钢种

For KISC, the technology shall firstly use high-phosphorus ironstone efficiently which can not completed by the current picking technology or blast furnace process, to greatly reduce ironstone cost that occupies the most proportion of iron and steel production cost, easy cost pressure caused by international and domestic shortage of production materials, induce transportation risk, to assuringly supply KISC with a great deal of cheap raw materials and create great economic profit; Secondly it shall promote KISC to update its products, especially high-added-value products of lowest phosphorus and lowest sulfur, to enhance its ability to adapt market and gain profit; Thirdly it shall improve technical and economic indexes of blast furnace and converter, and be helpful for efficient blast smelting and less-slag melting of converter process; Furthermore the technology shall greatly promote the stable operation of melting process and the control of the production of high-temperature and high-quality casting blank, to realize efficient continuous casting and continuous casting and rolling to improve KISCs production intensification; Finally the technology shall distribute melting functions and optimize production processes, to improve the auto-control of melting and continuous casting, to realize the integrated management of technology, equipment, production organization and management, logistic management, and production running of smelting, continuous casting and rolling.

对昆钢而言，该技术的应用，首先可以经济有效地实现现有采选技术及高炉冶炼所不能完成的高磷铁矿石的利用，大幅度降低在钢铁生产中占绝大比例的原料成本，缓解国际国内生产原料紧张而造成的成本压力，为昆钢创造巨大的经济效益；其次可以促进昆钢产品的升级换代特别是高附加值超低磷、超低硫钢种的开发，增强昆钢的市场适应能力和效益创造能力；再次可促进高炉及转炉技术经济指标的改善，降低生产成本，且利于转炉生产实现高效吹炼和少渣冶炼；此外，该工艺能显著提高冶炼环节的平稳顺行及高温、高质量铸坯生产的可控程度，可实现高效连铸和连铸连轧生产，提高昆钢生产的集约化程度；最后，该工艺能实现冶炼功能的分工和生产流程的优化，可提高昆钢炼钢与连铸生产的计算机自动控制程度，有效促进炼钢—连铸—轧钢的工艺、设备、生产组织和管理、物流管理、生产操作等环节的一体化管理的实现。

The ACC water cooling process of low C-Mn steel is confirmed in research of three austenite transformations in production.

通过在生产实践中对奥氏体3种基本转变类型的研究，确立了低碳锰钢系列不同钢种的ACC水冷工艺。

By means of thermodynamics calculation and analysis for samples,the carburization was further researched.

钢中的碳对超低碳钢的性能有很大的影响，针对鞍钢 ASP 中薄板坯连铸生产超低碳钢异钢种连浇过程中铸坯增碳的问题，通过理论计算和取样分析，对异钢种连浇过程铸坯增碳进行了研究，并对工艺进行改进。

The experiments were carried out by MoSi2 furnace and in MgO crucible. The experimented steel was heavy rail steel and SiCaBa alloy was used as the deoxidizer.

实验用氧化镁质坩埚在MoSi2炉上进行，实验钢种为重轨钢，选用Si-Ca-Ba合金为脱氧剂。

The influence of MgO-CaO, MgO-Al2O3 and Al2O3-MgO refractories on inclusion content and composition of 82B steel was studied. The change in inclusion type and size in the samples taken after holding molten steel in refractory crucible of induction furnace at 1450°C for 80 mm was investigated by means of SOLIM worker, image analysis, SEM and EDAX.

利用大样电解、图像分析、扫描电镜和能谱分析等检测手段研究了82B钢种选用Al203-MgO、MaO-Al2O3和Mg-CaO炉衬在1450℃保持80min后生成的夹杂物种类和变化。

The process of producing low-carbon aluminium killed steel using new deoxidant in the steelmaking plant of Baotou Iron and Steel Co was introduced.

介绍了包钢炼钢厂小方坯连铸机开发生产新钢种以及转炉采用新型复合脱氧剂生产低碳铝镇静钢的工艺路线，采用新型工艺路线及脱氧剂脱氧合金化后，Al收得率平均提高1倍以上，钢中氧的质量分数控制在10×10-6~50×10-6，低碳铝镇静钢的炼成率达99%以上，铸坯质量合格

The compositional limits,deoxidation practice and heat treament which the manufacturer proposes to use for the various steel grades,as detailed in the Rules for Materials,and for which approval is required.

处理限定？：生产商针对不同钢种所采用的去氧处理和热处理，正如材料原则所规定的和批准的那样。期待大家的交流。谢谢！

So the braking prescription should be performed strictly, furthermore, the sudden and urgent braking should be avoided to the best of our abilities.In the end, the thermal fatigue lives were evaluated by the finite element method. It was proved that the thermal fatigue life of improved steel (ZG35CrMoRE) was higher than that of the formers. It was also found that the quantitative evaluations of the thermal fatigue lives of brake disc were acquirable, by putting the equivalent plastic strain, which was analyzed with finite element methods, and the material mechanical property parameters into the formula of Manson-Coffon to calculate its lives. Therefore, theoretical method can be provided to develop new brake disc steel and to prolong its lives.

为了进一步提高刹车鼓的使用寿命，对新试制的钢种进行了热疲劳寿命评估，验证了改进后的钢种在相同的使用工况下具有更高的热疲劳寿命；评估结果还表明利用有限元数值分析计算相应的等效塑性应变，结合材料力学性能参数，代入Manson-Coffin热疲劳寿命公式可以对刹车鼓的热疲劳寿命做出定量评估，从而为刹车鼓用钢的研制和刹车鼓寿命的提高提供了理论依据。

At last, the cutting mechanism of these steels were studied by the cutting force, cutting temperature and metallograph. Theoretical supports and improvement suggestions to the enterprise were provided through the work.

在对参试钢种的综合性能及工业应用前景作出全面客观评估的同时，也指出了参试材料有待进一步改善的一些问题，本文的工作可为研制钢种今后的工业化生产提供必要的决策依据。

Requirement on steel cleanliness is more and more strict with the development of steel grades smelted in converter changing from traditional plain carbon steel to high extra value grade.

随着转炉冶炼的钢种由传统的普碳钢向高附加值钢种方向的发展，对钢的纯净度提出了越来越高的要求。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。