量测分析

With the development of science and technology, sensitive, rapid, reproducible, simple and accurate analytical methods are required for the determination of trace elements in geological, biological and environmental samples. The direct determination of extremely low concentration of trace element with modern atomic spectroscopic method, such as atomic absorption spectrometry is so difficult. On one hand, the limitations are associated not only with the insufficient sensitivity of these techniques but also with matrix interference.

随着科学技术技术的发展，在进行地质、环境、生物等样品中痕量金属元素的测定时，常常要求达到ppb级的水平，虽然火焰原子吸收分光光度法具有很高的灵敏度，但是要直接测定这些样品中的痕量组分却很难，这是因为，一方面，样品本身的物理化学状态有的不适合直接测定，或组分的含量低于分析方法的灵敏度；另一方面是存在基体干扰。

Primers used in PCR were designed based on the sequence of mitochondrial 16S rDNA (AJ250642 and AF312718) and beta-actin (AY910691) of Eriocheir sinensis which had been deposited in GenBank. PCR analysis using total DNA from muscle, branchia, testis and sperm indicated that 16S rDNA exhibited different expression in the four samples. Beta-actin gene was detected plentiful in all the four tissues/cells and exhibited the same expression pattern. 16S rDNA gene amplification was detected at high levels in muscle and branchia, appreciable low in testis and very low in sperm. The PCR products of 16S rDNA gene were sequenced and aligned with the sequence of 16S rDNA from GenBank (AJ250642 and AF3 12718), and the alignment result showed there was no difference between them.

通过GenBank中的中华绒鳌蟹线粒体16S rDNA序列设计引物，利用PCR扩增方法，以beta-actin做内参，检测了中华绒螯蟹肌肉、鳃、精巢和精子中线粒体16S rDNA扩增情况，发现各组织或细胞beta-actin扩增片段大小、条带宽度和亮度基本一致，表明各模板DNA量基本一致；而在同一DNA浓度下，16S rDNA的扩增片段长度虽一致，但其产物量存在明显差异，精子16s rDNA产物量显著低于其他3种组织，其条带宽度和亮度很弱；16S rDNA扩增产物经测序分析及比对证明与已有序列完全吻合。

Flow cytometric also used for analysis the levels of reactive oxygen species, Ca2+ and mitochondrial membrane potential in both cell lines. The results showed Gyp promoted ROS and Ca2+ production and decreased the MMP level. Western blotting show that Gyp treatment gradually decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), but increased the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein.

除此之外，也藉由流式细胞仪分析测得经绞股蓝皂甘作用后的人类血癌细胞（HL-60）和小鼠血癌细胞（WEHI-3）里的活性氧化物浓度上升、钙离子释放以及粒线体膜电位下降等细胞凋亡重要指标，此结果可经由西方墨点法指出绞股蓝皂甘能使癌细胞中的抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表现量下降；促凋亡蛋白Bax表现量上升，同时也藉由共轭焦显微镜观察到致死蛋白AIF、Endo-G从粒线体释放至细胞核。

The horizontal angles and vertical angles were measured by aiming at target outline, by which the horizontal displacement and inclination ratios were calculated. Measurement precision of the method was analysed by the least square principle.

利用非接触的方法切准待测目标的外轮廓，测量其水平方向角和竖直角，依据测角度推算水平偏移量和倾斜率，并根据最小二乘原理分析了其测量精度。

This study is a kind nonequivalent pretest-posttest designs of quasi-experiment in life education. The experimental group is the six grade class led by the researcher, and the control group is another six grade class of the same school. The researcher executes analysis of covariance of the grade school pupils' life attitude evaluation scale and quality data, in order to explore the meaning, value and feasibility of life education. The researcher wishes to become the reference for someone who wanted to work about the life education by executing the curriculum of life education.

本研究是以实施生命教育课程为主的不等组前后测设计之准实验研究，以研究者实际教学的六年级班级为实验班，另一六年级班级为对照组，进行「国小儿童生命态度量表」前后测的共变数分析，辅以质性资料的分析，来探讨生命教育课程的意义与价值及其可行性，希望能透过研究者对於生命教育课程的实践，成为日后有志从事生命教育工作之参考依据。

A total of 44 cows was selected with more than 12-tons milk yield with a mean of 44 months of age after 12 times of milk test in average, based upon number of milk test equivalent to their second lactation, in 2006. Among of them, 8 out of 44 had more than three lactations.

再分析2006年测乳达12公吨以上乳量的牛只有44头，其平均月龄为44月，平均测乳次数12次；其中有8头是三胎以上的牛。

In chapter three the performance and structure of components of oxygen probe were especially investigated. The Cr-Cr〓O〓 powder was overcome by treatments. The reason of occurrence of thermal peaks on the EMF curves was explained. A water glass based cement which high temperature insulation was around 10MΩ within 10 seconds at 1600℃ was developed for the use of oxygen probe. The effects of tip end thickness of ZrO〓 tube and amount of reference electrode on response time and thermal equilibrium in oxygen probe were investigated. The optimum tip end thickness of ZrO〓 tube and amount of reference electrode addition were determined. It is found that the heat transfer in oxygen galvanic cell is the rate limiting-step in the response process. The national oxygen probe WOS Ⅱ type was designed and manufactured. By three batches of industrial tests its specification reached the level of American Celox Ⅱ type oxygen probe.

在第三章中分别从参比电极、高温绝缘水泥、插接件等组元入手，着重分析了其性能和结构，开发出了适合于钢液定氧用的Cr-Cr〓O〓参比电极，解决了Cr-Cr〓O〓参比电极高温产生收缩问题，解释了电动势曲线产生峰值的原因；开发了适合于定氧测头使用的水玻璃基耐火水泥，其高温绝缘电阻在1600℃，10秒以内为10MΩ左右；同时对ZrO〓管头部厚度、参比电极量对响应时间的影响以及定氧测头中的热平衡进行了研究，得出了合适的ZrO〓管头部厚度和参比电极加入量，确定了氧浓差电池中的传热是响应过程的限速步骤；设计制造了国产WOSⅡ型定氧测头，进行了三次现场定氧测试，其技术指标达到了美国Celox型定氧测头的水平。

The uncertainty principle of signal is proved according to the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics, and is further interpreted by quantum mechanics. The signal can be considered as a kind of the quasi quantum system with wave-particle dualism. Because of the wave-particle dualism of the signal, time and frequency can not be measured at the same time.

根据量子力学的测不准原理，采用力学量算符的方法得到了信号在时频分析时的测不准原理，并对该原理进行量子诠释，认为信号在某种意义下可以看作是一个存在波粒二重性的类量子系统，正是由于信号的波粒二重性导致无法同时准确地测定信号的时间和频率。

Before Investigation we carried out analysis for IAII , the results showed: The scale inside compatibility Cronbach α modulus is 0.9239 , every entry and the scale correlativity are between 0.305-0.734 , has Statistics notable difference.

测查前对网络成瘾量表进行了分析，结果显示：量表的内部一致性Cronbachα系数为0.9239，各条目与量表的相关性为0.305-0.734之间，均有统计学显著性意义。

The paper presents a new filling-sample method by which the sample quantity filled in a box depends on the energies of γ-rays to be measured. The detection efficiencies of HPGe detector were calculated by using Monte-Carlo method for various γ-ray energies and at various soil sample quantities in a box, and the optimal filling-sample quantities for different-energy γ-rays from radioactive nuclides of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K, are respectively obtained.

本文提出了样品装量与待测γ射线能量有关联的装样方法，并用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算了不同能量γ射线的探测效率与样品装量之间的关系，得到用HPGe γ谱仪分析238U、232Th、226Ra和40K等放射性核素活度各自的最佳装样量。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了