酸化的

The preparation methods of sulfonated coal and factors such as sulfonation time, sulfonation temperature and ratio of acid to coal etc.

试验研究了褐煤制磺化煤的制备方法及磺化温度、磺化时间、酸煤比等因素对产物磺化煤的离子交换活性的影响。

The reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides with 4-pentenoic acids initiated by sodium dithionite was realized to give polyfluoroalkyl substituted lactones.

我们研究了多氟烷基碘代烷与4-戊烯酸类化合物等在连二亚硫酸钠引发下的反应，得到了氟烷基取代的内酯化合物，我们将该反应称为氟烷基化内酯化反应；并建立了一个利用该反应合成含氟内酯的新方法，首次利用氟烷基化内酯化反应进行高立体选择性双环含氟内酯及手性含氟内酯等的合成，已合成含氟内酯新化合物50余种。

The results show that the compound conductive fiber has typical structure of sheath-core consists of black greened polyaniline electric conductive deposition as the skin and the white polypropylene matrix fiber as the core, which makes the compound fiber preferable physical mechanical property. The intensity and the elongation ratio of the electric conductive fiber are decreased but the thermal stability is enhanced after modified. The compound fiber has the good acid resistance but poor base resistance. The thermal stability of the compound fiber prepared by 4-methyl-benzene sulfonic acid is better than that prepared by hydrochloride acid. Moreover, the compound fiber can be re-doped by other organic or inorganic acid after freed from the adsorbed acid. Furthermore, the electric conductivity of the compound fiber decreases with the temperature increasing but hardly changed with the humidity. The adsorptive ability and therefore the content of the polyaniline, the constant of electric conduction, and the durability of the compound fiber can be enhanced by thinning the diameter, section heteromorphosis, section heteromorphosis and plasma treatment of the surface or blending with COPET of the fiber.

结果表明：复合纤维是聚丙烯与聚苯胺的共混体系，具有典型的皮芯型结构，皮层为墨绿色的聚苯胺沉积层，形成连续的导电通道，芯层为白色的聚丙烯基质纤维，提供物理机械性能；导电改性后纤维的强度、强力和伸长率均有下降，但热稳定性得到提高；复合纤维的耐酸性比耐碱性好，以对甲苯磺酸做掺杂酸比盐酸掺杂聚苯胺热稳定性好，脱掺杂后的复合纤维，可用其它无机酸或有机酸进行再掺杂；复合导电纤维的电导率随温度升高降低幅度较大，但几乎不受湿度影响；基质纤维细旦化、截面异形化、表面等离子体处理或共混COPET等改性处理均能提高纤维的吸附性，进而提高复合纤维表面聚苯胺含量、电导率和耐久性。

The preparation process of self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block includes the following steps: 1 the first reaction of polyacid anhydride in functionality not lower than 2, silicon oil with 2 or more amino or imino groups and polyamine with 2 or more amino groups, and the second reaction with one or several kinds of added isocyanate with 2 or more isocyanate radicals to produce sol of polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; 2 solidifying the sol to obtain solid polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; and 3 imidonating the solid to obtain self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block.

本发明公开了一种有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)有机溶剂中具有大于或者等于2的酸酐官能团度的多酸酐与具有大于或者等于2的胺基或亚胺基的硅油以及具有大于或者等于2的胺基的多胺反应，随后添加一种或多种具有含有等于或者大于2个异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯反应，生成含有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸的溶胶。(2)溶胶固化制成有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸固体。(3)固体亚胺化，即得有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺。

Pressing has to be repeated thrice, in order to get rid of the unsaturated acids, otherwise the quality will be inferior This new method is to use soy bean oil or cotton seed oil and Chinese vegetable tallow singly or together as raw materials.

本研究系采用豆油或棉子油与桕油分别或混合进行极度氢化后水解，蒸馏即获得质量高的硬脂酸。以含水0.1％以下酸价0.5以下的精炼棉子油与桕油，用0.2—0.25％的镍催化剂，在表压5—10公斤，温度180—200℃情况下，在有良好搅拌的氢化罐内进行氢化，3小时以内即可达到极度氢化。

The tribological characteristics of the esterified Castor oil is better than those of Castor oil, Di-iso-butyl sebacate, Pentaerythritol esters , mineral oil 150#, bean oil, Rapeseed oil. As part of 12-hydroxyl of Castor oil acid has transformed into ester so that the isomerization degree of esterified castor oil increases with the branching carbon chain extending.

四球机测定酯化蓖麻油的摩擦性能优良；优于蓖麻油、癸二酸二异辛酯、季戊四醇酯、矿物油VG150〓、豆油和菜籽油；酯化蓖麻油的流变性能改进的机理认为是部分12-OH酯化后，直链的植物油结构异构化。

The chlorin e6 7 and chiorin 11 were oxidized further with osmium oxide in the same oxidization condition to yield bateriochlorin 8 and 12, respectively.

卟吩醛2在碱性条件下转化为卟吩e6三甲酯7，2与烷基溴化镁的格氏反应给出脱镁叶绿酸醇9，选择高钌酸四丙基铵和N-甲基吗啉N-氧化物将3-位羟基氧化成羰基，所生成的卟吩二酮10在酸性条件下脱去甲酸甲酯生成焦脱镁叶绿酸衍生物11，用四氧化锇对7和11实施氧化，则分别转化为细菌卟吩衍生物8和12。

The chaperone activity of porcine kidney peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase was studied. The results showed that inactive or active PPIase was able to improve the refolding yields of creatine kinase , and inhibited aggregation. However, alkylated PPIase was not able to prevent CK aggregation.

研究猪肾脯氨酰顺反异构酶的伴侣功能时发现有活性和无活性PPIase能够提高肌酸激酶再折叠产量，抑制肌酸激酶聚沉，但是烷基化PPIase丧失防止肌酸激酶聚沉的能力。

Malonyloxyborohydride,a hydroboration reagent,is prepared by reaction of malonic acid and sodium borohydride,and is used to react with dihydromyrcene in THF.

用一种硼氢化试剂———丙二酸与硼氢化钠反应生成的丙二酰氧基硼氢化钠在THF中与二氢月桂烯反应制备香茅醇。

Dibutyl malate was synthesized from malic acid and butyl alcohol used solid superacid SO42-/TiO2 as catalyst.

以固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2为催化剂，以苹果酸和正丁醇为原料催化合成苹果酸二丁酯，并探讨了酸醇比、催化剂的用量、反应时间、带水剂等因素对酯化反应的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。