银行投资

At the end of the course students will be familiar with the features and functions of major financial markets and institutions such as money, bond, stock, foreign exchange and derivative markets, central bank, commercial and investment banks, stock exchanges, brokers and fund managers.

学生将从此课程的学习中，清楚了解国际货币，债券，股票，外汇和衍生产品市场的特征和功能，并了解中央银行，商业银行，投资银行，证券交易所，证券交易商，基金公司等金融机构的业务运作特征。

According to this, we can conclude particular character of each group, leading mobile barrier and their competitive strategy.

第四章通过对银行产业内外部经营环境变化的分析，归纳出零售银行业务和投资银行业务将成为各群组竞争的新焦点。

Through its two operating units, Citicorp and Citi Holdings, Citi provides consumers, corporations, governments and institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and credit, corporate and investment banking, securities brokerage, and wealth management.

通过花旗公司和花旗控股，花旗集团为个人、公司，政府和机构客户提供广泛的金融产品和服务，包括个人银行及个人信贷、公司银行与投资银行、证券经纪和财富管理。

Disintermediation withdrawal of funds from intermediary financial institutions, such as banks and savings and loan associations, in order to invest in instruments yielding a higher return.

非居间化：为了直接进行证券投资获取更高的收益，而从中间金融机构，如银行、储蓄银行和贷款银行中提取存款

In order to survive and keep their position, commercial banks, especially those leaders develop various financial products by innovation to evade existing regulations and inroad to other sectors such as insurance, security, and others.

投资模式的改变使得金融体系中金融机构的结构发生了很大的变化，非银行金融机构（如保险公司、共同基金、投资公司、养老基金、风险投资基金、套利基金等）发展迅速，传统商业银行受到严重挑战，陷入发展的困境。

Claire Lecoq, director of Insead career services says that year on year since 2004, more and more students have chosen careers in the financial sector.

西班牙企业学院商学院(Instituto de Empresa Business School)的数据显示，在2006届MBA毕业生中，有一半选择金融行业；其中金融服务占20%，风险投资占13%，投资银行占10%，投资管理占7%。

This thesis made out creative analysis on credit risk management of stated-owned commercial banks under information asymmetry as follows:(1) It pointed out that banks can set for claim for compensation in credit contracts, so that companies that breach the faith would be published once the breach occurred.(2) It suggested that banks can set committees in companies to supervise the application of capitals, in order to make sure that specific capital should be used in specific projects.(3) It advised that special departments, acting like independent directors, can be set by banks enterprises to supervise the shared information, so that to decrease moral risk.

本文的创新点在于对信息不对称下的国有商业银行信用风险管理提出了如下几点对策：(1)银企双方在签订贷款合同时可以建立违约索赔的机制，一旦银行发现企业违约，而对方至少应该受到经济上的制裁；(2)建议银行设立投资监控管理委员会，对企业资金的使用状况进行监督管理，以保证借出的资金不被挪用到其他项目，做到专款专用；(3)在银企双方设立类似于独立董事的机制，对信息的透明度进行监控，保证企业不出现道德风险方面的问题。

It can be expected that the decline in interest rates there is still much space, it is necessary to know the lowest interest rates in previous years, the records of bank one-year return on investment rate was only 1.80% which, when the economic environment is now the case is far from grim, if interest rates drop several times, and its effect on the stock market there will be a process of quantitative to qualitative changes, bank deposits are not the proceeds of investors, there will be a "rentier" class from the bank gradually driven out.

可以预计，利率下降有很大的空间，但要知道前几年的最低利率，银行之一的记录一年的投资回报率仅为1.80％，其中，在经济环境现在的情况是远远严峻，如果利率下降几次，其对股市的影响将有一个过程量变到质变，银行存款是不是投资者的收益，将有一个"食利者"类从银行逐步淘汰。

Clive Tasker, chief executive of Standard Bank's business in Africa excluding South Africa, said the resultant deals were likely to be at least as large as ICBC's $5.5bn purchase last year of a 20 per cent stake in Standard – itself the largest foreign direct investment in post-apartheid South Africa.

标准银行非洲业务首席执行官克莱夫·塔斯克表示，最后达成的交易，规模可能至少达到中国工行入股标准银行的水平。工行去年以55亿美元收购了标准银行20%的股权，这宗交易本身就是南非种族隔离时代结束后最大的单笔外国直接投资。

Prior to European countries, the government announced that it would spend tens of billions of pound sterling and the euro, the acquisition of the plight faced by many banks of the shares and take on 100,000,000,000 euros for the bank to provide guarantees to banks to help raise the funds needed business development.

在此之前欧洲国家，政府宣布，将投资的英镑和欧元百亿由股份许多银行面临的困境，并就收购该银行1000.0亿欧元，向银行提供担保，以帮助提高所需的资金业务的发展。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。