锆石

2The studies on the appearance typomorphism, physical typomorphism, inner structure typomorphism and chemical typomorphism of the zircon and garnet, and the result of U-Pb isotopic age dating of zircon indicate that the zircons are meta-morphogenic genesis but two or three of them are magmatic genesis and most meta-morphogenic zircons have a basic magmatic zircon core which was generated in Stage of Yanshand and Indo-Chinese epoch. The genesis and origin of the garnet is very complicated. The garnets are main almandine with high Fe and Mg content and were proposed their souce rocks are mostly regional mid-degree-metamorphic rocks.

2研究锆石和石榴石的形貌标型、物性标型、内部结构标型以及成分标型特征和锆石U-Pb同位素测年结果表明，锆石除少数几个为岩浆锆石外，绝大多数是变质锆石，且中间多有形成于燕山-印支期的基性岩岩浆锆石残核；石榴石的成因及来源是比较复杂的，以铁铝榴石为主，且铁铝榴石中Fe、Mg的含量较高，推测其源区母岩主要以中级区域变质岩为主。

Using CHIME geochronological method, the zircons and monazites from the Caoshan and Lishugou plutons are dated. The PbO-UO2* isochron age and weighted average age of the Lishugou pluton are all (173±10) Ma. For the Caoshan pluton, the zircon PbO-UO2* and monazite PbO-ThO2* isochron ages are (178±8) Ma and (177±3) Ma, and their weighted average ages are (175±6) and (177±3) Ma, respectively.

运用CHIME年龄测定方法对草山和梨树沟岩体中的锆石和独居石进行了年代学研究，获得梨树沟岩体锆石PbO-UO2*等时线年龄和权重平均年龄均为(173±10)Ma，草山岩体锆石PbO-UO2*和独居石PbO-ThO2*等时线年龄分别为(178±8)Ma和(177±3)Ma，权重平均年龄分别为(175±6)Ma和(177±3)Ma。

The better condition synthesizing the assorted minerals of zirconolite and sphene doping neodymium is holding 30 min at 1230℃, and the better formula is nCa(subscript 1-x/2-y/4 Zr(subscript 1-y/4);Al(subscript x/2) Ti(subscript 2-x/2O7): nCa(subscript 1-x NdAl Ti(subscript 1-x)SiO5[4/(4-y)]:1. Nd(superscript 3+) can enter crystal lattices of ite and sphene. Sphene can immobilize Zr(subscript 4+), Al(subscript 3+) and Nd(subscript 3+); Zr(subscript 4+) and Nd(subscript 3+) replace Ca(subscript 2+), and Al(subscript 3+) replaces Ti(subscript 4+). Zirconolite can immobilize Al(subscript 3+) and Nd(subscript 3+) Nd(subscript 3+) replaces Ca(subscript 2+) and Zr(subscript 4+), and Al(subscript 3+) and replaces Ti(subscript 4+).

研究表明：钙钛锆石和榍石组合矿物固化体较佳的合成条件是在1230℃条件下保温30min，较佳配方的摩尔比为nCa(下标 1-x/2-y/4 Nd(下标 x+y/2)Zr(下标 1-y/4)Al(下标 x/2)Ti(下标 2-x/2) O7：nCa(下标 1-x Nd Ti(下标 1-x)-SiO5=[4/(4-y)]：1；Nd(上标 3+)能够进入钙钛锆石和榍石晶格，榍石能够固溶Zr(上标 4+)、Al(上标 3+)、Nd(上标 3+)，Zr(上标 4+)和Nd(上标 3+)取代Ca(上标 2+)位，Al(上标 3+)占据Ti(上标 4+)位，钙钛锆石能够固溶Al(上标 3+)、Nd(上标 3+)，Nd(上标 3+)进入Ca(上标 2+)位和Zr(上标 3+)位，Al(上标 3+)占据Ti(上标 4+)位。

CL imaging has identified two types of zircon that are metamorphically new growth and recrystallized detrital grains, respectively.

中文摘要：大别-苏鲁造山带大理岩中榴辉岩包体的锆石有两种类型，为变质增生锆石和变质重结晶的残留碎屑锆石。

The original Seluohe Group contains at least four parts: Late Archean metamorphic rocks (zircon SHRIMP protolith ages 2517~2534 Ma), Late Paleozoic metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary strata (zircon SHRIMP 252 Ma), Permian gneissic granitic complex (zircon SHRIMP 260 Ma), and Jurassic mylonitized granites (zircon SHRIMP 168 Ma).

原划分的色洛河群至少由4部分组成：新太古代变质火山－沉积地层（锆石SHRIMP年龄为2517~2534 Ma）、晚古生代变质火山－沉积地层（英安岩锆石SHRIMP年龄为252 Ma）、二叠纪片麻状杂岩体（锆石SHRIMP年龄为260 Ma）和侏罗纪糜棱岩化花岗岩（锆石SHRIMP年龄为168 Ma）。

The feldspars of topaz-lepidolite granite in Yashan late stage are P-rich albite and Kfeldspar, and the phosphorus goes into feldspar structure in the form of PAlSi〓 substitution. The phosphorus contents of feldspars vary according to their crystal habitus. In general, the feldspars of later generation have the higher average phosphorus content than that of earlier generation, and the albite contains higher phosphorus than the K-feldspar in the same generation. The zircon is highly rich in Hf, U, P and Al. The phosphorus enters the zircon structure mainly by the form of〓P〓〓Si〓, Al〓P〓Si〓 or P〓Al〓Si〓, Zr〓 substitution. The P-rich zircon is the production of the highly evolved magma, and it might be one of the important characteristic minerals of the high-P subtype granite. The manganocolumbite, manganotantalite, wodginite and titanowodginite are the main niobium and tantalum minerals.

雅山晚阶段黄玉锂云母花岗岩的长石矿物是富磷长石，磷以PAlSi〓替换方式进入长石结构中，并且在长石中的分布很不均一，一般是晚结晶的长石比早结晶的长石的磷含量高，同期结晶的钠长石比钾长石的磷含量高；锆石矿物为高度富铪、铀、磷和铝的锆石，磷主要以(Y， HREE， Fe)〓P〓〓〓Si〓〓、Al〓P〓Si〓〓、P〓Al〓Si〓〓Zr〓〓等替换方式进入锆石晶格中，富磷锆石是岩浆高度演化的结果，是高磷花岗岩的特征矿物之一；雅山含有丰富的磷锂铝石，是高磷花岗岩的主要磷酸盐矿物；铌—钽矿物主要有铌锰矿—钽锰矿、锡锰钽矿—钛锰钽矿、细晶石等。

According to crystal shape and color, 4 types of zircon in metarhyolite have been identified: inherited, magmatic, metamophic and mixed zircon.

1根据锆石的晶形和颜色，将本区流纹岩中的锆石分为继承锆石、岩浆结晶锆石、变生锆石以及它们之间的混合锆石。

The zircon mineralogy and chronology of the eclogite show that a lot of primary inclusions of omphacite,phengite,garnet,bariosite etc.occur in the zircons,so the zircon should be formed during eclogite facies metamorphism.SHRIMP dating for zircons suggests the age of eclogite facies metamorphism range from 230 to 243Ma.

锆石矿物学和SHRIMP年代学研究表明，榴辉岩锆石中含有大量的绿辉石、多硅白云母、石榴子石、冻蓝闪石等矿物原生包裹体，锆石为榴辉岩相变质作用过程中从形成的变质锆石，锆石SHRIMP U—Pb年龄在230～243Ma之间，代表榴辉岩相变质作用的时代。

According to the metamorphic fluid involved, metamorphic zircon can be divided into five subtypes: metamorphic recrystallization via solid-state transformation, replacement alteration or dissolution reprecipitation, and metamorphic growth corresponds to chemical precipitation from aqueous fluid or hydrous melt.

根据参与锆石改造的变质流体性质，进一步可将变质锆石区分为五种不同类型，即固态重结晶锆石、交代重结晶锆石、溶解重结晶锆石，以及富水流体和含水熔体中的生长锆石。

The zircon SHRIMP U-Pb chronological results show the ages of 584±7 Ma for the Lunckeryggen granite,619±7 Ma for the Defuk granite,534±13 Ma for the Mefjell syenitic rocks in the Sr Rondane Mountains,East Antarctica,representing the formation ages of the different Pan-African grantoid bodies.

本文通过对东南极索龙达讷山泛非期花岗质岩石采用高精度锆石U-Pb SHRIMP定年，获得Lunckeryggen花岗岩中锆石的年龄为584±7 Ma、Defuk花岗岩中锆石的年龄为619±7 Ma、Mefjell正长岩中锆石的年龄为534±13 Ma。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。