银的

The simulation study shows that linear polarization sensitivity of silvered orthogonal twin mirrors is better than that of aluminum or aurum mirrors at the range of 0.4μm～10μm, and the silvered orthogonal twin mirrors have less influence on polarization ratio than those of aluminum and aurum mirrors.

模拟计算结果显示：在0.4μm～10μm波段内，非理想正交镀银反射镜的线偏振灵敏度优于铝、金等正交反射镜，且对光束偏振度的改变最小，因此正交镀银反射镜在高精度偏振遥感探测中值得广泛应用；若把角度误差控制在0.5°内，则正交镀银反射镜的偏振特性对偏振遥感器的辐射度和偏振度影响很小，具有较好的消偏性能。

In the 3rd part of this thesis, two attempts to study the surface enhanced infrared spectroscopy of azobenzene acids monolayer on silver island films are discussed.

成功地在通过真空蒸镀的银岛膜基底上获得了偶氮酸LB膜的表面增强红外光谱，同时对偶氮酸LB膜在不同厚度的银岛膜上的表明增强红外光谱性质进行了详细的研究，进而对银岛膜上的表面增强红外光谱的机理进行了研究。

AFM images revealed that as the sputtering time was prolonged, the film thickness increased, the film became compacter, and the specific area of the film also increased, thus, the release rate of silver ions increased, which led to improved antibacterial properties. EDX test results indicated that increase in film thickness led to increase in silver weight percentage per unit surface, causing improved antibacterial properties. Moreover, when the film thickness was 1 nm, the inhibition percentage of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 100%.

结果表明：随着薄膜厚度的增大，样品抗菌性能提高；溅射时间延长，薄膜厚度增大，膜层的致密性改善，单位面积上的银含量增加，膜层表面积增大，银离子释放几率增大，是提高抗菌性能的主要原因；当纳米结构银薄膜厚度为1 nm时，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达到100%。

With the increase of feeding frequency, the specific growth rate in wet weight for juvenile gibel carp increased significantly, and the apparent digestibility of protein and energy increased significantly while the apparent digestibility of dry matter showed no obvious variation.

随着投喂频率增加，异育银鲫幼鱼的湿重特定生长率显著增加，饲料蛋白质和能量的表观消化率显著性增加，而干物质的表观消化率没有显著性变化；投喂频率对异育银鲫幼鱼的生长分化、存活率没有显著性影响；异育银鲫幼鱼的最佳投喂频率为24m/d

Generally, two hybridization events have happened in the generation of gynogenetic crucian carp: the first one occurred about 6, 000 years ago when maternal ancestor of C. a. gibelio hybridized with males of C. a. auratus (ancestor of C. a. colored variety) and a diploid hybrid was produced; the second one happened over 10, 000 years ago, when the diploid hybrid was backcrossed with one of its parental population, by which the current triploid gynogenetic crucian carp emerged.

初步推断出东北雌核生殖银鲫是通过鲫鱼种群间的两次杂交产生的，第一次杂交是母本的银鲫同源种群与父本的彩鲫同源种群杂交，形成二倍体杂种；第二次杂交是二倍体杂种与两个祖先鲫鱼种群之一回交，形成了今天的三倍体杂种银鲫。

The growth mechanism of silver seed on silicon has been presented: at first, the silver monolayer and multilayer firstly grows onto silicon without fully covering the surface at the expense of silicon etching due to the silver seed attracting the electron from silicon, after that, the monolayer coalesces together, forming continuous grain film with some silver atoms diffusing into the silicon and the multilayer still grows thick simultaneously.

提出了银晶籽在硅表面的生长机理是：首先是在硅表面没有被完全覆盖的情况下，单层银晶籽生长的同时伴随有多层的生长，此后单层逐渐形成连续的薄膜，在单层晶籽层上多层薄膜逐渐增厚，并伴随有部分银原子向硅中的扩散。

The methods and the precesses of the silver anti-tarnishing ,such as extremely thin metal coating,anodic passivation treatment,cathodic electrophoresis,chemical passivation and self-assembled monolayer,have been evaluated.

分析了银器表面在硫化物、硫氧化物等腐蚀性气体环境中变色的机理和影响因素，讨论了银器表面处理防变色(贵金属或合金的涂层、阳极化钝化、阴极电泳、化学钝化、自组装单分子膜的防腐蚀等)的方法和加工技术，并提出了包装贮存材料处理防银器变色的新途径。

The preferred orientation degree of Ag films show significant change with prologing deposittion time and decreasing substrate temperature.The upper layer of Ag films deposite...

结果表明：银膜的择优取向度随着沉积时间的延长和基体温度的降低具有明显变化；在—147℃沉积6min条件下制备的银膜为表层具有(200)择优取向及底层为(111)择优取向的双层结构；银膜在载荷较高时也有较好的摩擦学性能。

Zuxing has agencies in more than 20 countries and districts. Zuxing has three state-of-the-art manufacturing plants with a total land area of 50,000 sq.m., of which 30,000 sq.m is for plant site and more than 400 dedicated employees. Zuxing has been awarded ISO9001:2000 and ISO14001 certifications. Zuxing is capable of new product research and development. The main products are non-leafing aluminium pigments, water-borne aluminium pigments, resin-coated aluminium pigments, aluminium pigment powder, vacuum metallised flake suspension, pelletised aluminium pigments for plastics and pelletised aluminium pigments for inks.

公司现有三个生产工厂，占地总计约50，000平方米，有30，000平方米的现代化专业厂房，职工400多人，已通过ISO9001：2000质量管理体系和ISO14001环境管理体系的认证，严格控制产品的稳定性，有很强的新产品开发能力，重视走精品路线，主要产品有：普通非浮型铝银浆、水性铝银浆、树脂包覆型铝银浆、粉末状铝颜料、电镀级铝颜料、塑胶专用条状铝颜料、油墨专用条状铝颜料等。

Silver electroplating of beryllium bronze with thiosulfate was used to replace conventional toxic silver plating with cyanide in accordance of the characteristics of the beryllium bronze .

从分析铍青铜材料的特殊性入手，针对性地采取有效的前处理工艺措施，以硫代硫酸盐镀银取代传统的有毒的氰化镀银，分析了银镀层变色的原因并提出了相应的抗变色处理措施。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。