酸基

Given the current complexity of industrial recovery of 3'-methyl-2'-butenyl 3, 3-dimethyl-pentenoate and the decomposition problems with 2-methyl-1-butene, research was conducted on a process for direct recycling of MBDP involving an ester exchange reaction of MBDP with either methanol, trimethyl orthoacetate, or solutions of methanol and trimethyl orthoacetate.

针对目前工业上回收3，3-二甲基－4-戊烯酸－3'-甲基－2'-丁烯酯工艺复杂、异戊烯大量分解问题，研究了MBDP直接返回循环使用工艺，MBDP与甲醇、原乙酸三甲酯或与甲醇原乙酸三甲酯混合溶液进行酯交换反应的回收新工艺，比较了四异丙基钛酸酯、甲醇钠、氢氧化钾用作酯交换催化剂的效果，筛选出回收MBDP&一锅煮&最佳工艺：按照n：n：n：n＝1.0：9.8：9.2：0.05物质的量比投料，74℃~78℃反应21h，MBDP转化为贲亭酸甲酯和异戊烯醇，单程转化率87.7%，用85%的磷酸中和甲醇钠，蒸出甲醇，直接用于合成贲亭酸甲酯。

In order to find biologically active urea compounds,seven new N-[5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-N'- urea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole with aroylazides,which were prepared starting from carboxylic acids,ethyl chloroformate and sodium azide by one-pot procedure.

为了寻找高生物活性的脲类化合物，通过2-氨基-5-(3-吡啶基)-1，3，4-噻二唑与酰基叠氮化物反应，设计合成了7个新的N-[5-(3-吡啶基)-1，3，4-噻二唑-2-基]-N'-取代苯基脲，其中芳酰基叠氮化物是以芳酸、氯甲酸乙酯、叠氮化钠为起始原料采用&一锅法&所制得。

Then,the research progress of high SiC paniculate volume content aluminum matrix composites and aluminum matrix composites reinforced with eucryptite ,with zirconium tungstate and with quasicrystalline particles are reviewed respectively.

综述了低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究现状，对高体积分数 SiC 颗粒增强铝基复合材料、锂霞石颗粒增强铝基复合材料、钨酸锆颗粒增强铝基复合材料和准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究状况进行了详细的阐述。

The method comprises following steps: reacting hydroxylation carbon nano-tube successively with reagent containing halogen and hydrosulphide to prepare sulfhydryl carbon nano-tube; reflowing the sulfhydryl carbon nano-tube and platinum salts in polyatomic alcohol, processing in hydrogen atmpsphere to obtain sulfhydryl anchoring platinum / carbon nano-tube catalyst; reflowing the sulfhydryl carbon nano-tube successively with the hydrochloroauric acid and the platinum salts in polyatomic alcohol, processing in hydrogen atmpsphere to obtain sulfhydryl anchoring platinum-gold / carbon nano-tube catalyst.

本发明将市售羟基化碳纳米管先后与含卤试剂和氢硫化物反应得到巯基化碳纳米管。再将巯基化碳纳米管与铂盐在多元醇中回流，氢气氛中处理得到巯基锚固铂/碳纳米管催化剂。将巯基化碳纳米管依次与氯金酸和铂盐在多元醇中回流，氢气氛中处理得到巯基锚固铂-金/碳纳米管催化剂。

Secondly, organical composite thermal storage materials which takethe PNIPAAm gels as the carriers and the palmitic acid and the lauric acidmixture for phase change materials were Synthesized by radicalpolymerization ,and organical/inorganical composite materials which takeP(NIPAAm-co-AAm) gels as the carriers and the palmitic acid、thelauric acid and Na_2HPO_4·12H_2O mixture were also Synthesized byradical polymerization.

其次，本文采用自由基聚合法，合成了以PNIPAAm凝胶为载体，棕榈酸和月桂酸的混合物为相变材料有机复合相变蓄热材料；及P(NIPAAm-co-AAm)凝胶为载体，棕榈酸、月桂酸和Na_2HPO_4·12H_2O为相变材料的有机／无机复合相变蓄热材料，采用红外光谱、示差扫描量热法、热重分析、扫描电镜等手段对两种复合材料的结构及热性能进行了表征与分析，研究了有机酸和无机盐的百分含量对复合材料的相变温度和相变焓的影响。

In this paper, the structures and the synthesis methods of glycosyl isothiocyanates are summarized, including the application as intermediates in the preparation of glycosylthioureas, glycosylheterocycles, glycosylguanidins and glycosylconjugates and so on.

本文对糖基异硫氰酸酯的结构、制备方法，以及作为中间体在糖基硫脲、糖基杂环、胍基糖苷、糖基缀合物等重要化合物的合成中的应用作了较详尽阐述。

Liu Yakang Lu Jianmin He Jianyun Jin Guantai College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029

引言 环氧基型丙烯酸粉末涂料，通常所采用的固化剂主要有：壬二酸、癸二酸、十二二酸及二十二酸等［1］。

Based on our intensive studies on the lactonization of oligo/polysialic acids, we proposed for the first time that the lactone-ring formation of oligo/polysialic acids has three stages. We also provided a novel model to explain the conformational changes of oligo/polysialic acids caused by the repulsing forces among the carboxyl groups of sialic acid residues. Our results should provide novel approaches for further investigation of the structural-functional relationships of oligo/polysialic acids.

在对多/寡聚唾液酸内酯化过程进行深入研究的基础上，于国际上率先提出多/寡聚唾液酸内酯的形成具有三个阶段的观点，并首创性地提出了羧基排斥所致多/寡聚唾液酸分子空间构象改变的模型，为深入研究多/寡聚唾液酸结构与功能的关系提供了新生长点。

The thermal stability, Raman spectra, and upconversion luminescence spectra of lead halide-modified Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped tellurite glasses have been investigated, and the upconversion luminescence mechanism of Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped oxyhalide tellurite glasses were analyzed.

研究了卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的热稳定性能、Raman光谱和上转换发光光谱，分析了Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光机理。结果发现：混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃具有好的热稳定性能、低的声子能量、强的上转换蓝光。这表明混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料

Aldol condensation 2, 5-dimethoxymethoxyacetophone with 2, 4, 6 -tri methoxymethoxybenzendehyde, then hydrogenation, reductive, the key intermediate 83 (84) of natural product 3, 5, 7, 2′, 5′- pentahydroxyflavan, was obtained; Mini reviewed EGCg activity, Then gallic acid and phloroglucin were used to synthsis EGCg, The key intermediate Chalcone 109 of EGCg was abtained through 7 steps from gallic acid.

重点介绍了以没食子酸为原料，经酯化，保护，还原，氧化，格氏反应，氧化六步反应得到3，4，5-三苄氧基苯乙酮，以间苯三酚为原料，经维斯迈尔反应，苄基保护，甲氧甲氧基保护三步反应得到2，4-二苄氧基-6甲氧甲氧基苯甲醛，酮106与醛108经羟醛缩合得到EGCg重要反应中间体查尔酮109。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。