酸化的

1,6-Dimethyl adipate with selectivity of 100% was synthesized by batch and continuous esterification process using adipic acid and methanol as raw materials,DNW-I strong-acid cation exchange resin as catalyst.

摘 要：以DNW-I型强酸型正离子交换树脂为催化剂，己二酸和甲醇为原料，经间歇酯化和连续酯化反应后通过精馏可制备选择性为100%的1，6-己二酸二甲酯。

Oxygen that is evoluted in the anode and arsenic acid will have oxidation-reduction to produce arsenic acid. It can evolute a great amount of hydrog...

在铜含量较低时阴极析出大量氢气，阳极析出氧气，极大地浪费了电能；在析出氢气的同时逸出砷化氢，砷酸、亚砷酸在阴极直接发生还原反应也产生砷化氢气体，从而严重地污染了环境。

With the extension of fertilization with organic , especially with the combination with organic and inorganic fertilizer,the soil readily oxidizable organic matter increased, while Kos decreased ; The soil active humus content, humus acid and E4/ E6 value were increased , while molecular weight and aromaticity of humus acid were decreased , thus progress to humus formation and quality of organic matter were enhanced.

随着有机肥特别是有机无机氮肥配施的年限延长，土壤易氧化有机质的含量逐渐增加， Kos 下降；提高了土壤松结态腐殖质含量，提高胡敏酸的比例；提高胡敏酸的E4/ E6值，降低土壤胡敏酸的分子量及芳构化程度；从而促进土壤腐殖化进程，改善有机质的品质。

Methods: The DNA damage was measured after L-02 cell were incubated with 80μg/ml sodium fluoride, 1.73μg/ml selenium, 80μg/ml sodium fluoride and 1.73μg/ml selenium using Single Cell Electrophosis respectively.

采用80μg/ml氟化钠、1.73μg/ml亚硒酸钠以及80μg/ml氟化钠和1.73μg/ml亚硒酸钠对培养的L-02细胞进行染毒，24小时后用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测各组L-02细胞DNA损伤情况。

Esterification process of a reversible step wereresolved as two irreversible steps,then chemical decomposition of wood components weredecreased in liquid acid catalyst.Experiments showed that crosslinking catalysts took catalysisrole on two process in the esterification,(1)five cyclic anhydrides formed by dehydration ofpolycarboxylic acids,(2)esters occurred by substitution between five cyclic anhydrides andwood.

实验中的反应过程使一般的酯化一步可逆反应，分解为两步不可逆反应，减少了液相酸催化过程的木材组分化学降解；交联反应催化剂对于多元羧酸类化合物与木材组分的酯化反应具有两个过程的催化作用：(1)多元羧酸脱水形成五元环酸酐中间体；(2)木材与五元酸酐中间体亲核取代反应形成酯。

Kinetic reaction behavior of neo- polyhydric alcohols with fatty acids catalyzed by sulfuric acid was studied.

比较了Brnsted酸，包括硫酸、磷酸、对甲苯磺酸，催化季戊四醇与脂肪酸的酯化反应行为，结果表明，硫酸催化酯化反应速率最快，能有效催化不同类型的新戊基多元醇与脂肪酸的酯化反应，羟基转化率达到98%以上。

In order to obtain versatile ulitity of host molecules, three new chiral calix [4] crown ethers containing aza, thio atoms bearing two chiral sites provided by -cysteine ester were synthesized by the condensation of calix [4] arene diacid dichloride with oligoethylene glycol bridged bis-amino acid methyl ester. All new compounds were characterized by NMR, MS and elemental analysis.

以-半胱氨酸为手性源，利用多甘醇二氯醚在碱性条件下对半胱氨酸巯基进行烷基化反应，成功地合成了多甘醇醚链桥联的半胱氨酸衍生物，醚化反应后，在高度稀释条件下与对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃二乙酰氯进行双功能基缩合反应成功地合成了新型的手性杯[4]含氮、硫杂冠醚，并利用〓H NMR、MS等谱图手段对其结构进行了表征。

Serum alt, ast, bile acid and albumin levels were measured with automatic biochemistry analysator during the procedure.

采用ccl4造模，全自动生化分析仪检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、胆汁酸及白蛋白水平；he染色和vg染色观察肝脏病理及纤维化面积的变化，分析黄芪对肝功能及肝纤维化形成的影响。

Thirdly, the acrylic rosin was synthesized by the addition reaction from gum rosin andacrylic acid. The levo-pimaric acid was converted into acrylic pimarie acid throughDiels-Alder addition with acrylic acid. The abietic-type acids in the gum rosin were inisomerization balance under high temperature, and the abietic acid and palstric acid would beconverted into levo-pimaric acid and reacted in the later type.

第三，通过脂松香与丙烯酸加成合成了丙烯酸松香，该反应是左旋海松酸与丙烯酸发生Diels-Alder加成反应生成丙烯海松酸，由于脂松香中的枞酸型树脂酸在高温下处于异构化平衡状态，因此随着反应的进行枞酸、长叶松酸等会异构化为左旋海松酸参与反应。

Nitrobenzene is used as original material,it is sulfonated by gas sulphur trioxide to product sodium m-nitrobenzene sulfonate.

以硝基苯为原料进行磺化，采用气体三氧化硫为磺化剂，生产间硝基苯磺酸钠，提高了产品纯度，减少了90 %的废酸，使生产能力提高了一倍，为还原硝基生产氨基苯磺酸钠打下了良好的基础。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。