铜蓝

He found that the red pigment proved to be iron oxide, hematite; a yellow consisted of clay containing iron or yellow ochre; a blue color was a finely powdered glass; and a pale blue was a copper carbonate, probably azurite; green were malachite; black was charcoal or boneblack; gray, a limestone mixed with charcoal; and a quantity of pigment remaining in a paint pot used in the decoration, contained a mixture of hematite with limestone and clay.

他发现红颜料是铁的氧化物赤铁矿；黄色颜料由含有铁或黄赭色粘土组成；蓝颜色为细微的玻璃粉；而普蓝就是碳酸铜，或许是蓝铜矿；绿颜料为孔雀石；黑色为木炭或骨黑；灰色，石灰石混合木炭而成；而一些颜料残留在用于彩绘装饰的颜料瓶里，含有赤铁矿与石灰石及粘土的混合物。

Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.

中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料，分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异，以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究，矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆，铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响，从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。

Ild type azurin is immobilized using a disulphide bridge to form a covalent bond with gold surfaces.

T和K27C两种铜蓝蛋白在表面分布和分子高度上都存在差异。

It is concluded that binding of K27C mutant azurin to gold surfaces occurs preferentially through surface cysteine rather than the disulphide bridge.

利用导电原子力显微镜(Conducting-AFM)将蛋白质组装在导电针尖上与导电基底相接触，来研究铜蓝蛋白的电子传递。

Due to the original Simmons model only predict the symmetric I-V behaviour, a modified Simmons model, which considered the observed spectra asymmetry in terms of inequivalent Fermi level shifts of the two contacts, was proposed to describe the I-V behaviour of azurin.

由于原始的Simmons模型只能预测对称的I-V特性，而实验观察到的I-V曲线是不对称的，是故本文提出了修正的Simmons模型（考虑了费米能级在两个接触界面处的不对称偏移）来描述铜蓝蛋白的I-V特性。

The ceruloplasmin was expressed at 6 hours after modeling and the positive cells located in retinal inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer and out plexiform layer of retina.

铜蓝蛋白参与了RIR损伤的早期过程，其作用可能是清除自由基和保护视网膜。

Objective To explore the concentration changes of the serum acute-phase proteins,including α1-acid glycoprotein,α1-antitrypsin,haptoglobinand cernloplamin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and seronegative spondyloarthropathy in active stage and their clinical significance.

目的 观察活动期类风湿性关节炎和血清阴性脊柱关节病患者血清4种急性时相反应蛋白α1-酸性糖蛋白、α1-抗胰蛋白酶、触珠蛋白和铜蓝蛋白浓度的变化及其临床意义。

Metal-insulator-metal junctions have been constructed by sandwiching chemisorbed protein molecules between a conducting AFM tip and the conducting substrate.

由于蛋白质的机械强度可能与蛋白质的三维空间构造直接相关，那么维持铜蓝蛋白三级结构的力大约为80nN。

The oral administration of the Cu2+ chelator TM could reduce neointimal thickening after balloon injury in the rat.

在服用TM前、手术当日和服用TM最后一天测定血浆铜蓝蛋白水平，使之在手术前降低到基础水平的（20±2）％，并维持到取材当天。

The experiment research shows that the Cu2O catalyzed by visible light make the methylene blue and methyl orange to degrade more than 90%, and the Cu2O can be used for several times.

第三、四章中用氧化亚铜进行光催化活性研究，试验表明在可见光照射下，氧化亚铜能使亚甲基蓝和甲基橙溶液经过一段时间降解达到90%以上；并且氧化亚铜能重复使用几次。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。