钙化

This paper presents a study on PCD examples occurring on coralline algae, which are significant in ecology for their role as reef builder.

本文报导对一项发生在钙化藻的程序性细胞死亡的研究，钙化藻是种造礁藻类，在生态上很重要。

Background— Fetuin-A is a multifunctional hepatic secretory protein that inhibits dystrophic vascular and valvular calcification.

背景---胎球蛋白A是具有多功能由肝脏分泌的蛋白质，它抑制了营养不良性血管和心瓣膜钙化的发生，较低的胎球蛋白A血清浓度和肾终末期疾病患者的心瓣膜钙化是相联系的。

Lymph node calcification is not uncommon, and can be "egg-shell" in appearance.

淋巴结钙化不常见，但可以出现蛋壳样钙化。

Results (1) 6 cases of Tuberous Sclerosis. Diffused subependymal nodular calcification lesions were found in all cases on unenhenced CT. 4 patients are 2 pairs of mother/child relationship. Both of the two mothers are found to suffer from renal angiomyolipoma.(2)1 case of neurofibromatosis showed abnormal spinal canal: scoliosis of thoracic and lumbar spine, concave change of vertebral posterior border. Bilateral renal hypogenesis was found in this patient. Diffused hyper-density lesions were found in kidney and fatty accumulation was found in back skin.(3)6 cases of Sturge-Weber syndrome. On unenhenced CT, curving and strip-shaped calcifications were found along the parietal and occipital gyrus.

结果 ①结节性硬化6例，所有病例CT平扫见两侧脑室室管膜下多发小结节状高密度钙化灶，其中4例为两对母子关系，并见两位母亲合并有肾脏错构瘤，；②神经纤维瘤病1例，MRI表现为椎管异常，胸腰段脊柱侧弯，椎体后缘呈明显的切凹改变；伴有双肾发育不良，CT示肾内多个高密度影，背部皮肤多量脂肪堆积，③脑颜面血管瘤综合征6例， CT可见顶枕部沿脑回分布的弯曲的条状高密度钙化，部分延伸致侧脑室内，增强后见病灶内有扭曲的条状和结节状明显强化的血管影；④小脑血管瘤病4例，影像学表现为小脑内大囊、小结节样占位性病变。

Curvilinear calcification suggests an aneurysm but is a less specific finding because it can also occur in craniopharyngiomas and sphenoidal masses. The intense enhancement of the residual lumen is relatively specific, but differentiation from other masses may be difficult on CT scans depending on the timing and degree of vascular enhancement. The MR imaging features are usually diagnostic, although they can be very subtle [2]. Significant signal heterogeneity is seen with T1 hyperintense signal due to subacute thrombus or flow related enhancement. Areas of T2 hypointensity can be seen due to intracellular deoxy or methemoglobin, calcification, or flow void.

线样钙化提示动脉瘤，但不是一个非常特异的征像，因为这也可以见于颅咽管瘤和蝶骨肿瘤，管腔样明显强化更特异些，但是在CT上与其他肿瘤鉴别可能是困难的，因为这取决与增强的时间与血管强化的程度，MR的特征性表现是更具有诊断意义的，即使有时候可能表现的非常细微，在T1上可以看到明显的不同信号成分，这是由于亚急性的血栓或流动相关增强效应，T2序列上可以看到低信号区域，这是由于细胞内脱氧或高铁血红蛋白，钙化，或流空效应。

Birth, the permanent teeth in the deciduous tooth germ had been under, with the exception of the first molar (ie, age 6 teeth) in the neonatal period has begun to calcification, the calcification of permanent teeth is carried out in infancy, Therefore, the infant not only to protect the deciduous teeth, but also in order to obtain a fit and lay the foundation for permanent teeth.

婴儿出生时，恒牙的牙胚就已在乳牙之下，除第一磨牙（即6龄牙）在新生儿时期已开始钙化外，一部分恒牙的钙化是在婴儿期进行的，因此，婴儿期不仅要保护好乳牙，还要为获得一副健美的恒牙奠定基础。

Objective To study the surgical techniques and results of arthroscopic treatment of calcifying tendinitis of rotator cuff .

目的探讨关节镜下钙化灶清理治疗肩袖钙化性肌腱炎的手术方法和临床效果。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a).

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a). Thickened tracheal cartilage with irregular calcification is seen with CT (Fig 10b).

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a). Thickened tracheal cartilage with irregular calcification is seen with CT (Fig 10b). Multiple nodules, with or without calcification, may project into the airway lumen.

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。