酸化的

Review articles only; calretinin; fovea centralis; macula lutea; ora serrata; photoreceptors; rods; cones; optic tract; optic nerve; visual cortex; color vision; photoreception; opsin; rhodopsin; guanine nucleotide-binding protein; G protein-coupled receptors; ion channels (cyclic GMP-gated); guanylate cyclase; cyclic GMP; dark adaptation; visual pigments; polyenes; 11-cis-retinal; vitamin A; chromophores; arrestin; recoverin; phosducin; transducin; bipolar cells; retinal ganglion cells; retinal progenitor cells; amacrine cells; Mueller cells; light; retinogenesis; ommatidia; optic vesicles; retinitis pigmentosa; blindness; macular degeneration; blind spot; Mach bands; electroretinograms; binocular vision; visual acuity; vision; retina

唯一综述；钙网膜蛋白；中央凹；黄斑；锯齿缘；光感受器；杆状细胞；圆锥细胞；视束；视神经；直观皮层；色视觉；光感受；视蛋白；视紫质；鸟苷酸-结合蛋白；G蛋白-电偶受体；离子通道；鸟苷酸环化酶；环鸟苷酸；暗适应；视色素；多烯；11 - cis -视网膜；抗干眼醇；发色团；抑制蛋白；恢复蛋白；phosducin；转导蛋白；双极细胞；视网膜神经节细胞；视网膜祖细胞；无长突细胞；米勒细胞；光；retinogenesis；小眼；视泡；色素性视网膜炎；盲的黄斑变性；盲点；马赫带；视网膜电流图；双目视觉

The diamyl glutarate was synthesized by esterification of n- amyl alcohol and glutaric anhydride separated from dicarboxylic acid by catalysis of silicotungstic acid.

以正戊醇和从二羧酸中分离出的戊二酸酐为原料，以硅钨杂多酸为催化剂进行酯化反应，合成戊二酸二正戊酯。

Results also showed that the aromatization of humic substance was higher in soil applied with pig manure than the soil amended with straw.

结果还表明，秸秆和猪粪对土壤交换态Cd含量的影响还与其对腐殖酸芳构化程度的影响有关，添加猪粪比添加秸秆的土壤腐殖酸芳构化程度大。

Ethyl 4-[(1-hydroxy-1-methyl)ethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate,the key intermediate of Olmesartan ,was synthesized from butanoic acid and o-phenylenediamine via condensation under microwave-irradiation,oxidation,esterification and the Gringard reaction.

用正丁酸与邻苯二胺为原料，在微波照射下缩合成2-丙基苯并咪唑，再氧化开环制得2-丙基咪唑二羧酸，再经酯化、Gringard反应制得抗高血压药物奥美沙坦的关键中间体2-丙基-4-[(1-羟基-1-甲基)乙基]-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯，总收率32.2%。

In summary, the alkylation performances of isobutane with butene over bothheteropoly acid and zeolite catalysts have been investigated in this thesis, and theresults are helpful for further development of the solid acid catalysts for this process.

通过本论文的研究，对杂多酸和分子筛催化剂的烷基化性能有了进一步认识，能对今后开发固体酸的碳四烷基化催化剂有所帮助和借鉴。

Under the above optimum conditions, other trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters, such as trimethylolpropane lauric acid ester, trimethylolpropane myristic acid ester, trimethylolpropane capric acid ester and trimethylolpropane octanoic acid ester were synthesized, and their esterification rates were 80.97%, 87.03%, 80.73% and 81.24%, respectively.

在上述的最优条件下，分别合成三羟甲基丙烷月桂酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷豆蔻酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷癸酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷辛酸酯，其酯化率分别为80.97%、87.03%、80.73%和81.24%。

This paper gives some commensurable researches utilizing experiment combining theory. The whole paper consists of the theoretical and experimental researches. The first part consists of the fundamental study of foamed acid, the flowage of foamed acid as a Non-Newton fluid in the pipe and annular pipe, and the technology of acidification using foamed acid; and the experimental study includes the formula experiment of foamed acid, the Rheological behavior of foamed acid, the seepage and divided flow in the corn of foam, and appraisal experiment of foamed acid.

本论文采用实验和理论结合的方法，开展了相应的研究工作，主要包括两大部分内容：一是理论研究，包括泡沫酸的基本性质、泡沫酸流体作为可压缩非牛顿流体在井筒和环空中的流动规律、以及泡沫酸酸化工艺等方面的理论研究；二是实验研究，包括泡沫酸的稳定性配方、泡沫酸的流变特性、泡沫流体渗流规律和暂堵分流特性、泡沫酸室内评价等室内实验。

The reaction time, reaction temperature and catalyst influencing on esterification were investigated, and the acid value, flashing point and other properties were determined.

考察了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂等反应条件对酯化反应的影响，并对增塑剂的酸值、闪点及其他主要性能指标进行了测定，改进了酯化反应工艺条件，讨论了样品色泽、酸值及闪点的影响因素。

These humic small molecules are probably the humified products of various compounds in different humification procession. Their composition and amount will be different in different environment. This indicated the complex composition of the humic acid-like geomacromolecules and the various effect in the environment.

这些具有不同性质的腐殖酸小分子可能与腐殖酸形成过程中不同母质来源物质在不同阶段的腐殖化产物有关，并且不同环境中的腐殖酸分子由于其地质条件的差异，所含腐殖酸小分子的组成和数量都不会完全相同，表明腐殖酸类地质大分子物质结构组成的复杂性和在环境中影响的多样性。

L-Amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxy- anthraquinone could be obtained by coordinated hydroxylation of l-amino-2- bromo- anthraquinone, boric acid and the initiator potassium iodide or bromide with 97.5%yield and 99% purity.

在用HPLC跟踪溴氨酸的合成过程研究中发现，1-氨基蒽醌-2，4二磺酸在溴化过程中可转化为产物溴氨酸。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。