酸基

Based on the problem of various types of catalyst and according to the features of carbonylation catalysts reactions, our team has been designed a series of new metal complexes of benimidazoles, which can be used for carbonylation catalyst of industry. Seven new benzimidazole derivatives were prepared by the o-phenylenediamine、oxalic acid、glycolic acid、monomethyl monopotassium malonate、ethyl cyanoacetate、succinic anhydride. The structures of them were confirmed by IR、Elemental analsis. The crystal structures of d and e were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction of Germanic Bruker Smart APEX II CCD. The catalysis of them was tested by carbonylation reactions.

本文设计以邻苯二胺和草酸、羟基乙酸、丙二酸单甲酯、氰基乙酸乙酯、丁二酸单甲酯为原料采用PPA催化和无机酸催化法，合成了4种苯并咪唑-2-羧酸衍生物并进行了表征；培养了2个化合物d、e的晶体并测定和讨论了晶体结构；制备了3种未见报道的苯并咪唑金属配合物，对配合物在羰基化法制醋酐-醋酸反应的催化作用进行了初步试验。

The composition comprises: 35 to 65 wt % of an anionic detergent or surfactant selected from alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, alpha olefine sulfonates, long chain fatty acid sulphates, higher fatty acids, as well as the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, and natural detersive agents, and mixtures of any of these; 3 to 15 wt % of a non-ionic detergent or surfactant selected from alkoxylated alkyl phenols and alkoxylated fatty alcohols; 5 to 10 wt % of a water-swellable cellulose derivative or a salt thereof, wherein the cellulose derivative exhibits a viscosity of at least about 1500 cps, measured in a 1 % aqueous solution at 25 DEG C with a Brookfield viscometer having spindle 3, speed 30rpm, factor 40 for viscosities of 2500-3500 cps; 6 to 20 wt % of a solubility regulator selected from alkali metal and alkaline earth metal chlorides, carbonates and sulphates, aluminosilicates and starch; and 0 to 20 wt % of a fragrance or perfume in solid, liquid or microencapsulated form.

该组合物包含：a35―65％重量的阴离子洗涤剂，其选自烷基苯磺酸、α－链烯烃磺酸盐、长链脂肪酸硫酸盐、高级脂肪酸以及其碱金属和碱土金属盐和天然的去污剂，和任何这些组分的混合物；b）3―15％重量的非离子洗涤剂，选自烷氧基化烷基酚和烷氧基化脂肪醇；c）5～10％重量的水可溶涨的纤维素衍生物或它们的盐，其中纤维素衍生物按1％水溶液在25℃下用Brookfield粘度计（3号转轴，转速30rpm，2500―3500cps粘度的因子是40测定；具有粘度至少约1500cps；d）6―20%重量的溶解性调节剂，选自碱金属和碱土金属氯化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐、硅铝酸盐和淀粉；和e）0～20％重量的为固体、液体或微囊包封形式的香精。

The results show that complexing agent greatly effects on film's density. For the double complexing agents solution system based on citric acid, the solution with lactic acid and citric acid produced most compact film with lowest porosity; and for the double complexing agents solution system based on butane diacid, the solution with butane diacid and malic acid made most compact film with lowest porosity.

研究结果表明：络合剂对镀层的致密度影响显著，对于以柠檬酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，乳酸-柠檬酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率；而对于以丁二酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，丁二酸-苹果酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率。

OH radicals produced by ultrasound in aqueous solution attack phenolic cycle at adjacent or para position of the hydroxyl on phenol so that phenol is changed into small organic molecules such as muconic acid, maleic acid and ethane diacid. These small organic molecules will be oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water by.

苯酚超声降解的作用机理是，超声空化在水溶液中产生的·OH自由基进攻苯酚苯环上羟基的邻位或对位而使苯环断裂生成己二烯酸、顺式丁烯二酸和乙二酸小分子有机物而使苯酚得以降解，这些小分子有机物在·OH自由基的进一步作用下最终被氧化成CO〓和H〓O。

DBP and DEHP have the similar photodegradation mechanism. The predominant pathway for DBP and DEHP photodegradation in the Fe -oxalate complexes system is hydroxyl radical extracting H atom in α-position of the aliphatic chain close to the carboxyl group followed by oxidation to produce alcoholized derivatives ROH. ROH then breaks down to phthalic acid and dialcohol that will be further oxidized up to mineralization.

DBP和DEHP的光降解历程相似，主要反应途径是OH自由基提取烷基上与羧基相连的α-H原子，然后被氧化生成醇衍生物，再分解成为酞酸和二醇，酞酸经历开环和进一步脱羧，二醇可以被氧化成为低级烷基羧酸，直至矿化。

SM6 and SM7 of uncrystal were analyzed through GC-MS, the results showedthat SM6 main contained unsaturated fatty aldehyde with fragrance, i.e.-2,4-decadienal(58%), tetradecanoic acid (55.78%), 2-decenal(50%), Phthalic acid isobutylundecyl ester(47%), 2, 4-Decadienal(41%), 2-Undecenal (31%), 2-Methyl-Z,Z-3, 13-octadecadi-enol(18.84%), and SM7 contained saturation alkanes, i.e. 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl cyclohexyl ester(23.90%), Triacontane(22.63%),Nonacosane(21.04%), Heptadecane(18.84%), Octacosane(13.58%). Toxicological experiments were done to insure the pigment safety.

并对紫红丝膜菌色素非晶体部分的黄色油状物SM6和紫色粉末物SM7作了GC-MS分析，结果显示SM6中主要为具有香气成分的不饱和脂肪醛，其中含量较高的依次为：-2，4-癸二烯醛(58％)、十四烷酸(55.78％)、2-癸烯醛(50％)、邻苯二甲酸异丁基十一烷酯(47％)、2，4-癸二烯(41％)、2-十一碳烯醛(31％)、2-甲基-Z，Z-3，13-十八碳二烯酸(18.45％)等；SM7中主要为饱和直链烷烃，其中含量较高的依次为：1，2-苯二羧酸丁基环己酯(23.90％)、三十烷(22.63％)、二十九烷(21.04％)、十七烷(18.84％)、二十八烷(13.58％)。

Mol/L. 3 A study on the ECL of acridinum esters including 10--acridinium-9-carboxyl-phenyl-ester iodinate and 10-methyl-9-(p-formylphenyl)-acrdiniumfluorosulphonate in neutral solution was carried out. It was found both CACPEI and MFPA give strong ECL in KNO〓 solution when an appropriate voltage was applied on Pt electrode.

本文研究了碘化10-乙羧基吖啶-9-羧酸苯酯和对甲酰基苯基-10-甲基吖啶-9-羧酸酯氟磺酸盐的ECL行为，发现在中性KNO〓介质中，这两种吖啶酯都能在一定的电位下产生很强的ECL信号，考察了各种影响因素，确定了发光的最佳条件，探讨了可能的发光机理。

Ingredients: Water,Lauric Acid,Myristic Acid,Stearic Acid,Propylene Glocol,Potassium Hydroxide,Cocamidopropyl Betaine,Starch Hydroxypropyltrimnium Chloride,Sodium Laureth Sulfate,Glycol Distearate,Lavandula Angustifolia Oil,Creatine,Tetrasodium Edta,Perfume,Dmdm Hydantoin.

成分： 去离子水，月桂酸，肉豆蔻酸，硬脂酸，丙二醇，氢氧化钾，椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱，淀粉羟丙基三甲基氯化铵，月桂醇聚醚硫酸钠，乙二醇双硬脂酸酯，薰衣草精油，肌酸，乙二胺四乙酸四钠，香精，DMDM 乙内酰脲。

The derivatives of the amino acids containing sulphur synthesizedfrom three sulphydry amino acids such as methione, cysteine and cystine play an important role on the methylation,sulphuration, detoxication and ,antioxidation and are very useful in pharmaceutic and food industry.

含硫氨基酸衍生物主要由三个常见的含硫氨基酸——蛋氨酸，半胱氨酸，胱氨酸衍生转化而来，可以在体内参与转甲基，转硫基等生化过程，同时也具有抗氧化，清除自由基等功能，在医药和食品中具有重要的应用价值。

Four phenanthroline derivatives of 2-phenyl-imazole [5,6-f]-(1,10) phenanthroline, 2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-imazole [5,6-f]-(1,10) phenanthroline, 2-(4-methoxyl-phenyl)-imazole [5,6-f]-(1,10) phenanthroline and 2-(4-formacyl-phenyl)-imazole [5,6-f]-(1,10) phenanthroline were synthesized, and twelve new complexes of europium were then synthesized with these phenanthroline derivatives as the first ligand and butyric acid, n-heptanoic acid and tetradecanoic acid as the second ligand.

合成2-苯基咪唑并[5，6-f]邻菲咯啉，2-（4-苯酚）咪唑并[5，6-f]邻菲咯啉，2-（4-甲氧基苯基）咪唑并[5，6-f]邻菲咯啉和2-（4-甲酰基苯基）咪唑并[5，6-f]邻菲咯啉等4种邻菲咯啉衍生物，并分别以其为第一配体，选择丁酸，正庚酸和十四酸为第二配体合成12种新的铕－邻菲咯啉衍生物－脂肪酸荧光配合物。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。