锁骨下的

Results The steno-occlusive type was most common (73.9%) in aortitis syndrome. According to the classification of Lupi-Herrea, type Ⅲ was observed in 43.5% of all. Left subclavian arteries (69.6%) and left common carotid arteries (60.9%) were the most frequently involved.

结果 大动脉炎综合征病变以狭窄-阻塞型最常见（73.9%），按Lupi-Herrea分型以Ⅲ型多见（43.5%），最常受累的血管为左锁骨下动脉（69.6%）及左颈总动脉(60.9%)。

Six cases were found to have normal direction of flow,but in the functional test of the involved upper limb,the reversal flow peak value of the ill vertebral artery increased,or the direction of flow turned from normal to reverse.2-dimensional ultrasound showed that 90% of subclavian steal syndrome were caused by arteriosclerosis,10% caused by aortitis.

结果 TCD检查时，24例患者中18例均表现为椎动脉血流反向，肢体束臂试验反向血流增加，6例血流方向正常，束臂试验患侧椎动脉反向峰值血流速度增快，或由正向变为反向。二维超声示引起锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的病因动脉硬化占90％，大动脉炎占10%。

Abstract］ Objective To compare the value of pacemaker implantation through the subclavian vein puncture and the cephalic vein cutdown approach.

目的 比较头静脉切开与锁骨下静脉穿刺途径安置永久性心脏起搏器的价值。

METHODS: Fifty children, aged 1-2 yr, undergoing radial clubhand repair were randomly assigned to receive infraclavicularbrachial plexus block guided by nerve stimulatoror ultrasound in combination with light general anesthetic.

50名年龄为1-2岁，进行桡侧畸形手修复的儿童，被随机分配接受神经刺激法或者超声引导法锁骨下臂丛神经阻滞，这两组均联合使用少量全身麻醉药。

We applied this technique to improve quality of coracoid infraclavicular block for a patient who suffered from intractable pain caused by complex regional pain syndrome and taken high dosage of opioids.

我们应用超音波指引之锁骨下神经阻断术，作为一位使用大量成瘾性止痛药之上肢复杂性区域疼痛症候群患者的辅助止痛方式。

Under transthoracic echocardiography, electrode catheters positioned intracardiac and target ablation were performed with the permentnent pacemaking catheter of left subclavian vein and the ablation catheter of right femoral vein.

在经胸心脏彩超引导下，采取"多切面观察"、"导管运动中观察"，密切结合心内电生理定位，尝试左锁骨下静脉永久起搏导管和右股静脉消融导管的心内定位和靶点消融。

Puncture into Attain long sheath of CS through left infraclavicular vein, guided by CS pipe, take sheath into CS, make reverse contrast of heart vein with Attain saccule contrast pipe, put the left ventricle electric pole into the vein through sheath, then bring it into right ventricle apex and right cardiac ear through the electric pole of right ventricle and atrium, connect it with 3-cavity pulse generator, which is buried under left chest skin.

方法］经左锁骨下静脉穿刺送入Attain冠状静脉窦长鞘，在CS导管的导引下，将鞘送人CS，用Attain球囊造影导管进行心脏静脉逆行造影，将左心室电极经长鞘放入选择的静脉，送人右心室及右心房电极至右室心尖和右心耳。与三腔脉冲发生器连接，脉冲发生器埋藏于左上胸皮下。

Method］ Puncture into Attain long sheath of CS through left infraclavicular vein,guided by CS pipe,take sheath into CS,make reverse contrast of heart vein with Attain saccule contrast pipe,put the left ventricle electric pole into the vein through sheath,then bring it into right ventricle apex and right cardiac ear through the electric pole of right ventricle and atrium,connect it with 3-cavity pulse generator,which is buried under left chest skin.

双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭的临床观察"版权属于原作者所有！请勿将"双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭的临床观察用于商业用途！［目的］观察双心室起搏治疗心力衰竭临床疗效。［方法］经左锁骨下静脉穿刺送入Attain冠状静脉窦长鞘，在CS导管的导引下，将鞘送人CS，用Attain球囊造影导管进行心脏静脉逆行造影，将左心室电极经长鞘放入选择的静脉，送人右心室及右心房电极至右室心尖和右心耳。

The anesthetic mixture consisted of 10ml of ropivacaine 1% and lidocaine hydrocarbonate 2% with epinephrine 1:200,000. The spread of the solution around the subclavian artery could be visualized using our imaging probe.

所有的神经阻断均在超音波探头的影像下操作，使用的局部麻醉剂为10ml之1% ropivacaine与2% lidocaine混合溶液；在超音波的影像下可观察到溶液分布於锁骨下动脉周围。

Ultrasound guidance for infraclavicular blocks providesreal time visualization of the advancing needle and local anestheticdistribution.

超声介导下进行锁骨下神经阻滞可以对进针和局麻药的分布提供实时显像。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。