锰的

Objective To study the toxicity of MnCl2 and the protective effect of vitamin C in human neuroblastoma cells in vitro.

目的 研究染锰不同浓度对 SH-SY5Y 细胞总超氧化物歧化酶、锰超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响，并观察维生素C对染锰多巴胺能神经细胞的保护作用，探讨锰的神经毒性作用机制及防治措施。

Were extracted by different extracting solvents in lab, the results indicated that with the increasing of Mn concentration levels, the speciation of Mn in their roots transform from H2O-extractable species to HCl-extractable species and NaCl-extractable species, showed increases of Mn of oxalate binding and pectate binding or prontein binding in cell wall of roots; Mn of H2O-extractable species were 34.55～50.26% of total Mn in stems and increased with the increasing of Mn concentration levels, which benefited upward transport of Mn; Percentage of Mn of H2O-extractable species were 38.55～44.19% and Mn of HCl-extractable species were 20.66～28.74% to total Mn in leaves, suggesting that most Mn in leaves were the speciation of H2O-solubility organic salts or manganese oxalates. 5. Chlorophyll in leaves of Polygonum hydropiper L.

不同的提取剂对水蓼根、茎、叶的提取结果表明，随着锰处理浓度增加，水蓼根中Mn由水提取态向盐酸提取态和氯化钠提取态转化，说明根细胞壁结合的草酸盐和果胶酸盐或蛋白质结合态的Mn含量随锰处理浓度的增加而增加；在茎中，水提取态锰含量占总锰的34.55-50.26%，且随锰处理的增加其水提取态锰的比例增加，这有利于锰向上运输；水蓼的叶片中，水提取态锰占总锰的38.55-44.19%，盐酸提取态锰占总锰的20.66-28.74%，说明叶片中的锰大部分以水溶性有机盐或草酸锰的形态存在。

Deferrizers and demaganizers are series of products designed by our company for underground water with comparatively high iron and managanese content according to aerating oxidation priciple.in these prducts,packed natural manganese sand in filter is applied as filtering materials,and oxygen in air is applied as oxidants,to make ferrous iron in water oxidized into ferric iron, in a same time, oxidation reaction makes its produced its produced substances left in filtering materials for purposes of deferrization and deman-ganization.

除铁锰装置是我公司针对铁、锰较高的地下水，按曝气氧化法的原理而设计的系列产品，它是利用过滤器内装填城然锰砂为滤料，利用空气中的氧化剂，使水中的二价铁，同时发生氧化反应使其物进截留在滤料中，从而达到除，除锰的目的。

Result:(1)Tau prevented neurons against Mn toxicity of low and middle concentrations. The ideal conditions can reach upon 4. 5 mM Tau added just, nearly no apoptosis cells could be detected.(2)The percentages of apoptosis intogether were lower than those in Mn just , being concentration-dependent relations with Taurine levels.(3)Mn induced DNA damage of neurons with dose-depedent, The higher of Mn concentration, the lengther of the comet tail and the higher percent comet-like cells. Tau incubated could weaken significantly the lesions of Mn towards DNA on the degree.

结果：(1)牛磺酸对中低剂量锰的毒性有一定的拮抗作用，单独加入牛磺酸效果最好剂量是4.5mM，视野下几乎不见凋亡细胞；(2)牛磺酸干预后培养神经细胞凋亡率低于相同剂量的单纯锰培养细胞组，且与牛磺酸浓度呈剂量依赖性；(3)锰引起培养神经细胞DNA损伤，表现在彗星尾长增加，彗星样细胞百分率增加；加入牛磺酸干预后，可明显改善锰造成的培养神经细胞DNA损伤。

It can be divided into four methods to prepare manganic manganous oxide from the raw stuff: electrolytic product of manganese、manganous salt、manganese oxide compound and manganese carbonate.

四氧化三锰的生产方法主要有四种：金属锰悬浮液法、锰盐法、高价锰氧化物法以及碳酸锰法。

Several mixed control samples of manganic manganous oxide, manganese dioxide and manganese sulfate with various sulfur content were prepared by adding sulfuric acid with known concentration into high pure manganic manganous oxide. Then they were dried and mixed, and the content of sulfur was determined by high frequency infrared ray carbon sulfur analyzer.

向高纯四氧化三锰中加入已知浓度的硫酸，制备不同含硫量的四氧化三锰、二氧化锰、硫酸锰的混合物控制样，将制备好的控制样干燥、混匀后，用高频红外碳硫分析仪分析控制样中的硫含量。

It takes 9 days to have stable Fe removal with a filter chamber filled with sand and 2 days for the filter chamber of manganese mineral filtration. Forty-eight days are needed to have stable Mn reinoval with a filter chamber filled with sand, and 2 days for a filter chamber of manganese mineral filtration.

结果表明，在滤速为8.3m/h、进水pH值为6.8、溶解氧为1.7mg/L的条件下，河砂填料和锰砂填料滤柱对锰的去除效果分别需9d和2d即可稳定，出水铁浓度均在0.3mg/L以下；河砂填料和锰砂填料滤柱对锰的去除效果分别需要48d和16d方可稳定，出水锰浓度均在0.1mg/L以下。

The separation of iron from sulphate solutions has been firstly investigated using a mixed solvent system consisting of tertiary amine N_(235 and tributyl phosphate.

首先，采用N_(235)-TBP混合溶剂体系萃取含铁、锌、锰的硫酸盐溶液中的铁，实现铁与锌、锰的分离；然后用P_(204)萃取含锌、锰的萃余液中的锌，达到锌、锰分离的目的。

The separation of iron from sulphate solutions has been firstly investigated using a mixed solvent system consisting of tertiary amine N_(235 and tributyl phosphate. Then, zinc was extracted with di(-2-ethyIhexyl)phosphoric acidP_(204 from the raffinate in order to separate zinc and manganese.

首先，采用N_(235)-TBP混合溶剂体系萃取含铁、锌、锰的硫酸盐溶液中的铁，实现铁与锌、锰的分离；然后用P_(204)萃取含锌、锰的萃余液中的锌，达到锌、锰分离的目的。

The results indicated that the accumulation of Mn in the cell wall (accumulation rate as high as 36.34%) and the vacuole of the leaves (accumulation rate as high as 65.64%) might be one of the mechanisms of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper to Mn. Most Mn in leaves were the speciation of H2O-solubility organic salts or manganese oxalates. The content of chlorophyll a did not change under different Mn concentration treatments except that its content decreased remarkably when Mn concentration was 8000μmol/L in solutions. The membranes were not banned by Mn when its concentration was less than 5000μmol/L in solutions; Under different Mn concentrations of Mn, the content of their soluble proteins of leaves had changed at some stage. The activity of SOD and POD were gradually improved with the increasing of Mn concentration, which could eliminate activated oxygen free radical, This might be the other physiological mechanism of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper responding to Mn.

结果表明：锰在水蓼叶片非活性代谢部分的积累是其解毒耐锰的主要机制之一；水蓼叶片中的锰大部分以水溶性有机盐或草酸锰的形态存在；在锰浓度处理为8000μmol/L时，叶绿素a含量显著降低，而在其它处理条件下，叶绿素a无明显变化；在锰处理≤5000μmol/L时水蓼叶片的细胞膜还没有受到明显伤害；水蓼叶片的可溶性蛋白含量随锰处理浓度不同而变化，说明植物在代谢和结构上发生了调整；随锰处理浓度的增加，水蓼叶片SOD和POD活性提高，保护酶活性的提高又可清除活性氧自由基，这是水蓼耐高锰和累积锰的一种生理响应机制。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。