重氮化作用

Students should grasp the classification of the nitration reactions and its industrial application, the main nitration reagents and the nitration method, the classification of the sulfonation reactions, the function of sulfo group and its in the industrial application, sulfonating agents and its industrial application, the separation method for the sulfonated compounds, the widespread applicationof diazonium and the coupled reactions and its in the industry specially employed in the dyes and the pigments synthesis

掌握硝化反应的分类及其在工业上的应用。掌握主要的硝化试剂和硝化方法。掌握磺化反应得分类、磺酸基的作用及其在工业上的应用。掌握磺化剂其在工业上的应用。了解磺化物得分离方法。掌握重氮化及偶合反应及其在工业上特别是在染料和颜料合成中的广泛应用。

After esterification, the ethyl-2-chloro-3-phenylpropionate reacts with diethyl malonate under the catalysis of sodium ethylate, and we obtain the corresponding triethyl ester. The-benzylsuccinic acid is formed by the triethyl ester reacting with concentrate hydrochloric acid and taking place hydrolyzation and decarboxylation reaction at the same time. In order to avoid the formation of cinnamic acid, the sodium ethylate and diethyl malonate must be react sufficiently. The course has simple operation, inexpensive materials and better yield.

具体制备工艺为：首先以L-苯丙氨酸为原料采用重氮化方法得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸，再经酯化得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸乙酯后在乙醇钠催化作用下和丙二酸二乙酯缩合，发生SN2反应，得到相应的三乙酯，然后经水解和脱羧，得到-苄基丁二酸；在实验中乙醇钠要和丙二酸二乙酯充分反应，避免生成肉桂酸乙酯；该过程操作简单，原料便宜，产率较高，总收率可达到26.8%。

It also classifies them in accordance with the compound method of triazene reagents as follows: reagents diazotizated with sodium nitrite and muriatic acid, reagents diazotizated with nitrosyl positive ion, reagents diazotizated with n-butyrate nitrite.These reagents with high sensitivity and good choice have been widely applied to the determination of microa mounts of cadmium and...

按三氮烯类试剂合成的方法进行分类，分别为在亚硝酸钠和盐酸作用下重氮化的试剂，在亚硝酰正离子作用下重氮化的试剂，在亚硝酸正丁脂作用下重氮化的试剂，此类试剂灵敏度高，选择性好，广泛应用于被镉、汞等过渡金属离子污染的环境样品的分析中。

According to Griess reaction, diazonium-salts formed from aromatic amines such as sulfonamides etc., react with NaNO_2 in acid medium and may be coupled with α-naphthylamine or diphenylamine to produce red colored compounds.

一按Griess反应芳香族胺类的重氮化鹽，如对氨基苯磺醯胺类药物等，在酸性溶液中皆能与α-萘胺或二苯胺分别偶合成偶氮色素而显紅色，过多之亞硝酸可与氮色素再作用使紅色消失而呈棕黄色。

Objective Through observing the ei'fect of the TCM decoction TangShenHuaYuJian on the kidney weight, index of kidney hypertrophy(kidney weight/body weight), blood glucose , blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, blood advanced glycation end-products, advanced glycation end-products in kidney tissue in the earlier stage of diabetic nephropalhy rats induced by injecting 3 -cytotoxins into abdomen, to explore the relationship between nonenzymatic glycosylation and diabetic nephropathy, and provide an experimental basis for clinical application and for further studying TSHYJ.

目的 通过观察糖肾化瘀煎对长期高血糖所致的早期粮尿病肾病大鼠(腹腔注射链脲佐菌素后诱导所形成)肾重、肾重指数、血糖、血尿素氮、肌酐、血糖基化终末产物AGEs、肾组织糖基化终末产物AGEs等指标的影响，从非酶糖基化角度探讨此制剂对糖尿病肾病早期的作用机理，并为糖肾化瘀煎的临床运用和进一步开发提供实验依据。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。