酸性反应

The study demonstrates that organic calcium removal rate increases with increasing amount of decalcification agent addition, injected water, reactor temperature and reaction time.

结果表明：有机钙的脱除率随着脱钙剂加入量、注水率、反应温度、反应时间的增加而提高；脱钙反应在弱酸性溶液中进行较为有利，脱钙剂水溶液的pH值以6。

Advances in the catalysts for synthesis of ethylene glycol ethers via etherification were reviewed, and some suggestion were made for development of new catalysts.

介绍了醚化反应法合成乙二醇醚催化剂的研究进展，并对催化剂的开发提出了建议。在进行环氧乙烷与醇的醚化反应时，使用传统的碱性催化剂，反应容易形成多醚；使用传统的酸性催化剂，反应容易形成有毒物质二烷。

The experimental results show thatβ-MnO_2 nanorods has the highest activity among them and allows the decoloration degree of the fuchsin acid solution to reach 97.6% within 60 minutes.

以所制备的纳米结构锰氧化物为催化剂，研究了它们对H_2O_2氧化降解酸性品红模拟废水的催化性能。其中β-MnO_2纳米棒的催化活性最高，反应60min后酸性品红脱色率即达到97.6％。

Consequently, degradation of acid fuchsine from aqueous solutions through photocatalytic process that involves addition of a heteropolyacid catalyst was studied, as well as its optimum conditions in industry production and its mechanism.

本课题选取酸性品红染料为降解对象，试验研究了杂多酸光催化降解酸性品红反应的工艺条件，机理，以及用负载型杂多酸来改善催化环境，旨在寻找一种染料废水的环境友好处理新工艺。

The acid property of zirconium oxychloride was characterized by means of DTA and FT-IR spectra of pyridine absorbed on the surface.

采用DTA和吸附吡啶的FT-IR表征氯氧化锆的表面酸性，用Hamm ett指示剂测定其酸强度，以催化合成环己酮2，3-丁二醇缩酮为探针反应优化缩酮反应条件，并考察它对其他缩酮反应的催化活性，比较了不同催化剂对缩酮活性的影响。

Then the optimal conditions were decided as follows: the ratio of wall-material to core-material should be 8.0 to 2.0, with ployacrylic sodium as dispersing emulsifier, NH4Cl as acid catalyst, and with the time of pouring catalyst being 2 h, the pH value at end point 2.0, the temperature of condensation reaction under control about 70℃, the reaction time 3 h, the stirring speed 1000 r/min.

研究了壁材与芯材的比例、分散乳化剂、催化剂、反应温度和搅拌速度5因素对微胶囊产品的影响，得出最优化的工艺为：壁材与芯材的比例为m：m=8.0：2.0，以聚丙烯酸钠为分散乳化剂，氯化铵为酸性催化剂，加入速度以2 h加完，终点pH值为2.0，缩聚反应温度控制在70℃左右，反应时间为3 h，搅拌速度为1000 r/min。

After this research work, we know that: HMCM-22 is a better catalyst of selecting naphthalene alkylation; Surface modification of zeolite Y is effective, but the effect of zeolite 3 is not evident and surface modification doesn"t suits mordenite; Surface modification doesn"t affect the frameworks and inner environments of zeolites, but only reduces diameter of orifice and overlays surface acidities; t-butanol is not suitable for alkylating agent of the reaction using modified zeolites as catalyst; Solvents with smaller molecular size are advantageous for naphthalene alkylation reaction using modified zeolites as catalyst, such as cyclohexane is better than decalin.

通过本论文的研究，我们知道：HMCM-22是萘择形烷基化反应较好的沸石之一；Y沸石的外表面改性效果较好，β沸石则效果不明显，而丝光沸石则不适于外表面改性；外表面改性不改变沸石的骨架结构和孔道内部环境，仅减小孔口直径和覆盖外表面酸性位；叔丁醇不适于作外表面改性沸石催化的反应的烷基化试剂，其反应活性很低，且选择性无明显提升；分子较小的溶剂更适于外表面改性沸石催化的反应，环己烷就明显好于十氢萘。

Test results showed that tetralin was an appropriate hydrogen donor. By adding tetralin, the activation energy of the hydrogen transfer reactions were...

结果表明，四氢萘为合适的供氢组分，四氢萘通过降低反应活化能来强化氢转移反应；提高反应温度有利于提高四氢萘的供氢能力，但温度高于450℃后，四氢萘裂化倾向加大；催化剂的酸性对供氢组分的选择性供氢有影响，合适的酸量和酸密度有助于促进供氢组分参加的氢转移反应。

In the same reactor, telon fast green 5G was synthesized through condensation and sulfonation processes with 1,4,5,8-hydroxyanthraquinone and p-toluidine as main raw materials.

由1，4，5，8—四羟基蒽醌和对甲苯胺为主要原料，在一个反应器内同时完成了缩合和磺化两步单元反应，合成酸性蒽醌绿染料，并对其反应条件对产物收率的影响进行了研究，确定了最佳合成工艺条件(反应时间16 h、反应温度120℃、原料的配比1：2.2)。

8Ps for native and NaBH〓 chemically modified reaction centers, and the transfer process from H〓 to the final electron acceptor Q〓 occurs in about hundreds of picoseconds. On the other hand, the energy transfer from excited B was obviously slowed down in the pheophytin-exchanged RC. By considering the change of free energy of ion pair P〓Phe〓, it could be expected there might exist alternative pathway of charge separation and electron transfer in pigment-exchanged reaction center. In addition, the influence of acid environment on the ultrafast dynamics of reaction center was also experimentally observed, which shows an evident difference from that of in native RC, and further investigation should be carried out to elucidate the origination.

在色素置换后的反应中心中，以B为起点的能量传递较天然RC的情况明显减慢，约在450fs左右，考虑到置换后的反应中心中P的自由能有所提高以及其仍然保持的光化学活性，这一较慢的能量传递也可能预示着还存在着其它的能量传递通道；另外，还对酸性处理的反应中心中的超快光动力学过程进行了尝试性的研究，发现由于色素分子的聚集以及蛋白环境的改变，BChl分子的激发态动力学过程有着明显不同于天然反应中心的情况。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。