镇痛的

Acetylsalicylic acid serve as one of antinociceptive medication.,but the mechanism of its analgesic effect and modulating inflammatory pain have kept vague yet.

乙酰水杨酸作为一种镇痛药，其镇痛及调节炎性痛的机制至今仍未完全阐明。

Objective To find a kind of analgesia with good effect and low side effects for patients after abdominal operation.

目的探讨一种对腹部手术后镇痛效果好、患者肠功能恢复快的镇痛方式。

Due to difference in pain sensitivity,the same postoperative analgesia drug must be gave in different amount to different populations and individuals.If a simple and easy method could give a quantitative evaluation for an individual,sbasal pain sensitivity and forebode the degree of postoperative pain and consumption quantity of the postoperative analgesia drug,postoperative analgesia would be individualized.

由于疼痛敏感度的差异性，导致不同人群及个体对相同的术后镇痛药物有不同的需要量，如果对术前疼痛敏感度进行简单易行的定量评估，以预示术后疼痛的程度和镇痛药的消耗量，将有助于使术后镇痛更加个体化。

①postoperative pain after hemorrhoidectomy can be safely and effectively controlled by Acuepoint inject of lappaconitine hydrobromide ②Using the Ashi-points-injection of lappaconitine hydrobromide after hemorrhoidectomy can reduce the pain for a longtime ③Combined with Yaoshu-point-injection can enhance the anaesthetic effect at the day of surgery④The edema at anal margin can be reduced by using of Ashi-points-injection of lappaconitine hydrobromide

①穴位注射氢溴酸高乌甲素对痔术后镇痛是安全而有效的；②术毕时使用氢溴酸高乌甲素阿是穴注射具有术后长效镇痛作用；③联合使用氢溴酸高乌甲素腰俞穴注射可增强手术当天的镇痛效果；④氢溴酸高乌甲素穴位注射具有防止痔术后肛缘水肿的作用。

ResultsThe inhibitory ratio of retortion of mice induced by acetic acid was 64.24% and 24.24% respectively after QiXingZhenTongGao being administered at the pain threshold of mice.

方法采用醋酸建立小鼠疼痛扭体模型及小鼠热板法，观察七星镇痛膏的镇痛作用；采用二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和右旋糖酐所致大鼠足跖肿胀形成模型，观察七星镇痛膏的抗炎作用。

E. , ACTH antagonizes the analgesia mediated byμand δ opioid receptors, but notκreceptor;(2) The antagonizing effect of ACTH on opioid analgesia is proposed to be mediated by ACTH receptors, although the latter has not been characterized;(3) A contradictory interaction on intracellular cAMP content may constitute one of the postreceptor mechanisms underlying ACTH antagonism of opioid analgesia;(4) Another proposed mechanism of the anti-opioid effect of ACTH is that ACTH can modulate opioid-induced suppression of calcium influx;(5) ACTH has been shown to induce Fos protein expression in selected areas of the rat brain including the nuclei involved in pain regulation as well as the ependyma of the third ventricle and the aqueduct.

根据以上实验结果，本论文首次提出以下论点：（1）ACTH在脊髓水平对抗阿片镇痛具有受体选择性，即ACTH可对抗μ受体和δ受体介导的镇痛，不对抗κ受体所介导的镇痛；（2）由于ACTH与阿片μ受体的肽类配体的结合位点仅有很低的亲和力，与μ受体的非肽类配体的结合位点以及δ受体无亲和力，推测ACTH是通过中枢内的ACTH受体介导发挥抗阿片效应的；（3）ACTH抗阿片作用的受体后作用机制之一是在cAMP信使通路水平与阿片发生相互作用；（4）ACTH抗阿片作用的另一受体后机制是在〓水平影响阿片的效应；（5）通过Fos蛋白的诱导揭示：ACTH可以作用于脑内多个核团，其中包括许多与痛觉调制有关的核团，推测ACTH可能通过激活这些核团的神经元而发挥其中枢效应。

Thus, the analgesic effect of morphine injected into PAG was significantly attenuated by β-EP AS injected into the nucleus accumbens, and vice versa. This antagonistic effect was totally abolished by lesioning of the ARH. Moreover the analgesic effect of morphine injected into nucleus accumbens could be blocked byβ-EP AS administered te amygdala or habenula.

在PAG内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用可被伏核内注射β-EP抗体所削弱，损毁家兔的ARH后这一对抗效应基本消失；在伏核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用可被PAG内注射β-EP抗体所对抗，损毁ARH后上述对抗效应基本消失；伏核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用亦可被杏仁核内或缰核内注射β-EP抗体所阻断。

The mechanism may be related with the action of increasing β-EP content in hypothalamus and blood plasma and dilating peripheral blood vessel.

脉痛宁有明显的镇痛作用，其镇痛机制可能是通过提高大鼠中枢和周围血浆中β-EP含量和通过扩张周围血管发挥镇痛作用。

Rabbits were equipped with intracerebral cannulae directing to two of the four nuclei.

我们在研究吗啡的中枢作用部位时发现，注射微量吗啡到家兔或大鼠的PAG、伏核、杏仁核或缰核内，可产生明显的镇痛作用；而将阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮注入上述任一核团内，则能大部取消静脉注射吗啡产生的镇痛或电针引起的镇痛。

In Group I, catheter was placed into central vein. PCIA solution contained 0.025% morphine. PCIA was commenced with a loading dose (2-5 mg) of morphine. The PCIA pump was set up with a background infusion of 2 ml/h, 1 ml bolus dose and a 15-minute lockout interval. In Group II, four intercostal nervers were freezed (-70 degrees Celsius) for 90 seconds. Pain intensity was measured at differnt time ［1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hour after operation］ using VAS scoring.

选择80例接受开胸手术的病人，随机分为静脉镇痛组和神经冷冻组，静脉镇痛组行术后病人自控静脉镇痛，后者采用北京库蓝公司JT-1型冷冻治疗仪在关胸前对切口所在肋间及上、下各一肋间和放置胸引瓶所在肋间的肋间神经进行冷冻，以VAS评分判断两组术后胸部切口疼痛情况，并记录不良反应。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。