镫骨

Results The patients were predominently female teenagers with a history of gradual onset of bilateral hearing loss, pure tone audiometry revealed symmetric ascending audiograms with moderate hearing loss at frequencies below 1 kHz, but relatively normal hearing at 2 kHz and above. Speech reception thresholds were between 40 to 85 dB HL, discrimination score was from 29% to 68%. Stapedial reflex, auditory brainstem response and compound action potentials were absent or threshold elevated disproportionately to the pure tone threshold. All of the patients had normal cochlear microphonics and robust spontaneously and transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions, the TEOAE showed no contralateral suppression effects as seen in normal subjects.

结果 该病多在青春期后起病，女性较多发，表现为渐进性双耳对称性听力下降，纯音听力以低频损失为主，语言接受阈升高，分辨率下降，镫骨肌反射及ABR引不出或阈值明显升高与纯音听力不成比例，耳蜗微音器电位正常，听神经动作电位引不出，耳声发射波幅高、时程长且不为对侧声刺激所抑制。

Measure tool: The imitated stapes measure instrument, compasses with long needle, divided precision 0.02mm vernier calipers, surgical microscope, electric drill and conventional surgical instrument of otology.

测量工具：自制仿镫骨测量器，制图用带长针头分规，精确度0.02mm的游标卡尺，耳科莱卡手术显微镜，耳科电钻，常规耳科手术器械。

Surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear.

切除中耳部镫骨的手术。

Adopting different ossiculoplasty techniques according to the classification of stapes malformation can yield more effective results with high safety.

根据镫骨畸形的类型和足板是否活动采取相应的听骨链重建术，既安全又可取得良好的效果。

The fixation of the stapes may progress rapidly during pregnancy.

在怀孕期镫骨固定可能迅速发展。

For bats to listen to the echoes of their original emissions and not be temporarily deafened by the intensity of their own calls, the middle ear muscle contracts to separate the three bones there, the malfeasances and stapes,and reduce the hearing sensitivity.

对蝙蝠来说，为了听到它们最初发出的声音的回音并不被它们自己的声音强度暂时震聋，中耳肌肉收缩将那里的锤骨、砧骨和镫骨分开并减小听觉的敏感度。注意，注意力集中

CTVE, SSD of ossicular chain and the oblique reconstruction of stapes were processed on 66 ears.

目的：探讨64排螺旋CT仿真内窥镜、听骨链三维重建及镫骨前后脚斜面重建在病变中耳中的临床应用价值。

But statical compliance showed no change.（3）There were significant differences between the chronic sinusitis and the controls, and among stages in air hearing threshold of each frequency of chronic sinusitis. Conclusions As the stage of chronic s

随慢性鼻窦炎分型分期加重，异常导抗图、镫骨肌反射消失增多，峰压值偏向负压，坡度值增加；静态声顺值无或少变化；同时听力损伤加重。

The musculus stapedius all passed through the front wall of the facial nerve. The tympanic chorda nerve came from the facial nerve, outside the canal in 9 cases(15%), from the inferior one-third in 49 cases (81.67%), and from the middle one-third in 2 cases (3.33%).

面神经镫骨肌支全部从面神经管前壁穿出，鼓索神经自面神经管外发起9例（15%），自面神经管下1/3处分出49例（81.67%），自1/3处分出2例（3.33%）。

Pyramidal eminence and chordal eminence should not be lowly abraded in order to avoid damaging the musculus stapedius and chorda tympani nerve when dealing with a facial recess lesion.

术中处理面神经隐窝病变时勿随意磨低锥隆起及鼓索隆起，以免损伤面神经镫骨肌支及鼓索神经。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。