酸化的

Nsted acid ionic liquids were inactive for the alkylation of isobutane with butene.In contrast,the chloroaluminate ioni c liquids were very active for the alkylation.However,the qualities of the alkylate oils using chloroaluminate ionic liquids were unsatisfied and worse than that of the products in the industrial sulfuric acid process obviously.

发现：所制备Bronsted酸离子液体无催化烷基化反应活性；而氯铝酸离子液体则具有很高的催化烷基化反应活性，但所得烷基化油质量较差，明显低于工业硫酸法水平。

ABSTRACT Immobilized penicillin acylase (from E.coli) was used to catalyze 7 phenylacetamido 3 E propenyl cephalosporanic acid hydrolyzation into 7 amino 3 E propenyl cephalosporanic acid. Then, trans APRA was acylated with hydroxyethyl ester of 4 hydroxy D phenylglycine to obtain trans cefprozil.

以7 苯乙酰氨基 3 E 丙烯基 3 头孢菌素 4 羧酸为原料，在青霉素酰化酶作用下，首先酶法水解得到3 E 丙烯基 3 头孢菌素 4 羧酸，过滤固相酶，滤液调pH分离得到反式APRA固体；在青霉素酰化酶作用下，反式APRA再与对羟基苯甘氨酸乙二醇酯缩合，得到反式头孢丙烯；酶法合成所得的产品与进口反式头孢丙烯对照品一致。

In this paper,firstly a series of acryloxyl derivatives were synthesized from the dehydrogenated abietic acid,a main composition of disproportionated rosin, through acyl chloridation and esterification.The derivatives included the (β-acryloxyl ethyl) esters of dehydrogenated abietie acid,(β-methacryloxyl ethyl) esters of dehydrogenated abietic acid and (β-methacryloxyl propyl)esters of dehydrogenated abietic acid.

论文首先以歧化松香中的主要成分脱氢枞酸为模型化合物，采用酰氯化、酯化手段合成了它的一系列丙烯酰氧基衍生物，包括脱氢枞酸酯、脱氢枞酸(β-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基)酯和脱氢枞酸(β-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基)酯。

Such structural complexity is further enhanced by O-acetylation, esterification, lactonization, as well as other forms of substitutions, reflecting significance of carbohydrates in cell recognition.

细胞表面上糖缀合物的糖链经常以多/寡聚体形式存在，并且结构复杂，常常大量表达唾液酸、糖醛酸、硫酸化糖基等酸性糖，并发生O-乙酰化、酯化和内酯化等修饰。

The thermal stability, Raman spectra, and upconversion luminescence spectra of lead halide-modified Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped tellurite glasses have been investigated, and the upconversion luminescence mechanism of Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped oxyhalide tellurite glasses were analyzed.

研究了卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的热稳定性能、Raman光谱和上转换发光光谱，分析了Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光机理。结果发现：混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃具有好的热稳定性能、低的声子能量、强的上转换蓝光。这表明混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料

The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: the weight ratio of fatty acids and 85%acetic acid is 1:4, ozonolysis temperature is 20-25℃, manganese/copper acetate as catalyst, and the amount of catalyst is 0.15% of fatty acids, oxidation decomposition temperature and oxidation decomposition time are 90-95℃ and 4 hours respectively. the yields of azelaic acid and pelargonic acid are 57.4% and 51.6% respectively.

以菜油酸为原料、85%醋酸水溶液为溶剂，经臭氧化、氧化分解、重结晶等过程制备壬二酸和十三烷二酸的最佳反应条件为：m：m(85%醋酸)=1：4，臭氧化温度20-25℃；氧化分解温度80-85℃，催化剂醋酸锰/醋酸铜用量为原料菜油酸质量的0.12%，氧化分解时间3h，重结晶溶剂壬酸的用量为5倍质量的氧化分解产物时，十三烷二酸的收率为58.3%，壬二酸的收率为57.2%。

The company is also able to offer technology of multi-tube and membrane sulfonating reactor which was proprietarily developed by itself and have been commercially applied in production of LAS, HLAS, BLAS, K12, AES and MES.

提供自主开发的多管膜式磺化反应器技术，该磺化器已成功用于烷基苯磺酸钠，重烷基苯磺酸，支链烷基苯磺酸，脂肪醇硫酸钠（ K12），醇醚硫酸钠，脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠等的工业生产。

Zirconium phenyl phosphonate Zr (C6H5PO3) 2nH2O and its derivatives Zr(C6H5PO3)(subscript 2-x)(HPO4)nH2O and Zr (C6H5PO3)(subscript 2-x)-(HPO3)nH2O were synthesized and sulphonated.

合成了苯膦酸锆及其混合配体形式的苯膦酸－磷酸锆和苯膦酸－亚磷酸锆，并通过层间苯环磺化制备了不同组成的磺化苯膦酸－磷酸锆。

Starting from the hydroxylamine (dimethyl amino ethanol, triethanolamine) and 1, 3-propane sultone, a series of hydroxyl and sulfonyl dual-functionalized zwitterionic salts were synthesized. Then dual-functionalized ionic liquids containing both hydroxyl and sulfonyl functional groups were produced successfully by zwitterionic salts and three kinds of strong acids (p-toluene sulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid) respectively. The structure of zwitterionic salts and dual-functional ionic liquids were confirmed by the 1H NMR and IR.

以羟基有机胺(N，N-二甲基乙醇胺，三乙醇胺)为原料与1，3-磺酸内酯反应合成了一系列含有羟基和磺酸基双官能团的内盐，并将所得到的内盐分别与三种强酸(对甲苯磺酸，三氟磺酸，甲磺酸)反应，成功地合成了双功能化室温离子液体，并通过红外光谱、核磁氢谱测定，证实了内盐和双功能化离子液体的结构。

Novozym 435 was used for the synthesis of vitamin A plamitate. The influences of solvent, the molar ratio of substrates, the reaction temperature and time, and the water concentration were optimized and the best result was obtained by interesterification from 0.200 g vitamin A acetate and 0.468 g palmitic acid, at 30℃, in 10 mL hexane, containing 0% of water, with 10% of lipase(mass ratio, immobilized lipase to vitamin A plamitate). In these conditions, 75% of vitamin A acetate was converted into vitamin A plamitate. The immobilized lipase was reused about 6 batches.

对催化合成维生素A棕榈酸酯反应的脂肪酶和反应介质比较，同时对影响合成维生素A棕榈酸酯反应的因素（温度、初始水含量、底物摩尔比、反应时间和酶量等）进行了探讨，优化了反应条件：在10 mL不含水分的正己烷中，0.200 g 维生素A醋酸酯和0.468 g棕榈酸在酶量为10％（指固定化酶与维生素A醋酸酯的质量比）的固定化脂肪酶催化下，在 30℃、190 r/min下反应6 h，转化率可以达到75%，固定化酶可连续使用6次以上。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。