酶蛋白

Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.

绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病，不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病，在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况；这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是，单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%；并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且，这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后，而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖，遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以，白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。

The potential candidates participating in the protective effect of IH include oxygen transport, energy metabolism, neurohumoral regulation, antioxidase, stress protein, adenosine, ATP-sensitive potassium channel, mitochondrium, calcium control, nitric oxide and protein kinase.

IH心脏保护作用可能涉及氧的运输、能量代谢、神经体液调节、抗氧化酶、应激蛋白、腺苷系统、ATP敏感钾通道、线粒体及其钙调控、一氧化氮和蛋白激酶等多方面机制，并受低氧处理方式、动物年龄和性别等因素影响。

These changes were prevented by genistein (a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, but promoted by sodium orthovanadate (a protein phosphatase inhibitor), which were administered to the SD rats 20 min before ischemia.

进一步的研究表明，缺血前20 min腹腔注射给药，然后缺血30 min，发现蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂染料木黄酮和抗氧化剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸能显著地抑制核内STAT3的磷酸化水平及DNA结合活性的增加(磷酸化水平从2.3和2.5倍分别降为1.2和1.4倍， DNA结合活性则从2.8和3.7倍分别降为1.1和1.5倍)，而蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂矾酸钠则能明显地促进他们的增高(磷酸化水平从2.0倍增到3.4倍， DNA结合活性从3.1倍增为5.1倍)。

On the basis of light microscopic observation the immunohistochemical examination of CK,TG,NSE,vimentin and calcitonin was used to observe 9 cases of oxyphilic cell adenoma of the thyroid.

观察9例甲状腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤，在光镜观察的基础上，用免疫组织化学方法检测细胞角蛋白、甲状腺球蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、波形蛋白和降钙素。

PDJ also could induce expression of PRP, and this trend was significant when the tobacco seedlings were infected by Phytophthora parasitica Var nicotianae. The results suggested that the increased activities of these enzymes and the expression of PRP is most likely to be associated with the development of induced resistance in tobacco seedlings.

PDJ处理同样诱导了烟草体内某些病程相关蛋白的表达，并且在黑胫病菌侵染后表达增强，这些结果表明PDJ处理后烟草酶活性的变化和病程相关蛋白的表达可能与其诱发烟草幼苗系统获得抗性的表现有关。

After inoculation with Phytophthora parasitica Var nicotianae, the activities of these enzymes in PDJ-treated tobacco were higher tha...

PDJ处理同样诱导了烟草体内某些病程相关蛋白的表达，并且在黑胫病菌侵染后表达增强，这些结果表明PDJ处理后烟草酶活性的变化和病程相关蛋白的表达可能与其诱发烟草幼苗系统获得抗性的表现有关。

The proportion of GGT complexed with low density lipoproteins plus very-low density lipoproteins in total GGT in serum is determinated with ratio colorimetery,sodium phosphotungstate and MgCl2 as precipitation.26 patients with liver cancer,18 with liver cirrhosis,22 with chronic hepatitis,14 with the other malignant tumors,16 with non-hepatobiliary disease of high GGT and 50 healthy subjects have been evaluated.

本文以磷钨酸－氯化镁作沉淀剂，速率法测定血清低密度脂蛋白，极低密度脂蛋白结合的r－谷氨酰转移酶（LDL－VLDL－GGT）占总GGT的百分比。对临床26例肝癌、18例肝硬化、22例慢性肝炎、14例其他恶性肿瘤、16例GGT升高的非肝脏疾病及50例健康人进行了检测，结果表明：肝癌组明显高于其他各组，差异显著（P＜0.01）。肝脏疾病升高幅度：肝癌＞肝硬化＞慢性肝炎，且每两者间有显著差异（P＜0.01）。

According to the alignment of Blastn and Blastx, one differentially exp ressed fragment, A7, was 97% identical in nucleotides to the 26S ribosomal RNA gene of Photinia fraseri and 91% in amino acids to cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in maize, respectively. Another differentially exp ressed fragment, A16, was 85% in nucleotides and 93% in amino acids identical to alpha-expansin 2 in Triphysaria versicolor.

核酸和氨基酸比对分析中同源性最高的是片段A7和A16.A7的核苷酸序列同源于红叶石楠Photinia fraseri 26S核糖体RNA (97%)、蛋白同源于玉米的细胞色素P450单加氧酶(91%)， A16的核苷酸(85%)及蛋白(93%)同源于直果草属 Triphysaria versicolor 的α-expansin 2基因。

Methods Purified 5-LO fragment was injected into male pronucli and the firtilized eggs were transplanted into pseudopregnant mice. PCR and Southern blot were used to detect the genotype of DNA separated from the newborn mouse tail tissues. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the gene transcription and expression. Results PCR and Southern blot results showed that 7 of 25 mice were transgenic mice.

通过显微注射的方法，将5-脂氧化酶基因片段(6.8 kb)导入BDF1受精卵雄原核并移植到同期受孕的假孕母鼠输卵管中，对产出仔鼠的鼠尾组织DNA进行PCR、Southern blot检测，对9、20、24号转基因小鼠分别提取腹腔细胞、骨髓细胞及脾、肾组织总RNA和蛋白，并采用RT-PCR、Western blot方法进行转录水平检测和蛋白表达检测。

Methods: The fibroblasts companying human hepatoma were primarily cultured with explant culture method, first passaged after they spread to the bottom of the culture bottle, and pured by enzyme digestion and repeated strapping the cells were identificated through observing the morphologic change using invert microscope and detecting expression of vimentin, keratin by iMmunohistochemical method.

应用组织块培养法进行人肝癌伴生成纤维细胞的原代培养，细胞铺满培养瓶底后首次传代，通过胰酶消化法和反复贴壁法进行成纤维细胞的纯化；通过倒置显微镜观察细胞形态、免疫组织化学方法检测细胞膜波形蛋白、角蛋白表达情况，对细胞进行鉴定。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。