釉质化

Objective To evaluate the effect of fluoried protector on preventing enamel demineralization and promote enamel remineralization during orthodontic treatment, so as to provide evidence for the application of DIAGNOdent in clinic.

目的 评价氟漆在正畸治疗中防止牙釉质脱矿及促进牙釉质再矿化的效果，并为激光荧光诊断仪的临床应用提供依据。

Methods Enamel surface specimens were randomly allocated into 3 groups: 1 450 mg/L sodium fluoride dentifrice group, 1 450 mg/L sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice group and non-fluoride dentifrice control group. Sound enamel surfaces were dematerialized in bacteria model in vitro. QLF was used to analyze the area of lesionsArea, the loss of fluorescenceΔF and ΔQArea×ΔF on enamel surfaces after demineralization.

将30个牙釉质块开窗后分为3组，分别使用氟含量1 450 mg/L的氟化钠牙膏、单氟磷酸钠牙膏和无氟牙膏的处理液处理，并在体外恒化器龋病模型中进行脱矿循环，定量光导荧光技术QLF分析病损脱矿后的面积、荧光损失和总荧光损失量，激光扫描共聚焦显微镜CLSM分析脱矿后矿物质含量变化。

Objective:To observe the dynamic process of the development of dentin and enamel during their mineralization period.

目的：观察牙釉质和牙本质基质矿化过程的动态变化，为进一步阐明牙釉质和牙本质的形成机制提供依据。

AMELX, AMBN and ENAM are the major matrix proteins of enamel, and play different roles during different developing stages of tooth germs. AMELX may facilitate the growth of crystals in the early mineral stage, and act in the repairing of bone. AMBN may promote the mineralization of enamel matrix, and also keep the shape and size of crystals. ENAM may act in remineralization and promoting the growth of crystals.

AMELX、AMBN和ENAM为主要的釉质基质蛋白，在牙胚发育的不同阶段有不同的调节矿化的作用，AMELX在釉质矿化早期促进晶体生长，而其在骨中的表达则进一步表明其在骨修复中可能的作用；AMBN促进釉质基质矿化，并维持晶体形状、大小；ENAM促进和维持晶体生长，并与再矿化有关。

Simmer. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that the temporal and spatial expression patterns of AMELX, AMBN and ENAM in ameloblasts and enamel matrix were different. With the mineralization of enamel matrix, expression of AMELX decreased, but it weakly expressed in adjacent bone.

结果：免疫组化结果显示，三种蛋白在三种小鼠牙胚的成釉细胞、釉质、牙本质中的表达存在时空顺序差异，随着牙胚发育和釉质成熟，AMELX呈递减表达，而AMBN和ENAM则较恒定表达。

To evaluate the remineralization effect of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride complex on artificial enamel subsurface white spot lesions in vitro in order to provide a new method to treat the postorthodontic enamel demineralization.

目的：研究不同浓度酪蛋白磷酸多肽-非结晶型磷酸钙及其与氟联合应用对牙釉质表层下脱矿再矿化的影响，为正畸后的釉质脱矿提供一种治疗途径。

Methods The decalcified enamel was treated with the three agents respectively. After treatment, the microhardness of enamel surface of all samples was detected.

应用显微硬度仪检测处理前后的釉质表面硬度值，通过对比前后硬度差异反映脱矿釉质的再矿化的情况。

The enamel surface can be demineralized by soft drinks and the eroded enamel can be remineralized by fluoride in vitro.

饮料会导致体外釉质表面的脱矿，氟化物能够促进体外酸蚀釉质的再矿化。

On the termination date, the cultured explants were all examined by Western blot, HE and transmission electron microscope. Our results showed that after 12-days in culture, the cultivation treated with AS-ODN reduced the synthesis of AMBN and had a deformed dental cusp with thinner enamel matrix. Ultrastructure analyses showed that there was hardly any cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the ameloblasts at the tip of the cusp of AS-ODN treatedexplants. However, on average the enamel matrix was thinner compared with that in the control group. Furthermore, the collagen fibers in extracellular matrix were found disorganized. These findings seemed to provide a direct experimental evidence that tended to indicate that the arrested AMBN translation in cultured tooth germs might result in the delay of the tooth development.

经用Western蛋白印迹检测表明，所设计的反义核酸对AMBN InRNA具有良好的封闭效果并成功阻断了牙胚对AMBN的表达；在缺乏AMBN情况下，与对照组相比，实验组牙胚在体外可以继续生长发育至钟状晚期，出现成釉细胞和成牙本质细胞的分化，成釉细胞可以分化成为分泌期型成釉细胞，胞浆中缺少合成蛋白质所必需的粗面内质网和高尔基氏体，缺乏溶酶体，表明对蛋白合成和脚的能力降低；实验组牙胚有牙尖形成和基质分泌，但牙尖形态异常，基质形成减少，牙尖周围基质最厚处为O.6卜m，明显薄于对照组的5.spin，基质中胶原纤维粗细不等，排列稀疏， 3 第四军医大学硕士学位论文未见钙化现象，充分证明了AMBN在牙胚发育中参与釉质基质形成和矿化过程，影响胶原纤维和牙本质基质的合成，促进成釉细胞对蛋白质的合成和釉质基质蛋白降解。

Among these traits is the tooth, which consists of two characteristic mineralized tissues, a highly mineralized surface layer (enamel in tetrapods and enameloid in fish) and a softer body, both supported by basal bone.

牙齿的变化便是其中之一，牙齿由两种典型的矿化组织组成：即高度矿化的表层（四脚动物的釉质和鱼类的釉质瘤结构）和相对较软的牙本质，下方的基骨起支持作用。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。