钢筋

The relationship between stress and strain of concrete in prestressed concrete bridge s is written as algebraic form within load duration and the equilibrium equations of internal force and compatibility conditions are introduced.

首先将预应力混凝土桥梁中考虑收缩、徐变影响的任意时刻混凝土应力、应变关系在持荷时段内写成代数形式，引入内力平衡方程及变形协调条件后，提出了计入截面上钢筋位置、配筋率、预应力钢筋松弛、混凝土弹性模量随时间变化等影响的徐变效应分析的全量形式自动递进法，并建立了计算式，适用于任何形式的收缩、徐变特性表达式；基于建立的全量形式公式，可方便地求解任意时刻混凝土、钢筋的应力与应变和梁体竖向变形。

The method which is used to measure and compute moment, yield and turning angle by steel bar gauge is introduced in detail. According to the measuring results, the horizontal critical load of the testing pile is 120 kN. The steel bar gauge measuring results show that the largest moment is located in the depth from 2 m to 3 m under the horizontal load, it transfers to the deeper location with the increase of the horizontal load, and the bend distortion only occurs in the upper of 1/3 pile length.

结合实际工程详细地介绍了利用钢筋计测试水平荷载作用下桩身弯矩、挠度和转角分布的方法，根据桩顶位移和钢筋内力测试结果判定试验桩的水平临界荷载为120 kN；根据钢筋计测试结果可知，在水平荷载作用下，桩身最大弯矩截面位于在地面以下2～3 m处，且随着荷载的增大最大弯矩截面逐渐向深部转移；发生弯曲变形的部分主要是桩长1/3以上的桩体，而其下的桩体几乎不发生变形。

From press press reinforcing steel bar rustily the angle that causes concrete compressive strength to drop, of the concrete component that studied reinforcing steel bar of press press district is rustily suffer a turn to bear the weight of force, put forward the concrete component with rustily reinforcing steel bar of press press district to bear the weight of the computational model of force and computational method.

概要： 从受压钢筋锈蚀引起混凝土抗压强度下降的角度，探究了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件的受弯承载力，提出了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件承载力的计算模型和计算方法。

The application of welded reinforcing bar net in bridge construction is introduced. The bridge top build with it has advantages: simple paving design, constructing conveniently, high efficiency, quality guaranteed.

介绍了钢筋焊接网在桥梁建设中的应用，钢筋焊接网桥面具有铺装设计简单、场施工方便、效，施工质量有可靠保证的优点，大量的工程实践表明钢筋焊接网的应用具有广阔的发展空间。

The results of the site experiment showed that the reinforcing bar stresses during construction period were not very high and changed mainly with the variation of concrete temperature after the deadweight stress was formed.

为此，在三峡水利枢纽永久船闸输水隧洞北一延长段NY9和NY10结构段，进行了浇筑温控混凝土和常规混凝土的衬砌温度与钢筋应力现场试验研究，分析了衬砌中钢筋在施工期的受力情况及其变化发展规律，对钢筋应力与混凝土温度变化的关系进行了深入分析。

As a result of its lower cost and simpler operation method,the mechanical connections promote the quality of concrete structural steel bar connection,accelerate the construction progress and reduce the project cost.

近年来，钢筋机械连接技术发展迅速，国内外均已开发出能充分发挥钢筋母材强度的等强级机械连接接头，施工速度快，成本低，从而为提高混凝土结构钢筋连接工程质量，加快工程进度，降低工程成本创造了条件。

To give the definition of the mass concrete and to concrete\'s cracks together with practical meanings of control ,and give a brief review on the research in the field at home and abroad, at last, methods to control temperature crack of the mass concrete from several aspects such as design measures,concrets material, construction schedules.etc are summed up; To explain the physical mechanics of the concrete and computing methods-Difference Method and Finite Element Method, and illustrate the application of their specific methods repectively;Several temperature factors that can influence the temperature stress of mass concrete baseplate are analyzed. The influence degree of temperature factor can be got through the ANSYS simulation computation the control of temperature can control the temperature stress, consequently control the temperature crack of mass concert baseplate; through the influence of the crack resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate which takes the reinforcement as a part is analyzed. By ANSYS simulation, the best suited volume ratio of reinforcement is found out, at same time the layout of reinforcement with the same volume ratio can also affect the resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate. Sum up of above analysis, anti-crack function of steel bar in early mass concrete baseplate is obvious, so it\'s necessary to consider beneficial effect of construction steel bar in research of temperature control on mass concrete baseplate.

本文先容了大体积混凝土及混凝土裂缝的基本概念，对国内外在这个领域里的研究现状作了扼要叙述，并从结构设计、混凝土材质、施工措施等方面总结了大体积混凝土温度裂缝控制的方法及防止措施；阐述了混凝土的基本物理力学性能，总结了大体积混凝土温度计算的方法——差分法和有限元法，并分别举例说明其具体应用的方法；分析了影响大体积混凝土底板温度应力的几种温度因素，利用ANSYS模拟计算，得出了每种因素的影响程度，通过分析提出了在这几种温度影响因素下如何通过控制温度以达到控制温度应力从而来控制裂缝的具体建议；针对大体积混凝土基础底板中配筋的不同对混凝土底板抗裂能力的影响不同，利用ANSYS进行模拟分析，得出底板中最合适的体积配筋率，同时分析了在相同体积配筋率下钢筋的具体布置对大体积混凝土基础底板抗裂能力的影响，分析表明，配置钢筋对混凝土结构的开裂阻止作用明显，在研究大体积混凝土温度裂缝题目时，要考虑钢筋在其中的有利作用。

This paper takes the cylindrical boult of the 40 flour mills as the object of study,establishes the corresponding mechanics model ,connects theory to reality,designs the nut conicity,then uses the same conicity offsetting poor alignment between the nut and the cylindrical boult,decomposes reinforcingsteel radia.

以40型面粉机圆筒筛为研究对象，建立相应的力学模型，通过理论结合实际，设计螺母锥度，在螺母与圆筒筛之间采用同锥度错位配合，将钢筋的径向受力通过锥面分解到钢筋轴向一部分，使得钢筋在轴向和径向都保持尽可能小地受力。

Finally, considering the request of the GFRP bars reinforced furan resin concrete electrobath, we designed the structure of the electrobath and use finite element method to analyse it.

最后结合玻璃钢筋呋喃树脂混凝土电解槽的设计与开发，对电解槽的配筋布置、结构尺寸进行了设计，用有限元方法对电解槽的整体结构进行了计算分析，并考虑了玻璃钢筋预应力的影响，其设计计算结果已在玻璃钢筋呋喃树脂混凝土电解槽的实际生产中得到了应用，且使用情况良好。

Finally, considering the request of the GFRP bars reinforced furan resin concrete electrobath, we designed the structure of the electrobath and use finite element method to analyse it. In the process, pre-stress also was considered. The result of use in practice indicate the properties of GFRP bars can meet the request of electrobath structure.

最后结合玻璃钢筋呋喃树脂混凝土电解槽的设计与开发，对电解槽的配筋布置、结构尺寸进行了设计，用有限元方法对电解槽的整体结构进行了计算分析，并考虑了玻璃钢筋预应力的影响，其设计计算结果已在玻璃钢筋呋喃树脂混凝土电解槽的实际生产中得到了应用，且使用情况良好。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。