing accounting and tax laws are not consistent.

由于我国实行的是税会分离模式，因此税法上在确定应纳税所得额和会计在确认利润的时候，二者之间必然有很多的差异，既有永久性的差异也有时间性的差异，长期股权投资权益法导致的差异比较难以把握，因为当会计对长期股权投资采用权益法核算的情况下从取得长期股权投资到最后的处置每一个环节都存在会计处理和税法规定不相一致的地方。

So, in view of the peculiarities of the short-term dynamic model and the impulse response function, impulse response is stable and sensitive. In the short-term period, the central bank has a greater control of Ml through the conduction of the base currency and the result is better. It can also prove that the money multiplier of our country has long and firm relations with other elements except the base currency. Through the short-term dynamic equation, it successfully calculates the money multiplier beyond the sample and provides the basis for the central bank to prefigure the regular alteration of the money multiplier.

实证检验显示，中央银行运用货币政策工具时受外汇占款变量的制约影响太大，而再贷款成了调控基础货币投放的主要对冲手段，它的作用的发挥有赖于外汇占款的变动情况，存在明显的被动性。2、基础货币与M1和M2存在长期稳定关系，从长期来看基础货币对M2的冲击影响强于对M1的影响，而从短期来看基础货币对M1的影响要强于对M2的影响；M1和M2在基础货币冲击下具有冲击的放大传导机制和缓沖传导机制，脉冲响应具有稳定性和灵敏性，基于短期动态模型和脉冲响应函数所表现出的特征。

Subindex as the proxies of the stock price.The results show that(1) there is no long equilibrium relation between the stock price and the performances of the listed companies,that means the movements of ...

研究发现：①股票价格与上市公司业绩变化之间不存在长期均衡关系，说明股票价格不反应上市公司业绩；②沪市指数和深市指数之间存在长期均衡关系，并且沪市指数是深市指数的G ranger成因；③沪市上市公司净资产收益率和深市上市公司净资产收益率之间存在长期均衡关系，不论是从长期还是短期来看两者都呈同向变化关系。

At present, majority buildings enterprises in our country exist the serious defect on the human resources management, which is the analysed position unfit and method stagnant, whose examination effect is fairly wronger and is basically the become a mere formality, whose reward standard is over a long period of time low partially and internal fair nature is fairly wronger, whose encourage exist shortcoming and the question such as use to staffs using of personnel not recognition development etc.

目前，我国大多数建筑企业在人力资源管理上存在着：职位分析不到位，分析方法滞后；绩效考核效果比较差，基本上是流于形式；薪酬水平长期偏低，内部公平性比较差；对员工的长期激励不足，在人员的使用上存在重使用、轻开发的问题。

They can find more values on their professions for a long period of time.（2）University counselors' professional identity is increasing by age, and the differences are significant.（3）The degree of masters' professional identity is a little higher than that of students of five-years term college and undergraduates, and also the differences are significant.（4）The differences of university counselors' professional identity on work age are significant. Who work for 5 to 10 years involves into Job burnout easily.（5）The differences of university counselors' professional identity on monthly profit are significant. The counselor who owns more monthly profit may increases the degree of professional identity.（6）University counselors' professional identity is increasing by administrative level, and the differences are significant.（7）University counselors' professional identity is increasing by professional title, too. The differences are significant.（8）The differences of university counselors' professional identity on school types are significant. The professional consciousness of counselors from Key University is the highest, and General College, voluntary school, junior college follows. There are subjective and objective factors which have impacts on the identity.

与男性辅导员相比，女性辅导员更喜爱辅导员职业，认为从事该职业体现自我价值，愿意长期从事辅导员工作；高校辅导员职业认同度随着年龄的增加而提高；30岁以下的女性比男性辅导员职业认同程度低，而31--45岁的女性则比男性高，45岁以上男女无差异；不同学历水平的高校辅导员在职业认同度上不存在显著差异，相对于大专、本科学历的高校辅导员而言，具有硕士研究生学历的高校辅导员职业认同度略高；不同工龄的辅导员在职业认同上存在差异，工作了5-10年的辅导员易产生职业倦怠，职业认同程度低；不同月收入水平的高校辅导员在职业认同度上存在显著差异，月收入越多，职业认同程度越高；不同行政级别高校辅导员的职业认同存在显著差异，随着行政级别的提高，高校辅导员的职业认同度逐步提高；不同职称的高校辅导员在职业认同上存在显著差异，辅导员职称越高，其职业认同程度提升；不同学校类型的辅导员对职业的认同程度存在显著差异，省重点高校的辅导员职业认同度最高，其他依次为省普通高校、省民办高校、省大专院校。

Then we make usage of all the possible methods to estimate the existence of long-term underperformance in Chinese stock market.

然后选用多种方法对中国A股市场上新股长期异常收益进行计算，检验长期弱势现象的存在性。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。