钨酸

The Mg〓 ions in solution take part in the formation of passivation film, which was thicker than that formed in solution without Mg〓. In natural saturated air water and aerated water, the effect of several kinds of anions, dissolved oxygen pH and Ca〓, Mg〓 ions on corrosion inhibition of tungstate was investigated.

钨酸盐作为主要成分的缓蚀剂已经开始实际应用，但是对其缓蚀机理、特别是复配使用时的协同增效机理研究不多，本论文对钨酸盐及其复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀作用和协同增效机理进行了研究，并研究开发了环保型无磷钨系复合水处理剂。

A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising: a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of at least four fluorine atoms and at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron, and, optionally, ionizable hydrogen atoms, and optionally, one or more oxygen atoms; a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component being at least 1:5; sufficient free acid to give the composition a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.0; a component selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-containing inorganic oxyanions and phosphonate anions; and a component selected from the group consisting of water-soluble and water-dispersible organic polymers and polymer-forming resins and, preferably, also including a component selected from the group consisting of tungstate, molybdate, silicotungstate, and silicomolybdate anions.

通过对包含以下成分的含水酸性液体进行干燥，可以在金属上形成无铬的转换涂层，该涂层与普通铬酸盐转换涂层相比，至少在抗腐蚀质量上等效：$_一种阴离子成分，所述各个阴离子包括至少4个氟原子，至少选自钛、锆、铪、硅与硼元素中的1个原子。任选地可离解的氢原子，任选地1个或多个氧原子；$_一种选自钴、镁、锰、锌、镍、锡、锆、铁与铜元素的阳离子成分，上述成分的阳离子总数与成分内的阴离子总数之比至少为1∶5；$_足够的游离酸以使该组合物的pH值在0.5～5.0的范围内；$_一种选自含磷的无机含氧阴离子与膦酸盐阴离子的成分；$一种选自水溶性与水可分散性有机聚合物与聚合物形成的树脂的成分，优选还包括一种选自钨酸盐、钼酸盐、钨硅酸盐与钼硅酸盐阴离子的成分。

In order to improve the electro-catalytic activity of platinum based catalyst to methanol oxidation, in this thesis, firstly prepare heteropoly acid modified Pt/GC electrode with different concentration by cyclic voltammetry method, and then test the cyclic voltammetry curves individually in vitriolic and methanol solution. The study shows the best concentration for both phosphomolybdic acid and phosphotungstic acid is 1×10~(-3)mol/L. And find the more heteropoly acid modified on electrode, the lower peak-up potential towards methanol because of the existence of oxygenous species.

为了改善铂基催化剂氧化甲醇的催化活性，本论文首先通过循环伏安扫描法制备了不同浓度磷钼酸和磷钨酸修饰的Pt/GC电极，通过研究Pt/GC电极在修饰前后在硫酸溶液中及含甲醇的硫酸溶液中的循环伏安行为发现，磷钼酸和磷钨酸均能在PtRu/C电极上发生氧化还原反应，而且杂多酸修饰浓度对Pt/GC电极氧化甲醇的催化活性有很大影响。

The effects of the spray-drying process of the ammonium paratungstate and the carburization temperature on the formation of the precusor and WC powder were investigated.

采用喷雾干燥-固定床法制备碳化钨粉末，研究了喷雾干燥和碳化反应温度对制备偏钨酸铵前驱体以及碳化钨的影响，前驱体粉末呈现均匀的球状形态，平均粒径为10~20μm，喷雾温度对影响粒径大小和分布影响小；400℃的进口温度下进行喷雾干燥，喷雾粉末仍然保持偏钨酸铵原来的基本组成不发生分解。

Ammonium paratungstate has a great effect on the properties of the blue tungsten oxide , and blue tungsten oxide has a great effect on tungsten and tungsten carbide powder also; The tungsten carbide powder of good quality can be made from APT or blue tungsten oxide treated by a special process.

仲钨酸铵对蓝钨性能影响较大，而蓝钨物理性能对钨粉和碳化钨粉的性能影响也较大，通过对APT煅烧前或煅烧后进行特殊处理优选蓝钨原料，可以制取优质碳化钨粉。

WO3, an interlayer compound prepared by J. W. Johnson (1981) using yellow tungstic oxide hydrate. Suspension of white powdery tungstic acid in anhydrous pyridine yields on standing for 2 wk whiteHW4O13.3H2O. IR and DTA studies revealed the connection between that pyridine polytungstate and white powdery tungstic acid (microcryst.), whose composition may thereby be assigned as H2W4O13.nH2O.

WO3。粉状白钨酸在无水吡啶中放置两周后可得到另一种化学式为(C5H5NH)HW4O13.3H2O的吡啶化合物，经IR和DTA研究可初步说明该化合物与粉状白钨酸之间的联系，并因此推测白钨酸的组成可能为H2W4O13.nH2O。

The capsaicin in the sample was alkalized with NaOH solution and mixed with phosphotungstic acid and phospho-molybdic acid , the blue heteropoly acid salt has characteristic absorption at 660 nm.

对以辣椒碱为单剂和复配剂制成生物农药中辣椒碱总量的测定条件研究结果表明，含有辣椒碱的生物农药试料，辣椒碱在碱性溶液中与磷钨酸-磷钼酸作用，生成蓝色的磷钨酸–磷钼酸杂多酸盐，在660nm有最大吸收，其吸光度与溶液中辣椒碱的含量成正比。

Catalytic synthesis of ethyl chloroacetate with phospho-molybdic acid ;2. The capsaicin in the sample was alkalized with NaOH solution and mixed with phosphotungstic acid and phospho-molybdic acid , the blue heteropoly acid salt has characteristic absorption at 660 nm.

对以辣椒碱为单剂和复配剂制成生物农药中辣椒碱总量的测定条件研究结果表明，含有辣椒碱的生物农药试料，辣椒碱在碱性溶液中与磷钨酸-磷钼酸作用，生成蓝色的磷钨酸–磷钼酸杂多酸盐，在660nm有最大吸收，其吸光度与溶液中辣椒碱的含量成正比。

Preparation of nano Zn-phtalate with different morphologies ;2. And the morphologies of lead tungstate crystal were different when different surfactants of polygycol 200 and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide were added in the experiments.

讨论了表面活性剂对钨酸铅低维粉体形貌的影响，认为PEG200对分散性良好的钨酸铅纳米晶的生成起了关键作用，而CTAB则促进了成形良好的菱形钨酸铅微晶的生成。

Sodium tungstate and tungsten carbide are applied in tungsten coat as raw materials, the applications of tungsten are brought into play.

电沉积含钨镀层所用含钨原料主要是钨酸钠、碳化钨等，所得含钨镀层性能特色明显，其钨用量很少，发挥钨功能很大。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。