链烷烃

The soluble tetra-alkyl phthalocyanine compounds have the following general structure, wherein Rn represents straight-chain or branching chain alkane, n represents the number of straight-chain or branching chain alkane, M represents center ligand of bivalence or more, L represents axial ligand, X represents the number of L.

该可溶性四烷基酞菁化合物符合如下结构通式：结构通式中，Rn代表直链或支化链的烷烃，n代表直链或支化链的烷烃的数目，M代表二价或二价以上的中心配体，L代表轴向配体，X代表L的数目。

3Glass capillary gas chromatography is used in the analysis of n-paraffin distribution of the diesel,and according to the results of the cold filter plugging point test ,it is conclude that the impressibility of DFI to fuel is not only connected with the alkyl side chain and the polarity group of medicine oneself ,but also the n -paraffin distribution of the diesel ,the component ,technology and directions for producing of fuel and so on.

该方法具有合成线路短、产率高、成本低的特点；(3)通过使用毛细管气相色谱法测定柴油中直链烷烃的组成与含量，及柴油冷滤点(Cold filter plugging point 简称CFPP)的测定得出结论，DFI 对柴油的感受性不仅与药剂本身的烷基侧链、极性基团有关，也与柴油的直链烷烃的含量、馏分组成、加工工艺等有关。

In addition nC〓, nC〓, two isomers of C〓 sterene and three isomers of C〓 isoprenoid hydrocarbons were also identified from aliphatic fraction of pyrolyzed product at 200℃. After pyrolyzed at 300℃, the main aliphatic hydrocarbons were normal alkanes ranged from C〓 to C〓, with C〓 as the main peak and C〓 as the second main peak. Meanwhile, pristane, phytane and C〓 sterane were also detected. In the pyrolysates at 400℃ and 500℃, the content of saturated hydrocarbons decreased, the range of normal alkanes distribution became narrow and the main peak was nC〓. Low concentration of C〓-C〓 steranes was detected and the content of C〓-C〓 increased more.

在200℃热模拟产物饱和烃馏分中除检测出两种长链烯烃外，还检测到正十九碳单烯烃、正三十五碳双烯烃、两个碳二十八甾烯的同分异构体和三个C〓类异戊二烯烷烃化合物同分异构体。300℃模拟产物饱和烃主要为正烷烃，正烷烃的碳数分布范围为C〓-C〓，以C〓为主峰、C〓为次主峰；另外，样品中还检出姥鲛烷、植烷和C〓甾烷等化合物。400和500℃热模拟产物中的饱和烃含量下降，正烷烃系列碳数分布范围变窄，主峰碳后移至C〓，检测到低浓度的C〓-C〓甾烷系列化合物，另外，C〓-C〓藿烷系列化合物含量进一步增加。

Cytochrome P450 BM-3 (CYP102) from Bacillus megaterium catalyzes the subterminal hydroxylation of long-chain fatty acids (C12 to C20) at the positions ω-1,ω-2,ω-3 and the epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Artificial mutants of P450 BM-3 also hydroxylate substrates like short-chain fatty acids (C8 to C10), alkanes, cycloalkanes, heteroarenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which offers potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry, environmental measurement and bioremediation and chemical industry.

细胞色素P450BM-3来源于Bacillus megaterium，能催化长链脂肪酸C_(12-C_(20)的次末端(ω-1，ω-2，ω-3)羟化及不饱和脂肪酸的环氧化，其突变体催化的底物拓展到中链的脂肪酸C_8-C_(10、烷烃、环烷烃、杂环烃、多环芳烃等，因此在医药工业、环境检测和修复及化学工业具有广阔的前景。

The results show that the formation of dry gas is abided by reaction mechanism involving the cleavage of pentacoordinated Carbonium ion which is formed by the protonation of alkanes over acidic catalyst.

结果表明，烷烃分子首先在催化剂酸性中心作用下发生质子化反应，烷烃分子链上易受到氢质子进攻的位置一般在其叔碳原子或碳链中心碳原子附近的C—H键或C—C键处，形成两种反应过渡态物种——五配位正碳离子H-Carbonium和C-Carbonium。

The fatty acids and waxes of Myrica rubra kernel were analyzed through GC-MS, The results showed that the yield of kernel oil was 31.10%, and there were eight fatty acids and three long-chain alkanes in the extracted composition. The main composition were Palmitic acid 28.22%, Linoleic acid 14.4%, Oleic acid 25.74%, Erucic acid 15.68%, Heptadecane 5.2%, Octadecane 5.87%, Nonadecane 4.71%. The total content of unsaturated fatty acid was 55.91% with the Linoleic acid and Oleic acid of 40.19%, these supplied a reference to its comprehensive utilization.

用GC-MS对杨梅核脂肪酸与蜡质成分进行了分析，结果表明：杨梅中脂肪酸和蜡质的总含量为31.10%，其中含有8种脂肪酸和3种长链烷烃，主要为棕榈酸(C16：0)28.22%、亚油酸(C18：2)14.4%、顺式-油酸(C18：1)25.74%、芥酸(C22：1)15.68%，十七烷5.2%、十八烷5.87%、十九烷4.71%，不饱和脂肪酸总含量为55.91%，其中油酸、亚油酸含量为40.19%。

Results There were about 15 kinds of chemical poisons including vinyl chloride,polyvinyl alcohol,isoparaffin,polyvinylacetate,sodium hydrate,ammonia,acid hydroc,methanol,diesel oil,carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides,ozo...

结果在聚氯乙烯的生产过程中，作业场所存在化学毒物较多，主要包括氯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、过氧化物、异链烷烃类、聚乙烯乙酸酯、氢氧化钠、氨、盐酸、甲醇、柴油、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、臭氧、二氧化锰等。

Results are summarized as follows:(1) The absorption property of CdSe nanoparticle colloid under magnetic field was investigated by magnetic circular dichroism measurement, which proved the discrete energy states in CdSe nanoparticles due to size confinement effects.(2) Aggregation of small nanoparticles was usually observed under HRTEM measurements. In order to obtain HRTEM images of well dispersed particles, surfactant molecules were assembled on the surfaces of mercapto acetate stabilized CdSe nanoparticles.

主要内容如下：（1）用磁圆二色吸收谱测试研究了CdSe纳米颗粒的水溶胶在磁场中的吸收性质，验证了CdSe纳米颗粒中由于量子限制效应而存在的分立的能态；（2）用高分辨透射电镜观察到纳米颗粒的团聚，在颗粒表面接枝上含长链烷烃的表面活性剂分子，使颗粒有效的分散，解决了纳米颗粒团聚的问题。

By means of molecular designing, a series of sodium branched-alkyl benzene sulfonates weresynthesized through seven process, involving Frieded-Crafts reaction, Grignard reaction, sulfonationand neutralization. Those isomers have similar structure, carbons of same quantity, but the position ofalkylaryl dissimilarity. Liner fat acid, metaxylene and halogenated hydrocarbon of different carbonnumber were used as the starting materials. Optimum processing condition was confirmed consideringinfluence of a series of reaction factors such as feed proportioning, quantity of catalysts, quantitysolvent, reaction time, temperature and pressure. Eight kinds of isomers of sodium hexadecylxylolsulfonates were finally synthesized, and characterized by FT-IR.

本文通过分子设计，以不同碳数直链脂肪酸、间二甲苯以及不同碳数的卤代烷为原料，经酰基化、格氏反应、加氢还原、磺化及中和等反应，合成了结构相似、烷烃链碳数一定、芳基在烷烃链不同位置的烷基芳基磺酸盐同分异构体；并考察了原料配比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、溶剂用量、反应压力等一系列因素对各反应的影响，进而确定最佳工艺条件，最终合成出十六烷基二甲苯磺酸钠的八种同分异构体，利用 FT-IR 对产物结构进行了分析。

Therefore,we try to directly couple the endothermic reaction of long chain alkane dehydrogenation with the exothermic reaction of methane catalytic combustion by using the metallic monolithic catalysts,which highly miniaturizes reactor size and significantly increases heat efficiency.

因此，本文以长链烷烃脱氢和甲烷催化燃烧为模型反应体系，利用金属基整体式催化剂将上述吸热与放热催化反应直接进行热耦合，以期实现工艺过程的高度集成并提高热利用效率。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。