醇基

The present invention relates to a process for rapid solution synthesis of a peptide, the process comprising repetitive cycles of steps-: a coupling step, using an excess of an activated carboxylic component to acylate an amino component, a quenching step in which a scavenger is used to remove residual activated carboxylic functions, wherein the scavenger may also be used for deprotection of the growing peptide, one or more aqueous extractions and optionally, a separate deprotection step, followed by one or more aqueous extractions, characterised in that the process comprises at least one step, referred to as step, in which an amine or a thiol comprising a free anion or a latent anion is used as a scavenger of residual activated carboxylic functions.

本发明涉及快速溶液合成肽的方法，该方法包括步骤-的重复循环：偶联步骤，使用过量的活化羧基成分酰化氨基成分，淬灭步骤，在该步骤中使用清除剂除去残余的活化羧基官能团，其中该清除剂还可以用于使生长中的肽去保护，一或多个水抽提和任选地，独立的去保护步骤，之后进行一或多次水抽提，其特征在于该方法包括至少一个步骤，称作步骤，在该步骤中包含自由阴离子或潜阴离子的胺或硫醇用作残余活化羧基官能团的清除剂。

The catalyst includes: supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst of titanium halide compound and organic electron donor compound supported with MgCl2 alcoholate carrier; aluminoxane prepared with trialkyl aluminum and water; and one kind of organic electron donor, such as organosilicon compound R2Si(OCH3)2, where R is phenyl, isopropyl, isobutyl or cyclopentyl.

该催化剂包括，a一种负载型的Ziegler-Natta催化剂，即将卤钛化合物和有机给电子体化合物负载在氯化镁醇合物载体上得到的固体催化剂，b一种通过三烷基铝与水反应而制备得到的铝氧烷和c一种有机电子给体，如有机硅化合物R 2 Si(OCH 3 ) 2 ，其中R为苯基、异丙基、异丁基或环戊基。

Second, aminolysis of polystyrene and poly prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was investigated. The product of the former contains predominantly double molecular weight species by the formation of disulfide bond, whereas the latter formed coupled species which consequently cleaved to unimolecular weight species.

由RAFT聚合的机理可知，聚合最终得到的聚合物的结构包含双硫酯基团，它是聚合物链保持活性特征的重要体现，同时它为聚合物的端基官能化提供了一个重要的途径，其中氨解反应是一个被人们广泛采用的方法，它在很温和的条件下将端基去掉，同时还能将双硫酯端基变成硫醇端基。

The allylation reactions of aldehydes with allyl bromide were carried out in 76%～93% yields with Nd-SnCl2-H2O under ultrasound irradiation at room temperature for 50～60 min.

在Nd-SnCl2-H2O体系中，用烯丙基溴超声诱发下进行了一系列芳香醛的烯丙基反应，室温反应50～60min得76%～93%烯丙基化产物；而不用超声波时同样体系中搅拌3～4h高烯丙基醇产率为30%～86%。

In the three systems, system realizes the crosslinking of PVC bases on the peroxide crosslinking mechanism, the tensile strength of crosslinked PVC has been improved somewhat, the IR spectrum of gel demonstrates that there are characteristic absorption peaks of n-alcohol that belongs to ethanol amine and benzenoid group. From the analysis of gel structure , deduces that the mechanism of crosslinking reaction: under the initiations of peroxide and high temperature, PVC yields macromolecules free radicals, at the same time , styrene"s polymerization and grafting onto PVC takes place, at last the system forms crosslinking structure through coupling between radicals; confirms that triethanol amine can absorb HC1 produced by degradation of PVC, so improves the crosslinking efficiency of peroxide, decreases the HCl"s promotion for PVC"s degradation; deduces that triethanol amine can activate the PVC macromolecules and prolong the free radicals" life-time of PVC macromolecules; the effect to the PVC macromolecule makes styrenes graft reaction easy, and thus improves the crosslinking efficiency.

三种体系中三乙醇胺/过氧化二异丙苯/苯乙烯体系基于过氧化物交联机理实现了聚氯乙烯的交联，聚氯乙烯交联后拉伸强度有一定提高，凝胶红外光谱分析证实了凝胶结构中含有乙醇胺的伯醇基团特征吸收和苯环的特征吸收，由凝胶结构分析，推断出交联反应的机理：聚氯乙烯在过氧化物和热作用下产生大分子自由基，苯乙烯在过氧化物和大分子自由基的作用下发生聚合和接枝反应，最终通过自由基之间的偶合产生交联；证实三乙醇胺可以吸收聚氯乙烯分解产生的HCl，提高了过氧化物的交联效率，消弱了HCl对聚氯乙烯降解的促进作用；推断三乙醇胺可以活化聚氯乙烯大分子并有可能使聚氯乙烯大分子自由基存在的时间得以延长，对聚氯乙烯大分子的作用使苯乙烯的接枝反应易于发生，从而提高了交联效率。

Chapter 3: Synthesis of 2-aroyl-l,3,5-triaryl-4-carbethoxy-4-cyanocyclohexanols from chalcones with ethyl cyanoacetate is carried out in excellent yields with KF/basic alumina as catalyst under ultrasound irradiation.

第三章：研究了超声辐射下，以碱性氧化铝固载氟化钾为催化剂，利用查耳酮和氰乙酸乙酯合成2-芳酰基-1，3，5-三芳基-4-乙酯基-4-氰基环己醇。

Adopt poaching and alcohol sinking to get coarse polysaccharide, then take MCP, MCP-1 and MCP-2 for studing in antioxidation activities. They have strong ability for scavenging free radical only in DPPH system and oxidation system of linolic acid induced by alkane radical, but negatively in hydroxyl system and in super-oxygen anions system. And MCP-2 is better than MCP-1, so we choose enzymolysis method to remove protein.

采用水煮醇沉工艺提取粗多糖，然后对MCP、MCP-1和MCP-2进行抗氧化活性试验，三者在DPPH体系和烷基自由基引发的亚油酸氧化体系中具有明显的清除自由基能力，在羟基自由基体系和超氧阴离子自由基体系中则呈现负清除能力，其中MCP-2要优于MCP-1，因此选用酶解法除蛋白。

In previous results, Alkyl substituted propargylic dithioacetals treating with butyl lithium then were allowed to react with carbonyl compounds to form homopropargylic alcohol with high yields and highly regioselective.

在本实验室先前的研究中发现，烷基取代炔丙基硫缩酮与正丁基锂进行开环反应后，若是与羰基化合物反应，能够以高产率、具位向选择性的生成高炔丙基醇。

The recent research progress of oxidation carbonylation of amines/β-amino alcohols, alkoxycarbonylation of epoxides, carbonylative Suzuki coupling, carbonylative Sonogashira, and double carbonylation of aryl iodides has been presented, focusing on the carbonylation reactions studied by us in the past few years, with 81 references.

综述了胺／氨基醇类化合物氧化羰化、环氧化合物氢酯基化、碘代芳烃的羰化Suzuki偶联、羰化Sonogashira以及双羰基化等重要羰基化反应的研究状况，特别是结合本课题组近年来在该领域中的工作，并对羰基化反应的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

Examples of metal chelating groups include hydroxides especially aryl or heteroaryl hydroxides such as phenolic hydroxides; amines which may be aliphatic aryl or heteroaryl; mercaptans which may be aliphatic aryl or heteroaryl; carboxylic acids which may be aliphatic aryl or heteroaryl; oximes and ketoximines; acetarylamides; hydroxy silanes and silicones; N-containing heterocycles such as imidazoles benzimidazoles triazoles benzotriazoles thiazoles isothiazoles acid anhydrides and more preferably acid groups (especially carboxylic acid groups phosphoric acid groups polyphosphoric acid groups phosphonic acid groups sulphuric acid groups and sulphonic acid groups).

金属螯合组的例子包括氢氧化物，特别是芳基或如酚醛氢氧化物杂氢氧化物；胺可能是脂肪族，芳基或杂；硫醇可能是脂肪族，芳基或杂，这可能是脂肪族，芳基或羧酸杂；肟和ketoximines； acetarylamides；羟基硅烷和有机硅，含N，如咪唑，苯并咪唑类，三唑类，苯并三氮唑，噻唑类，isothiazoles，酸酐杂环，多最好酸组（特别是羧酸团体，磷酸，团体，多聚酸组，膦酸组，硫酸团体和磺酸组）。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。