酸化的

The main reasons for acidification are to enhance beverage flavors and to act as preservatives against microbial growth.

酸化的主要目的是增强饮料的风味，同时作为防腐剂抑制微生物的生长。

The main reasons for acidification are to enhance beverage flavors and to act as preservative s against microbial growth.

酸化的主要目的是增强饮料的风味，同时作为防腐剂抑制微生物的生长。

The application form of acidifier has developed from single acid to compound acids. But reasonable compound acidifier is insufficiency in theoretics to sustain, this is the weakness aspect in acidifier research. The evolution about these aspects have been summarized in this article.

酸化剂应用形式也经历了由单一酸到复合酸的过程，但复合酸的合理配伍缺乏相应的理论基础，目前关于各种酸化剂的互作关系以及酸化剂和其他添加剂间的互作效应的研究正逐步展开，必将为酸化剂的进一步发展提供理论支持。

Acidifier supplementation I could improve significantly average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,apparent digestibility. Acidifier supplementation II could reduce diarrhea rate. And the reason needed to be research further.

酸化剂产品Ⅰ提高羔羊的增重速度、饲料转化效率和饲料主要营养物质表观消化率的作用效果均优于酸化剂产品Ⅱ，但酸化剂产品Ⅱ降低腹泻率的效果优于酸化剂产品Ⅰ，这可能与不同产品中酸的种类、组成不同有关，其机理尚有待进一步研究。

A set of the laboratory experiments were also performed to simulate the physical and chemical changes in the rain fall process and to study the factors affecting the pH value of cloud water.

以往的研究表明，大气中酸性物质的增加、碱性物质的减少或促使这种变化发生的条件的出现均为导致雨水酸化的决定因素。

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

"We actually know surprisingly little about how ocean acidity is changing over time, we need a broader network of measurements," said Professor Wootton.

伍顿教授称，"实际上，我们对海洋如何随时间的推移而酸化的情况知之甚少，我们需要一个更大范围内的测量网络。"

In this article, high DS and low viscosity carboxymethyl starch was prepared in aqueous media through the reaction between corn starch with acid treatment and etherifying agent, the effect of acid treatment time, liquor/material ratio, the amount of sodium hydroxide, the amount of monochloroacetic acid, etherification time, and reaction tempera.

以玉米淀粉为原料，采用酸化-醚化复合变性的方法在水相中制备高取代度低黏度羧甲基淀粉，探讨了酸化时间、液固比、NaOH用量、ClCH2COOH用量、醚化反应时间、反应温度对羧甲基化过程的影响，研究发现，对原淀粉进行酸化，可以在不增加其它反应试剂用量的基础上提高产物的取代度，但是酸化时间不应过长。

Our data are showed that apoptosis parameters including DNA fragmentation, nuclear morphological change and sub-G1 fraction, appeared after 24 h by 5 μM rottlerin treatment. Furthermore, rottlerin caused a decrease in 72% of ODC protein expression and an increase in threonine, rather than serine and tyrosine dephosphorylation on ODC enzyme compared with the control after incubation for 10 h. To determine whether ODC could down-regulate rottlerin-induced apoptosis, HL60 cells were stably transfected with ODC cDNA. HL60-ODC cells exhibited a 2.5-fold increase in ODC protein compared with vector only (HL60-pcDNA3) or HL60 cells.

在我们筛选天然化合物实验中，发现rottlerin抑制鸟胺酸去羧化活性最具成效，之前的研究人员已知蛋白激Cd调节鸟胺酸去羧化的活性，因此在人类白血病HL60细胞处理rottlerin的实验中发现加入rottlerin二十四小时后，细胞进行计划性死亡，并可侦测到DNA片段、细胞核浓缩及sub-G1提增；而细胞处理药物十小时后与控制组细胞比较，观察到鸟胺酸去羧化的蛋白表现与活性下降50﹪以上；除此以外，测定鸟胺酸去羧化去磷酸化的情况，发现於酥胺酸位置有显著差异，而丝胺酸和酪胺酸位置并无差异。

The classification of acidification indices about the tested the litchi orchard soil: the first class was soil intensity index of exchangeable aciditypH(KCl, exchangeable acidity, exchangeable aluminium, titratable acidity, actual acidification velocity , cation exchange capacity or electrical conductivity; the second class was soil exchangeable Ca2+, total base or base saturation percentage; The third class was soil intensity index of active aciditypH

采用第一类酸化指标，pH2.5的酸雨淋溶引起了供试土壤的酸化；采用第二类酸化指标，除pH2.5的酸雨淋溶引起了供试土壤的酸化外，pH3.5的酸雨淋溶引起了供试土壤的表层土壤酸化；采用第三类酸化指标，pH≤4.5酸雨淋溶引起了供试土壤不同程度的酸化。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。