错分裂

It was also found that the chromosomes paired well and formed a rod heteromorphic bivalent in the hybrid F1[73(36)9-1×CSDT 1BL]. Whereas 73(36)9-1 produced mainly configuration of 20''+1'+t' when test-crossed with CSDT 1BS. It showed that the translocation occurred on chromosome 1B short arm, and this segment came from rye chromosome 1RL. In the present paper we discussed also the way in which the translocation might be caused, and concluded that it was formed through reunion of two kind telocentrica (1BL and 1RL) after simultaneous misdivision of two univalent chromosomes (a wheat chromosome 1B, and a rye 1R).

同时还发现，73（36）9-1和"中国春"双端体的1BL能很好地配对并形成一个棒状的异形二价体，而它和CSDT 1BS的染色体则主要产生20+1′+t′的构型，从而证明易位发生的可能途径，推断是由于在F1花粉母细胞中的两个单价体（一个是小麦染色体1B，一个是黑麦染色体1R）同时进行错分裂之后产生的两种端着丝点染色体（1BL和1RL）重新并合形成的，因而冬小麦73（36）9-1可能是一个自发产生的易位系。

They were as follows :1 . One- time misdivision event including one chromotid.

后来，樊路、R.M orris折一次提出厂不同次数错分裂的概念'。

However,the ratio ofunivalent misdivision was about 10 per cent.This wouldoffer the posibility to creat whole arm chromosometranslocation.

然而，发现在减数分裂时，单价体错分裂频率达到10%左右，为产生染色体整条臂的相互易位提供了可能。

The misdivision ofunivalents that resulted in the formation of telocentrics,iso-chromosomes and translocated chromosomes was the mainvariation pattern of chromosome structure.

单价体错分裂导致端体，等臂染色体和易位染色体的形成，是染色体结构变异的主要方式，离体培养诱发染色体缺失，是染色体结构变异的有效补充手段，从而成为有目的，有计划的向小麦导入外源有用基因的有效途径。

At the first time, the study of misdivision pattern of homoeologous group 5monosomic univerlants from North Chinese common wheat was conducted. The results indicated that there were 37 orietation patterns in 27cobinations including nine cultivars and three chromosomes . According to analysis of 37 orientation patterns, four misdivision patterns were discovered.

介过去的有关痔通小麦〔T.emL.lit Jt＄数分裂单体单价体错分裂的研究中，大多集中在错分裂频率及单双极分丸，而X、1上错分裂方式的研究则很小，几乎是一个被忽砚的问题'"''、1％6年R.M.rsk曾把普通小麦羊体单价体的错分裂归结为两纨包括一条染色单体的错分裂及包括两条染色单体的错分裂"。

In schizophrenic markets like these, it's hard to tell who's right and who's wrong.

在这样的精神分裂市场，很难说谁是对谁的错。

The results demonstrated that the dup(p21) and the del(p11) were of paternal origin and i was of maternal origin. The dup(p21) arose from an unequal sister chromatid exchange. The del(p11) occurred through X chromosom e breakage and deletion machanism.

结果表明，dup(p21)和del(p11)起源于父方，而i起源于母方。dup(p21)是由X染色体姊妹染色单体不均等的互换所引起的，del(p 11)是由于X染色体断裂后丢失所致，i的发生是由于卵母细胞X染色体着丝粒错分裂。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。