量子态

First, one. analyzes the eigenstates-from reachable sets and seeks the one which the target state belongs to. Then using the Grover iteration to amplify the probability amplitude of the desired eigenstate (the modul square of which is the probability of the corresponding eigenstate that the system will collapse to when it is measured). By measuring, the system will then collapse to the desired eigenstate with a probability of almost unity. Finally, one can use the admissible control to drive the system from the eigenstate to the target state.

该策略的核心思想是对本征态能控的系统，通过分析控制目标态与本征态的关系，寻找给定目标态所属的本征态可达集，然后利用量子非结构化搜索的Grover算法，将任意给定的系统初始态经过一定次数的Grover迭代，放大该本征态所对应的概率幅(概率幅的模方对应测量时波函数塌缩到对应本征态的概率)，然后对迭代后的态进行一次测量操作，使系统以接近1的概率塌缩到所需的本征态(前面分析得到的本征态可达集所对应的本征态)，最后用容许的控制将系统从该本征态控制到期望的目标态。

We have studied the spin injection of organic light emitting devices preliminarily. The organic light-emitting devices with ferromagnetic metal iron as the spin aligner and semi-transparent anode are fabricated.

我们认为如果能控制从阳极注入的空穴都是下自旋(自旋量子数为—1／2)从阴极注入的电子都是上自旋(自旋量子数为+1／2)，这样当他们在发光区相遇时，就只形成单线态激子而不形成三线态激子了。

Also this paper gives a definition of quantum conditional entropy of entanglement E_ A｜Band proves that it satisfies the four fundamental conditions of a entanglement measure for a kind of mixed state of 2×2 quantum system by this negative quantum conditional entropy Using conditional entropy of entanglement,this paper investigates the quantum entanglement between the two identical two-level atoms simultaneously interacting with vacuum cavity field as an application.

给出了负值量子条件作为条件熵纠缠度的定义，证明了条件熵纠缠满足作为2×2系统一类混合纠缠态量度的四个基本条件。当双量子系统处于纯态时，条件熵纠缠度即为部分熵纠缠度。

The grey scale of the pixels in image is expressed by quantum bit and the relation between two pixels is described by means of the superposition of two quantum bit in this paper.Based on this,the average of linear hermitian operator in this superposition can be used for judging the edge of image and a new method for edge detection of image is so created.The rationality of the method is interpreted by probability theory here.

利用量子比特表示图像像素的灰度，用双量子位叠加态来描述两像素之间的关联，通过线性厄米算符在该量子叠加态中的平均值来判断像素的边缘特征，由此建立了一种新的图像边缘检测方法，并从概率论的角度对该方法的合理性给予解释。

Recently, photoemission spectroscopy has been widely used for the study of quantum well states in films, several models have been developed to explain the relationship of the discrete quantum well states and photoemission spectroscopy.

近年来，光电子谱被广泛应用于薄膜中量子阱态的研究。为解释薄膜中分立的量子阱态和薄膜的光电子谱间的关系，发展了一些理论模型。

The ground-state binding energy of an exciton confined in quantum wires and quantum wells in the presence of a uniform electric field has been calculated under the effective-mass approximation using variational approach.

本文采用变分法研究了外加电场下无限深方形量子线中重空穴激子的束缚能，我们用平面波展开的方法求解在电场作用下无限深方形量子线中电子和空穴的基态能和基态波函数及低激发态的能量和波函数，并用所得到的波函数进一步计算激子的基态及低激发态的束缚能，最后计算了激子的Stark能移。

Previous theoretical workbased on Bloch-type rate equations gave an unphysical uniform occupation probabilityof the electron in the QDs even for non-identical dots.

以前基于速率方程的理论结果给出：当双量子点系统退相干达到稳态后，无论双量子点中量子点是否对称，电子在每个量子点中的概率始终一样的不正确结果。

It is found that for a properly chosen zeroth order Hamiltonian, under adiabatic approximation, the result of quantization for both the chaotic state and the regular state has the similar precision.

本论文主要进行了如下工作：运用绝热定理的方法研究耦合系统混沌态的半经典量子化，发现对于合适选择的零级哈密顿量，经典混沌态和规则态的量子化结果，在绝热近似下有相同的精度。

For the first time, we investigated the possibility of using non-minimal coupled scalar field (include Real and Complex scalar fields) as the candidate of dark energy---Quintessence or Phantom. A cosmological model droved by real scalar field with accelerating and decelerating, forever cycling and expanding was constructed. Classical and quantum wormholes with Tachyon fields were discussed in detail. The entropy of sphere symmetric black holes due to arbitrary spin fields was studied, and the proportional relations between entropy and fields degeneracy was derived. For the first time, we investigated the neutrino quasinormal modes of stationary black holes in the background of de Sitter space-time, and the quasinormal modes of Schwarzschild black holes with arbitrary spin fields. We also studied the quantum teleportation in the background of curved space-time for the first time.

中文摘要：我们首次研究了非最小耦合标量场作为宇宙暗能量－Quintessence、Phantom的可能性；构造了一个实标量场驱动的加速－减速无限循环，永恒膨胀的宇宙模型；详尽讨论了具有Tachyon场的经典和量子虫洞；研究了一般球对称黑洞缘于任意自旋量子场的熵，给出了熵与量子场简并度之间的正比关系；首次研究了deSitter背景时空下具有中微子场的稳态黑洞的似正规模与具有任意自旋场的Schwarzschild黑洞的似正规模问题；首次研究了弯曲时空背景下的量子通讯问题。

The C-V profiles display two well-separated sharp peaks that are originated from the ground and excited states of the QDs, respectively , suggesting an improved uniformity and decreased dot density. The addition of Sb can retard the 3D growth mode and expand the critical thickness of the growth mode from 2D to 3D.

G。比值从0.6937提升至1.2102与光性分析有相同趋势，半高宽有下降趋势显示随Sb增加量子点有较均匀的现象；在Sb含量最多的样品发现，随著量测频率下降基态的浓度有明显增加的趋势(2×1017增加至2.15×1019)，使的基态峰值显得更陡峭，由於可以在电性明显的量测出基态的变化，是因为量子点密度低与均匀度好的原因，这个结果与之前的分析有相同趋势。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。