酸处理

The investigation results indicate that:(1) During the process of waste acid, based on the proposed result of air oxidation flocculent precipitation, arsenic in waste acid can be transformed to high-class white arsenic or arsenic acid copper product.

在前人研究结果的基础上，根据含砷污酸与含砷废渣中主要元素存在形态和性质提出了用空气氧化絮凝沉淀法从污酸制备砷酸铜和白砷新处理工艺；提出了铟生产过程中选择性硫化沉淀除砷，提出了含砷废渣对土壤影响的治理方案。

Wastewater containing titanium pigment was treated by microfiltration membrane, Nanometer titanium can be purified and concentrated by use of microfiltration. Operational conditions were optimized and the model was built. Finally, the amount of wash water was reduced. Based on the above research, the whole set equipment was designed, which can meet the needs in a titanium industry with a capability of 500 ton per year. Backflush and automatic control were used in the equipment, which has been steadily run two years, has been widely adopted in titanium industry. The technology has been widely adopted in titanium industry.In the recent years, whole set equipment of ceramic membrane was increasingly used in the recovery of desired production from fermentation broth in China. A new membrane process integrated with pretreatment of flocculation or coagulation was exploited to recover Inosine. ZrO2 ceramic membrane was used in the work, and the average permeation flux could reach 150L/m2.h under pH value of 3, transmembrane pressure 0.1MPa, CFV 3m/s, and temperature higher than 70C. The recovery ratio of inosine is higher than traditional recovery method, although inosine degraded under acidic and high temperature condition.

实验表明，ZrO_2膜处理肌苷发酵液的合适条件为pH=3、操作压力为0.1MPa、膜面流速3m／s、温度大于70度，此时可以获得平均渗透通量150L／m~2h，但由于酸性条件、高温下肌苷降解，导致肌苷收率有所降低，但仍高于传统肌苷提取方法得到的收率；为进一步提高肌苷得率，缩短提取工序，实验研究了絮凝剂预处理发酵液，解决碱性条件下由于蛋白析出导致膜污染加重的问题，研究表明采用CaCl_2絮凝并调节pH=11，可以获得平均渗透通量为180L／m~2h，肌苷得率大于95％；比较了三种肌苷提取工艺得到的产品质量，采用预处理与陶瓷南京工业大学博士学位论文膜分离结合的除杂工艺得到的粗昔质量与陶瓷膜分离、离子交换及活性炭吸附工艺生产的粗普质量相当，均优于传统的提取工艺；设计了每小时处理12一巧吨肌普发酵液的陶瓷膜成套装置，采用部分内循环的方式降低设备的能耗，简化了肌昔提取方式，提高了产品的收率和得率，由于减少离子交换和活性炭吸附，使得工厂废水排放量降低30一40%，降低酸、碱用量，有利于环境保护。

The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: rosin 5 g, m: in: m 1:2:2, palladium chloride 0.090 %, n: n1:10, hydrogen pressure 5 MPa, reaction temperature 160℃ reaction time 3 h, mass fraction of abietic acid could be under 1%, mass fraction of dehydroabietic acid was 5.6%, which conforms to the national standards. The regeneration of catalyst was investigated. After cycling five times, the product of hydrogenated rosin still conforms to the national standards without any treatment of catalyst.

在松香5g、m：m：m1：2：2、氯化钯0.090%、n：nl：10、氢气压力5MPa，反应温度160℃，反应时间3h的较佳工艺条件下，产物氢化松香中极酸的质量分数小于1%，去氢枞酸的质量分数5.6%，符合GB/T 14020-2006国家标准；并对催化剂的重复使用性能进行了考察，催化剂相不经过处理直接重复使用5次后，产品氢化松香仍然符合国家标准中关于枞酸和去氢枞酸的指标要求。

Laccase could degrade the conjugated resin acids and unsaturated fatty acids in model emulsions to some extend in the presence of ABTS2,2\'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate or VIO.Palustric acid and abietic acid in DCS of Masson pine CTMP could be partially removed by lacaase treatment without addition of external mediator.

漆酶在ABTS2，2-连氮-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸或紫尿酸存在的条件下可以降解带有共轭双键的树脂酸和不饱和脂肪酸；在不加介体的情况下漆酶处理可以除去马尾松CTMP的DCS样品中的部分长叶松酸和枞酸。

The results showed that most of the microbes could be inactivated for the ultra high pressure treatment, the accumulation of total volatile basic nitrogen was restrained, and the change of pH value was delayed. The shelf life of white shrimp was prolonged with the enhancement of high pressure. High pressure treatment could make fresh shrimp with boiled flavor in some degree. Trements of 400 Mpa and 600 MPa aggravated blackening. However, melanotic reaction was not observed during the whole storage of shrimp treated by 700 MPa. High pressure could change the metabolizing of ATP and its metabolites, but did not impact the metabolic pathway of AMP decomposition.

结果表明：超高压处理可以有效地杀灭南美白对虾中绝大多数微生物，抑制贮藏过程中挥发性盐基氮的积累，延缓pH值的变化，从而延长南美白对虾的货架期，且处理压力越高延长效果越显著；超高压处理会给鲜虾带来不同程度上的煮熟虾的风味；400 MPa和600 MPa处理使虾在冷藏过程的黑变提前，而700 MPa处理可以完全抑制南美白对虾黑变现象的发生；超高压能够改变腺苷三磷酸及其代谢产物的代谢情况，但不影响腺苷酸的代谢途径。

The progress in the application of polyaspartic acid and its derivatives in scale inhibition,viscosity reduction,fertilizer synergism and super-absorbing networks were described in this article. polyaspartic acid ; synthesis ; scale inhibition ; viscosity reduction ; fertilizer synergia ; water-absorbing resin

聚天冬氨酸可以改变钙盐的晶体结构，是一种优良的阻垢分散剂，用于循环冷却水系统、锅炉及油气田水处理[1～3]；聚天冬氨酸具有良好的降粘作用[4]；聚天冬氨酸作为肥料增效剂，能促进植物生长[5，6]；它还具有优良的保湿性能，用于日用化妆品和保健用品的制造[7]；由聚天冬氨酸可制备高吸水树脂[8～10]；另外，由聚天冬

Introduce of actual acidification velocity(H~+ produced) for evaluating the acidifying effects of soil tested,only the stimulated acid rain with pH2.5 could lead to soil acidifying,however,acid rains with pH≥3.5 played a buffering role to soils tested,with the weakening of soil acidity.

引进土壤的实际酸化速率H产生+值衡量供试土壤的酸化，只有pH2.5的模拟酸雨淋溶促进了土壤的酸化，而pH≥3.5的模拟酸雨处理对土壤的酸化具有一定的缓冲作用，且土壤酸度减弱。

Most sugars, organic acids, phenolic acids and most amino acids increased significantly with elevated CO_2. The treatment, 950±50μmol·mol-1 CO_2 enrichment for 6 h every day had more obvious effects than the treatment, 950±50μmol·mol-1 CO_2 enrichment for 3 h every day. Levan, sucrose, arginine, oxalic acid, alanine, malic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid cinnamic acid,ρ- hydroxybenzoic acid and benzoic acid increased significantly.

CO_2施肥黄瓜根系分泌有机酸、氨基酸、糖和酚酸的总量增加，上、下午均施肥的处理分泌数量最多；CO_2施肥显著促进了果聚糖、蔗糖、草酸、苹果酸、乙酸、乳酸、多数氨基酸、肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸和苯甲酸等组分的分泌；单位鲜重根系分泌糖和酚酸的数量增加，多数氨基酸保持不变或降低，但有机酸分泌规律不一致。

Treatments contained skim milk and 50 g fat from high–oleic acid safflower and canola oils (monounsaturated fatty acid; MUFA), MUFA + 3.5 g α-linolenic acid (ALA; MUFA + ALA) from high-ALA canola oil, or MUFA + 4.0 g both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; MUFA + EPA/DHA) from sardine oil.

处理因素为：脱脂奶及50g脂肪（来源于含高油酸的草红花和芸苔油）（单不饱和脂肪酸，MUFA组）， MUFA＋3.5g γ－亚麻酸（来源于高γ－亚麻酸含量的芸苔油），MUFA＋4.0g二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸（MUFA+EPA/DHA组）。

The optimum conditions were obtained as follows : the weight ratio of fatty acids of rapeseed oil and 85%acetic acid is 1:4, ozonolysis temperature is 20-25

本文使用植物油脂肪酸为原料，原料丰富，价格低廉；使用含水溶剂不但提高了产品收率，而且降低了溶剂挥发性和溶剂的腐蚀性；使用活性炭吸附壬二酸粗品大大提高了壬二酸纯度，此方法简便易行，用此方法处理壬二酸粗品，壬二酸的纯度可达96.1%。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。