银行

The main conclusions are as follows: financial innovation has changed the impact pattern of volatility of real estate prices on commercial banks' assets; the impact in China mainly concentrates on real estate-related loans based on banks' liabilities and is limited; Chinese commercial banks should accelerate the pace of asset securitization business but prudentially develop credit derivatives.

研究表明：金融创新改变了房地产价格波动对商业银行资产的影响模式；中国房价波动对商业银行资产的影响主要集中在源于银行负债发放的贷款领域，但总体影响有限；中国应加快发展银行资产证券化业务，谨慎发展信用衍生产品。

The last part is about the renewer of operation after reform of the Imperial Bank of China.

五、盛宣怀对中国通商银行的整顿与业务经营的逐渐复原盛宣怀为整顿亏损所采取的银行人事和业务方面的调整措施，中国通商银行总行为弥补虚本实利所采取相关措施，中国通商银行业务经营的逐渐复原和虚本实利的好转。

Because commercial banks have expected to prevent the losses at certain confidence level by using their own reserve for bad debts and capital at risk, commercial banks won't go bankrupt within certain confidence level. If the confidence level were a, the probability of bank failure is 1-a, so the recognition of deposit premium ratio should be performed based on 1-a of risk assets in commercial banks.

由于商业银行自身用损失准备金和风险资本来防范了一定置信水平内的损失，因此，在该置信水平内商业银行是不会破产的：如果一定置信水平为α，则银行破产的概率就为1—α，存款保险费率的确定就以商业银行风险资产的1—α倍为基础进行。

This paper from the actual situation has analyzed the integer status of our banking, and mostly discussed the superior and inferior of the nation owned single proprietorship bank of commerce of our country after we joined WTO, and sums up that the nation owned single proprietorship bank of commerce of our country should take reforms in the finance system, pattern of management, and strengthen the credit risk management, expand retailing positively and construct the networking bank such as positive effective countermeasure so as to compete with the foreign banks.

该项研究，从实际出发，充分论述和分析我国银行业的整体状况，通过重点论述加入WTO后，我国国有独资商业银行在竞争中具有的优、劣势分析，总结出我国国有独资商业银行作为我国银行业主体应该在金融体制改革、经营模式转换，加强信贷风险管理，积极发展零售业务，构建网络银行等方面，采取积极有效对策，同外资银行进行竞争。

But on the other hand, many internal frauds broke out in the banks, especially in the Subbranch of state-owned banks, which result in the doubt about the banking reform.

但在另一方面，各银行特别是国有银行基层分支机构的内部欺诈现象凸现、大案要案频发，虽然这些案件有一部分是在银行体制改革初期发生的，但仍然引发了国内外对我国银行改革成效的质疑。

She is a young company which develops rapidly,the time for her development from Sheko to China is only 20 years.She has been elected as the most competitive bank and customers' most popular bank for many times.The subbranch in which I work in Tongbo Road had even delegated the toppest level of bank service in Henan to receive prize in Beijing.

招商银行是一个发展迅速的年轻公司，从蛇口走向全国，她仅用了20年的时间；招商银行还被多次评为最具竞争力的银行和最受消费者欢迎的银行；我所在的桐柏路支行更是曾经代表了河南银行业服务的最高水平去北京领奖。

In this paper, China's commercial banks personal financial business risk research as subjects, the main outlines the risks of Personal Financial Services, through theory and case-specific analysis of risk types, characteristics and causes of domestic banks, through drawing on the experience of control risk, and I have been combining the actual situation of commercial banks, commercial banks in our country on personal financial business risk prevention and management.

本文以我国商业银行个人理财业务风险研究作为选题，主要概述了个人理财业务的风险，通过理论与案例具体分析了风险的种类、特征与产生的原因，通过借鉴国外银行控制风险的经验，并结合我过商业银行的实际情况，阐述了我国商业银行个人理财业务的风险防范与管理。

After 20 years of development business of commercial banks in China have achieved success, but with foreign commercial banks, intermediary business is still the soft underbelly of the Chinese-funded commercial banks, China's commercial banks face severe challenges.

经过20多年的发展我国商业银行中间业务取得了成就，但与外资商业银行相比，中间业务仍然是中资商业银行的软肋，我国商业银行面临严峻的挑战。

Part II also studies the risk situation of domestic banks and the causes leading to the formation of those risks and the author's conclusion is that Chinese banks in particular the four largest state-owned banks are characterized by the following risks:(1)the high percentage of problem loans;(2)poor profit-earning capability;(3)few channels of generating income;(4)heavy burden of tax and other expenditures;(5)the lower percentage of self-owned capitals;(6)poor liquidity;(7)the unsoundness and imperfectness of the internal management structure risk management mechanism and company management structure; to make matters worse, Chinese banks are cornered by our social and economical environments such as the unfledged market mechanism, the poor credit degree of our community, the deficiency of legal system in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of creditors and local protectionism in subordinating banks' credits to those of local parties concerned,etc.

本文还对国内银行风险状况及其成因进行分析，认为目前我国银行业处于高风险状态，主要表现为：在银行经营管理方面，国有商业银行不良资产占比过高(占全部贷款的26.62%)，商业银行盈利性差，收入的多样性差，税赋重，自有资本金比例低，流动性不足，内部控制及公司治理机制等管理制度不健全、不完善等；在社会、法制环境方面，市场机制不健全，社会信用程度低，法律制度不完善，地方保护倾向明显，等等。

As China's accession to the WTO and financial globalization, foreign-funded banks and emerging joint-stock banks with their effective incentive mechanism have snatched a large number of outstanding financial talents from China's four major state-owned commercial banks. The unprogressive incentive mechanisms of state-owned commercial banks have constrained to its deepening reform and development.

在我国加入WTO、金融全球化的形势下，外资银行和新兴股份制银行凭借其有效的激励机制大量抢夺我国四大国有商业银行的优秀金融人才，国有商业银行落后的激励约束机制已成为制约其深化改革和向前发展的瓶颈。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。