量子化的

It means that dilapidated atoms pressed by self attraction produce differentiation according to the size of atomic density.

残破的原子在自引力作用形成的压力作用下，按原子密度的大小产生分异，"内核"多为显示有正电性能的密度较高的残破原子组成，"外核"为富含"公有化"电子而显示负电性能的密度相对较低的残破原子组成，这是一个地核物质量子状态变化的静态过程。

Also we use the time-dependent SU (2) gauge transformation to diagonalize the Hamilton operator, obtain the berry phase and analytically the time-evolution operator. The particle number difference of species A between the two wells is studied analytically.

此外我们还研究了在双阱玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中纠缠态的演化，研究发现随着组分间相互作用和随穿率的比值的增加系统演化到Bell态的概率变大，而且组分自身内在的相互作用对形成Bell态的几率没有影响；并且用含时Su（2）规范变换对角化哈密顿量得到了系统的Berry位相和时间演化算符，并研究了量子随穿过程。

Finally, we constructed a Laughlin-type wave function for the fractional quantum Hall states in presence of an in-plane magnetic field.

最后，在有平面内磁场的情况下，类比于Laughlin波函数，我们试图构造一种朗道规范下的分数量子霍耳态的变分基态波函数，这一波函数的有效性有待于进一步的精确对角化计算的验证。

It is embodied in the three research programs of modern physics:(1) According to the program of geometrization of physics, the essence of the Curved Space in gravitational field needs to be explicated by Riemannian geometry, differential geometry, tensor analysis;(2)According to the program of quantum field theory, the generation and annihilation operator can represen...

它分别体现在现代物理学的三大研究纲领中：(1)根据物理学的几何化纲领，引力场弯曲空间的奥秘需要通过黎曼几何、微分几何与张量分析来解读；(2)根据量子场论纲领，场理论的"产生和湮灭"算符，能方便而精确地表征和重构相关的微观作用机制；"场的本体论"和"生成辩证法"同时得到体现。

The method that combines the effective - field renormalization group with the discretized path - integral representation is extenged to study phase transition of the transverse Ising model in a quantum - spin system on the plane triangular lattice.

将离散路径积分表示下的有效场重整化群技巧推广应用于平面三角晶格上量子自旋横向Ising模型的相变研究，在这个方法中，注意区分了两种具有相同配位数而不同几何构形的晶体，并且考虑了起伏的影响，在二阶累积量近似下，得到了接近于精确解的临界值。

Constructing a unitary matrix for transformation of coordinates by means of quadratic form theory,the Hamiltonian of the 3D coordinate-momentum coupling harmonic oscillator is transformed into diagonalmatrix,it not only offer a general mathematic method for solving this kind of problems,but also have an active effect upon upgrading students ability to solve physics problems by mathematical theory.

利用二次型理论构造一个幺正矩阵进行表象变换，将|x〉表象中的三模坐标-动量耦合量子谐振子体系的哈密顿量对角化，这不仅提供了一种解决该类问题的一般数学方法，同时对培养和提升学生运用数学工具解决复杂物理问题的能力也具有积极的指导作用。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

SO〓〓/M〓O〓 solid superacid was applied to the photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants for the first time. Porous SO〓〓/TiO〓 solid superacid catalysts with high specific surface area were prepared by sol-gel method. The photocatalytic degradation of bromomethane was used as model reaction. The influence of impregnation with H〓SO〓 solution on the structure of catalysts and their photocatalytic performance was systematically studied by using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N〓 sorption analysis applying BET method, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, O〓-TPD and photocatalytic activity measurement. The acidity of TiO〓-based catalysts was investigated by Hammett indicator method, NH〓-TPD and IR spectra of pyridine adsorbtion. The mechanism of superacidifing effects on photocatalytic performances such as the photocatalytic degradation rate of bromomethane, apparent kinetic constant and apparent quantum efficiency was discussed.The results indicated that SO〓〓 is combined with metal ions of TiO〓 in a chelating bidentate mode.

本文首次将SO〓〓/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂用于光催化氧化有机污染物研究，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有多孔性和大比表面结构的二氧化钛基固体超强酸光催化剂SO〓〓/TiO〓，以光催化降解溴代甲烷为模型反应，系统地研究了H〓SO〓浸渍处理对催化剂表面酸性及其气相光催化性能的影响，结合XRD、BET、XPS、FTIR、Hammett指示剂法、吡啶吸附红外光谱、NH〓-TPD、O〓-TPD、紫外可见漫反射光谱等多种表征手段，深入地讨论了超强酸化对TiO〓的改性机理，阐明了引起SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂光催化降解溴代甲烷的转化率、表观反应速率常数和表观量子效率变化的本质原因。

The results show that the diffraction patterns for WS2 single phase were observed; the pronounced quantum size effect exists in S-W-S nano clusters, and it enhances the hybridization of different electronic shell obits and formed a closed hollow spherical structure without any dangling bond. In the lubricating process, such a system can maintain its chemical stability and decrease energy dissipation.

分析结果表明：XRD图样显示为WS2相单相；在S-W-S纳米簇团中存在显著的量子尺寸效应，该效应强化了硫原子电子壳层间的轨道杂化，使纳米级的WS2润滑晶体形成了1个没有悬键的、化学性能稳定的中空球体，在润滑过程中，这种结构可使体系保持较强的化学稳定性，能耗降低。

This spin Hamiltonian is reduced to a noninteracting fermionic system by using the Jordan-Wigner transformation, and is then diagonalised exactly. We show how to obtain the ground-state wave functions, the spectra, and the correlation functions.

本文第二章具体介绍了自旋为1/2的横磁场中的一维Ising链，通过Jordan-Wigner 变换将自旋算符变为费米算符，严格对角化其哈密顿量，得出此模型的波函数及能谱，计算出关联函数并得到由Ising 耦合引起的有序态变到无序态的量子相图。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。