针状体

After the initiation of crack, the crack propagating of alloys with 0.5%Ce addition is accelerated evidently because of the appearance of needle rear earth rich phases which dissever the matrix and lead to the decrease of mechanical properties and thermal fatigue resistance.

加入0.5%Ce的合金在裂纹形成后期扩展速度明显加快，这是因为合金中出现针状富稀土相，这种针状相割裂了基体，使得合金力学性能降低、热疲劳抗力下降。

Ti composite oxide could promote the formation of acicular ferrite and microstructure of coarse-grain HAZ of Ti treated steel consists of ferrit in grain boundaries, ferrite side plate and large amount of intragranular acicular ferrite.

复合Ti的氧化物具有促进晶内针状铁素体形核的能力，焊接粗晶区主要由晶界铁素体、少量的侧板条铁素体和大量的晶内针状铁素体组成。

And at 600℃,in addition to needle carbide,there was pearlite.

在500℃时效处理时，沿晶界形核并向晶内生长的针状碳化物与母相奥氏体之间的位向关系和在晶内析出的针状碳化物的不同；以及在晶内析出的针状碳化物可以交叉生长。

Magnetic flux tubes that tilted away from the vertical can focus and guide the rising material up into the solar atmosphere to form a spicule.

被垂直掀动的磁流管可能聚集并引导物质上升进入大气层内形成针状体。

The transformation conditions and natures of acicular ferrite in the weld metal of microalloy steel s were analyzed systematically.

系统地分析了微合金钢焊缝金属中针状铁素体组织的形成条件及特点，对夹杂物粒径、数量进行了统计分析，并阐述了针状铁素体的形核位置。

The results show that upper bainite of 9Cr2Mo Steel and GCr15 steel is feathery and the upper bainite carbide is lamellar or claviform. The upper bainite carbide distributes between the subunits of bainite ferrites by and large parallelly to the axis of bainite ferrites. Lower bainite of 9Cr2Mo Steel and GCr15 steel is in bamboo leaf shape and the lower bainite carbide is in shred or fibre shape. The lower bainite carbide distributes between the bainite ferrites, furthermore, the angles between lower bainite carbonide and the principal axis of the lower bainite ferrites are unequal.

结果表明，9Cr2Mo钢和GCr15钢的上贝氏体组织呈羽毛状，上贝氏体碳化物呈长短不一的薄片状或短棒状，分布在铁素体亚片条或亚单元之间，其排列与贝氏体铁素体片条轴向大体上平行分布；下贝氏体组织呈竹叶状或针状，下贝氏体碳化物呈细片状或纤维状等形状，分布在铁素体片中间，大多数与片条的主轴方向交角排列，但角度不等。

Crystal habit: prismatic crystals elongated on c, often flattened on {100} with deep vertical striations, also can be acicular or in cleavable masses.

晶体结构特征：单斜晶系，柱状晶体，扁平柱状晶体，常有熔蚀现象，并有明显的三角形表面印痕。菱面体样块体结构，常有较深垂直条纹，有时呈针状或者集合状

The results show that the toughness of over-heated zone increased greatly because of austenite film lying in lathy martensite and a few ferrite.The toughness of fine grained zone decreased due to many factors,such as acicular martensite,a small quantity of austenite film,carbide separation and so on.

结果表明，10Ni8CrMoV这一新型钢种的模拟焊接热影响区的过热区和细晶区表现出与绝大多数材料完全相反的规律，过热区存在少量的铁素体组织，马氏体板条束之间形成了一定量的奥氏体薄膜，这些韧度相的存在使得过热区的冲击韧度与基体相比有了较大的提高；细晶区部位奥氏体含量很少，细小的板条马氏体端部呈针状特征造成应力集中，易于诱发裂纹。

Moreover, its microstructural characters possess several configurations under TEM, which are (1) ferrite laths with obvious interface,(2) ferrite laths without obvious interface, but the interface can be discerned faintly from the linear arrangment of those directional islands,(3) the coexistence of ferrite laths and non--equiaxed grains. These are somewhat different from those of weld structures, which are generally thought to consist of an assemblage of interwoven ferrite laths.

管线用针状铁素体钢热轧板材中有明显界面的板条束或针状片条束；没有明显界面的板条束或针状片条束，可根据条状物或岛状物的有方向性的线状分布依稀辨别界面的存在；板条或针状片条与非等轴晶共存等多种不同形态，并不象焊接组织那样通常是单一的针状片条束或板条束形态。

The results show that BS 460MPa grade reinforced bar can be produced all from Q235 or 20MnSi billet by the remained heat treatment process but the production cost of the former is lower. When the water pressure minishes, the intensities of reinforced bar reduce; the higher the temperature at the entrance of cooling bed is, the lower the intensities are. Therefore, the commendatory process parameters are that five stages coolers should be opened, water pressure should be all 1.8～2.0MPa and the temperature at the entrance of cooling bed of Q235 reinforced bar should lower than 650℃. The typical microstructure(Q235): the surface layer is tempered sorbite; the transition layer is pearlite and ferrite, and the partial ferrite is acicular; the core is pearlite and ferrite and the grain fineness is 8～10 grade. The yield strength is reduced by 10～20MPa after natural ageing and it can be simulated by artificial ageing(100℃×2h or 200℃×1h).

结果表明，Q235和20MnSi钢都可以利用余热处理工艺生产出性能合格的钢筋，但前者的生产成本较低；水压减小，钢筋强度降低，上冷床温度越高，强度越低，推荐5段水冷器全开，水压均为1.8～2.0MPa，Q235钢筋的上冷床温度应控制在650℃以下；钢筋典型的金相组织（Q235）表层为回火索氏体，过渡层为珠光体+铁素体且部分铁素体呈针状，心部为珠光体+铁素体，晶粒度8～10级；自然时效后屈服强度下降10～20MPa，用人工时效可以模拟自然时效，工艺是100℃×2h或200℃×1h。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。