锁骨下动脉的

Six cases were found to have normal direction of flow,but in the functional test of the involved upper limb,the reversal flow peak value of the ill vertebral artery increased,or the direction of flow turned from normal to reverse.2-dimensional ultrasound showed that 90% of subclavian steal syndrome were caused by arteriosclerosis,10% caused by aortitis.

结果 TCD检查时，24例患者中18例均表现为椎动脉血流反向，肢体束臂试验反向血流增加，6例血流方向正常，束臂试验患侧椎动脉反向峰值血流速度增快，或由正向变为反向。二维超声示引起锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的病因动脉硬化占90％，大动脉炎占10%。

The success rate at inserting the needle at the pointwhere the sound of the subclavian artery via Doppler reachedits maximum audibility was compared with that of the classicalinsertion point. In 89 of the 100 patients, the medial or posteriorcord was found at first needle pass.

使用 Doppler 超声的穿刺到锁骨下动脉的影像的位置，记录所用时间，并且传统的穿刺方法相比较。100个病人中有89个病人，一次性就穿过中间索和后索。

Objective:To evaluate the value of the diagnosis of subclavian steal syndrome by ColorDoppler ultrasound and Transcranial Doppler.

目的：总结锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的病因，通过经颅多普勒超声与彩色多普勒血流显像联合应用对锁骨下动脉盗血综合征进行诊断，并探讨其诊断价值。

Methods 24 albino rabbits were divided into 3 groups randomly: group DHCA (n=8); group DHCA+SCP( n=8) and group DHCA+SCP +L-arg( n=8). Three groups were placed on cardiopulmonary bypassaccording to clinical method, the anonyma and bilateral subclavian arteries of animals in group DHCA+SCP and group DHCA+SCP +L-arg were isolated.

健康成年大耳白兔随机分成DHCA(n=8)组、DHCA+经右锁骨下动脉SCP组(n=8)和DHCA+经右锁骨下动脉SCP+L-arg组(n=8)，常规建立体外循环，实验组分离出无名动脉、右锁骨下动脉及左侧的锁骨下动脉并行右锁骨下动脉插管，然后开始转流降温。

Results The back flow of trouble side vertebral artery caused by the stenosis of innominate artery or subclavian artery were classified into 4 grades.

将锁骨下动脉或无名动脉狭窄引起的患侧椎动脉反流分为四级：0级2例，1级3例，2级9例，3级1例。

Objective:To sum up the clinical experience of subclavian artery serious stegnosis or occlusion treated with the stent implantation from humerus artery.

目的：探讨经肱动脉路径行锁骨下动脉支架植入治疗重度锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞的疗效。

Results The sensitivity and specificity of color ultrasound for stenosis of carotid bifurcation, subclavicular artery and vertebral artery were 96.8%, 80.6%, 60.0% and

结果 本组患者彩色多普勒超声检查对诊断颈动脉分叉部狭窄的敏感性和特异性分别为96.8%和80.6%，对锁骨下动脉狭窄为60.0%和98.7%，对椎动脉狭窄为33.3%和89.0%。

The accuracy of color ultrasound for stenosis of carotid bifurcation, subclavicular artery and vertebral artery were 93.0%, 92.8% and 82.1%.conclusion color ultrasound examination are effective for the diagnosis of carotid bifurcation sterosis, and less effective for the diagnosis of the subclavicular and vertebral artery stenosis because of the poor sensitivity.

彩色多普勒超声检查诊断颈动脉分叉部、锁骨下动脉和椎动脉狭窄的准确度为93.0%、92.8%和82.1%。结论彩色多普勒超声检查可作为诊断颈动脉分叉部位血管狭窄的有效方法；而其对锁骨下动脉及椎动脉狭窄的敏感性较低，诊断价值不大。

To systematicallyinvestigate this landmark, we conducted a study in four phases:1 Two blindfolded examiners determined the distance betweenthe tuberosity's medial border and the clavicle's lateral endin 100 dried clavicles and then 2 performed subclavian veincannulation in 20 fresh human cadavers using the tuberosityand the suprasternal notch as landmarks. 3 Three-dimensionalreconstructions of the subclavian artery and vein and surroundingstructures were derived from computed tomography datasets of10 patients. The length of the path of a virtual subclavianvein cannulation with the deltoid tuberosity landmark was measuredbilaterally. 4 In a prospective, randomized trial, subclavianvein cannulation was performed in 60 patients with a standardapproach or with the deltoid tuberosity as landmark.

为系统地研究这个解剖标志，作者将本研究分为四个阶段：1 双盲检查100个干燥的锁骨测量其三角肌粗隆内侧缘至锁骨侧面末端的距离；2 在20具新鲜的尸体上以三角肌粗隆和胸骨上切迹为标志进行锁骨下静脉穿刺；3 利用 CT 所获取的数据资料对10个病人的锁骨下动脉和静脉以及周围结构进行三维重建，测量两侧以三角肌粗隆为标志的虚拟锁骨下静脉置管路径的长度；4 选择60例病人以标准路径或三角肌粗隆为标志进行锁骨下静脉穿刺的前瞻性随机试验研究。

To systematicallyinvestigate this landmark, we conducted a study in four phases:1 Two blindfolded examiners determined the distance betweenthe tuberosity's medial border and the clavicle's lateral endin 100 dried clavicles and then 2 performed subclavian veincannulation in 20 fresh human cadavers using the tuberosityand the suprasternal notch as landmarks. 3 Three-dimensionalreconstructions of the subclavian artery and vein and surroundingstructures were derived from computed tomography datasets of10 patients. The length of the path of a virtual subclavianvein cannulation with the deltoid tuberosity landmark was measuredbilaterally. 4 In a prospective, randomized trial, subclavianvein cannulation was performed in 60 patients with a standardapproach or with the deltoid tuberosity as landmark.

为系统地研究这个解剖标志，作者将本研究分为四个阶段：1 双盲检查100个乾燥的锁骨测量其三角肌粗隆内侧缘至锁骨侧面末端的距离；2 在20具新鲜的尸体上以三角肌粗隆和胸骨上切迹为标志进行锁骨下静脉穿刺；3 利用 CT 所获取的资料资料对10个病人的锁骨下动脉和静脉以及周围结构进行三维重建，测量两侧以三角肌粗隆为标志的虚拟锁骨下静脉置管路径的长度；4 选择60例病人以标准路径或三角肌粗隆为标志进行锁骨下静脉穿刺的前瞻性随机试验研究。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了