醇凝胶

Polyethersulfone with cardo was a developed engineering thermoplastic and membrane material with high glass transition temperature,PES-C ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion method using dimethylacetamide as solvent and oxalic acid and polyethylene glycol as additives.The membrane morphology forming and evolution could be observed by the experimental system and method.The effect of additive and polymer concentration on cast solution and the gelation kinetics of polyethersulfone with cardo asymmetric membrane were studied.

采用耐高温工程塑料——含酚酞侧基的聚芳醚砜为膜材料，草酸和聚乙二醇为添加剂， N，N -二甲基乙酰胺为溶剂，并利用改进的凝胶动力学实验装置和方法，使之能真实地再现不同膜孔结构生长及发展演化的过程，借助相关软件对图像进行处理，考察了添加剂、聚合物浓度对铸膜液凝胶速度的影响，对酚酞基聚芳醚砜非对称膜的凝胶过程的动力学进行研究。

It is revealed that a certain amount of excessive formamide is favorable for preparation of the aerogel with high porosity, while more excessive glycol can deteriorate the formation of nano-porous SiO2 aerogel network. Additionally, the pH value of the reaction system has a strong impact on the microstructure and properties of prepared SiO2 aerogel.

研究发现：微过量的甲酰胺，有利于高孔隙率气凝胶的合成；过量的乙二醇的引入不利于低密度气凝胶的形成；pH值对合成气凝胶的性质也有较大的影响。

Effects of protein concentration, temperature, pH and metal ions onrheological behavior of gliadin solutions or gels were examined.

研究了醇溶蛋白溶液与凝胶的流变行为，考察了蛋白质浓度、温度、pH值、金属离子浓度等对醇溶蛋白溶液与凝胶流变行为的影响。

Self-assembled nanomicelles of N -cholesterol succinyl O -carboxymethyl chitosan were prepared by probe sonication method. The amphiphilic property and the critical micelle concentration of CCMC were determined by fluorescence probe technique; the morphology and the size of CCMC self-assembled nanomicelles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and the dynamic laser light scattering.

以 N -胆甾醇琥珀酰基- O -羧甲基壳聚糖(CCMC，胆甾醇基取代度6.9%)为原料，在水溶液中通过探头超声处理制备其自组装凝胶纳米胶束，采用稳态荧光探针法考察临界胶束浓度，并通过透射电镜和动态激光散射仪检测胶束的形态大小。

The porous SiO2 xerogels with controlled structure were obtained from TEOS in the presence of PEG by sol-gel method.

采用溶胶-凝胶法，以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体，以不同分子量的聚乙二醇为改性剂，制备结构可控的多孔SiO2干凝胶。

The technological process in preparation of the delafossite structure p-TCO thin films by sol-gel method is discussed systematically. The relative advantages and disadvantages of the systems of sol about organic alkoxide and inorganic salt are analyzed, and further development are discussed. It is pointed out that sol-gel method is an effective and feasible means to prepare p-TCO thin films.

本文介绍了铜铁矿结构p-TCO的结构特性以及溶胶凝胶法的基本原理和特点；系统地介绍了溶胶凝胶法制备铜铁矿结构p-TCO薄膜的工艺；分析比较了有机醇盐、无机盐溶胶体系的优缺点；最后讨论了进一步的发展方向，指出溶胶凝胶法是一种高效可行的制备p-TCO薄膜的方法。

In the three systems, system realizes the crosslinking of PVC bases on the peroxide crosslinking mechanism, the tensile strength of crosslinked PVC has been improved somewhat, the IR spectrum of gel demonstrates that there are characteristic absorption peaks of n-alcohol that belongs to ethanol amine and benzenoid group. From the analysis of gel structure , deduces that the mechanism of crosslinking reaction: under the initiations of peroxide and high temperature, PVC yields macromolecules free radicals, at the same time , styrene"s polymerization and grafting onto PVC takes place, at last the system forms crosslinking structure through coupling between radicals; confirms that triethanol amine can absorb HC1 produced by degradation of PVC, so improves the crosslinking efficiency of peroxide, decreases the HCl"s promotion for PVC"s degradation; deduces that triethanol amine can activate the PVC macromolecules and prolong the free radicals" life-time of PVC macromolecules; the effect to the PVC macromolecule makes styrenes graft reaction easy, and thus improves the crosslinking efficiency.

三种体系中三乙醇胺/过氧化二异丙苯/苯乙烯体系基于过氧化物交联机理实现了聚氯乙烯的交联，聚氯乙烯交联后拉伸强度有一定提高，凝胶红外光谱分析证实了凝胶结构中含有乙醇胺的伯醇基团特征吸收和苯环的特征吸收，由凝胶结构分析，推断出交联反应的机理：聚氯乙烯在过氧化物和热作用下产生大分子自由基，苯乙烯在过氧化物和大分子自由基的作用下发生聚合和接枝反应，最终通过自由基之间的偶合产生交联；证实三乙醇胺可以吸收聚氯乙烯分解产生的HCl，提高了过氧化物的交联效率，消弱了HCl对聚氯乙烯降解的促进作用；推断三乙醇胺可以活化聚氯乙烯大分子并有可能使聚氯乙烯大分子自由基存在的时间得以延长，对聚氯乙烯大分子的作用使苯乙烯的接枝反应易于发生，从而提高了交联效率。

Study on the Effect of Azone on Percutaneous Absorption of Clindamycin Hydrochloride in Cream;2. OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of three transdermal enhancers( azone ,isopropyl myristate,oleic acid) in vitro under the condition of iontophoresis with diclofenac sodium as the model drug.

方法选择聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙甲基纤维素为基质，制备了分别含有月桂氮酮、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯和油酸的双氯芬酸钠经皮离子导入凝胶，采用改良Franz纵向释放池，以人体皮肤为透皮屏障，进行药物凝胶的离子导入经皮试验。

This dissertation successfully fabricated cross-linked polysiloxanes under base catalysts such as potassium hydroxide siloxanolate or tetramethylammonium hydroxide (Me_4NOH) siloxanolate by anionic ring-opening copolymerization of cyclosiloxanes and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes as multifunctional monomers.

本论文首次通过阴离子开环共聚，成功地将POSS大分子作为多官能团单体，与环硅氧烷在KOH硅醇盐或Me_4NOH硅醇盐等碱性催化剂的作用下，直接合成交联聚硅氧烷：通过调节POSS大分子和环硅氧烷单体的种类以及化学计量比，可合成出一系列不同种类和不同交联密度的交联聚硅氧烷；并对其阴离子开环共聚机理以及极性调节剂DMAc对凝胶时间的影响进行了详细讨论；同时借以凝胶含量和溶胀比、GPC、FT-IR、固体~(13)C和~(29)Si NMR、WAXD、DSC以及TG等手段对所得聚合物的微观结构以及热性能进行了详细考察。

Composition of low molecular weight glutenin subunits and gliadins were investigated with thirty common wheat cultivars which are widely grown in Shangdong province. In our study we used acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, analysed Sedimentation test, Protein content, Mixing time, Stability, Max-resistance to extension, Farinograph Quality Number and Extensogram area of the 30 common wheats. They have close relationship with the technology properties of noodle wheat cultivars.

本研究通过酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，分析了30个山东省种植面积较大且具有部分代表性的普通小麦品种的低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白组成，测定了30个品种的蛋白质含量、沉淀值、面团形成时间、稳定性、粉质评价值、最大拉伸阻力和拉伸曲线面积等面粉及面团主要品质性状，分析了低分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白组成与面条小麦品质性状的关系。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。