酸基

The reaction of calcium L-threonate with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid readily yields (2S, 3S)-2, 4 -dibromo-3 -hydroxy butanoic acid which was further converted into methyl (2s, 3S)-2,4-dibromo-3-hydroxybutanoate by treatment of methanol.

在化合物12上引入氨基甲酰基可用二氯磷异氰酸酯、氯乙酰异氰酸酯或氯磺酰异氰酸酯，随之引入的二氯磷酰基、氯乙酰基或氯磺酰基可分别用碳酸氢钠、N-甲基二硫代氨基甲钠或亚硫酸钠脱去。

In our paper,1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracils and1-cyclohexyl-carbamoyl-5-fluorouracils were prepared through 5-fluorouracil reacting with hexyl isocyanate or cyclohexyl isocyanate by using dimethylaminopyridine as the catalyst.

以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、正己基异氰酸酯和环己基异氰酸酯为原料，在N，N-二甲氨基吡啶的催化下，通过N-脲化反应制成1-己基氨基甲酰基-5-氟尿嘧啶及1-环己基氨基甲酰基-5-氟尿嘧啶。

Its beneficial widespread effect on health is attributed to sulphur compounds and particularly to thiosulfinates. Odorless and stable, alliin is the most abundant sulfur compound in whole, unbruised Garlic. When the clove of garlic is cut or crushed, the enzyme alliinase is released from its compartment and transforms S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide or alliin into diallyl thiosulfinate allicin, the characteristic compound of garlic flavor. This very unstable thiosulfinate is rapidly degraded to related organosulfur compounds. Allicin is often thought of as the "active ingredient" in Garlic, and has been the subject of numerous scientific studies, but its a fairly unstable compound that likes to react with itself.

蒜氨酸(S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸亚砜，alliin)是完整、未受损大蒜里面含量最丰富的硫化物，并且非常稳定，它存在于大蒜的细胞质里；当细胞受损时，蒜氨酸酶从细胞液向细胞质释放，蒜氨酸和蒜氨酸酶接触被迅速转化为一系列新的化合物—蒜辣素及其相似物，蒜辣素(双烯丙基硫代亚磺酸酯，allicin)被认为是大蒜中最重要的活性成分，但它相当不稳定，易于自身反应。

The reaction between 3, 4 cinnamic acid and 〓 has also been investigated as an evidence for the electron transfer mechanism.

以〓为过氧自由基模型，研究了羟基肉桂酸衍生物对该自由基的清除作用，发现这类化合物，特别是芥子酸，能够通过电子转移反应有效地还原过氧自由基。3，4-亚甲二氧基肉桂酸与〓的反应的动力学研究为电子转移机制提供了证据。

The paint includes liquid A, which consists of acrylic resin, mixed solvent of xylene, acetone and isophorone, organic silicone solution, superfine silica powder, titanium dioxide powder, methyl-(N-beta-amino ethyl gamma-amino propyl)-dimethoxy siloxane solution, gamma-methyl acrylyloxy propyl tromethoxy siloxane solution and fluorocarbon modified siloxane; and liquid B, which consists of hexamethylene diisocyanate, polydiisocyanate, xylene, and methoxy propyl acetate. When the paint is used, two components are mixed together.

由丙烯酸树脂、二甲苯和丙酮及异佛尔酮混合溶剂、有机硅酮溶液、超细二氧化硅粉、钛白粉、甲基(N-β-氨乙基γ-氨丙基)二甲氧基硅烷溶液、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶液、氟碳改性硅氧烷溶液组成A液，由六亚甲基二异氰酸酯聚异氰酸酯、二甲苯和甲氧基乙酸丙酯混合溶液组成B液，使用时将两组分混合。

Its main products include:ZOLEDRONIC ACID, ADAPALENE, SIMDAX, VORICONAZOLE, J ACID UREA, J ACID UREA SODIUM SALT, 1,7-CLEVE'S ACID, 1,6-CLEVE'S ACID, 1,5- DINAPHTHYL ISOCYANATE, 5- INROINDOLE,----2-METHOXYIMINO-2-（FURYL-2-YL）ACETIC ACID AMMONIUM SALTand etc.

部分产品远销美国、德国、英国、印度、日本等十几个国家和地区，主要产品有：唑来磷酸、阿达帕林、左西孟旦、伏立康唑、猩红酸、猩红酸钠盐、双介酸、1，7克力夫酸1，6克力夫酸、1，5-萘二异氰酸酯、5-硝基吲哚、甲氧亚胺基呋喃乙酸铵等。

When the resulting nitro compounds was reduced over 5% Pd/C catalyst, the nitro phosphinic acids required more catalyst that the esters nitro phosphinic acid, and dinitro compounds required more catalyst than mono-nitro compounds in the case of all nitro groups completely changed into amino groups.

用5％Pd/C作催化剂，将上述硝基物还原时发现，次膦酸形成的硝基物比次膦酸酯形成的硝基物需要更多催化剂才能使硝基全部还原成氨基；二硝基化合物比单硝基化合物需要更多的催化剂。

Amino-6-nitrobenzodifuroxan was prepared through a three-step reaction from starting material 3, 5-dinitrobenzoic acid:(1)3, 5-dinitroaniline (1) was synthesized from the reaction of DNBA and hydrazoic acid in inert solvent 1, 2-dichioroethane through Schmidt rearrangement with yield of 89.6%;(2) 1 was subjected to nitration to prepare pentanitroaniline (2) with yield of 51.1%;(3) The title compound was prepared from 2 and sodium azide in acetic acid through denitrogenation and then Schmidt rearrangement with yield of 86.8%, m.p.204℃～206℃.

以3，5-二硝基苯甲酸为原料经过3步反应合成了7-氨基6-硝基苯并二氧化吠咱：第1步反应，在二氯乙烷惰性溶剂中，DNBA与叠氮酸反应并发生Schmidt重排反应生成3，5-二硝基苯胺(1)，产率89.6%；第2步反应，1在含100%硫酸的硝硫混酸中硝化生成五硝基苯胺(2)，产率51.1%；第3步反应，2与叠氮酸反应，不经分离直接进行热解脱氮、Schmidt重排反应，得到目标化合物， m.p.204℃~ 206℃，产率86.8%。

Erve growth factor can combine with its" receptor (one of tyrosine protein kinase receptor coded by proto - oncogene tyrosine kinase, TrkA), Causing the molecule of receptors to gather on the cell surface, and the tyrosine protein in cytoplasmic domain may be activated, three tyrosine base in the kinase domain of its" receptor and two tyrosine base at other domain be phosphated, thus, phosphated tyrosine receptor kinase became the bracket which absorb all kinds of connective proteins and kinases.

GF与其酪氨酸受体激酶受体(由原癌基因trk编码的一种酪氨酸蛋白激酶受体，TrkA)相结合，引起受体分子在细胞表面发生二聚体化，然后受体细胞内结构上酪氨酸活性被激活，使受体自身结构中位于激酶结构域的三个酪氨酸残基及在此结构域外的两个酪氨酸残基发生自身磷酸化，这样，磷酸化的酪氨酸受体激酶A便成为吸收各种连接蛋白质和酶的支架。

The analysis on fatty acid,alcohol and ketone of oil with GC-MS method indicates that the alkyl acids,especially those with linear and saturated alkyl acids,are dominant in the newly generated acids.

采用气相色谱-质谱方法，对油样提取物中微生物产生的酸、醇、酮等物质进行了分析研究，两株菌产酸以饱和烷基酸为主，尤其以直链饱和烷基酸居多，同时也生成一定量的环烷、烯基酸和少量的芳基酸。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。